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A von-Neumann-like photonic processor and its application in studying quantum signature of chaos

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 672-681页

作者： Shang Yu wei Liu Si-Jing Tao Zhi-Peng Li Yi-Tao wang Zhi-Peng Zhong Raj BPatel Yu Meng Yuan-Ze Yang Zhao-An wang Nai-Jie Guo Xiao-Dong Zeng Zhe Chen Liang Xu Ning Zhang Xiao Liu Mu Yang wen-Hao Zhang Zong-Quan Zhou Jin-Shi Xu Jian-Shun Tang Yong-Jian Han Chuan-Feng Li Guang-Can Guo CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China. CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China. Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China. Research Center for Quantum Sensing Zhejiang LabHangzhou 310000China. Quantum Optics and Laser Science Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonPrince Consort RdLondon SW72AZUK. Clarendon Laboratory Department of PhysicsOxford UniversityParks Road OX13PUOxfordUK

Photonic quantum computation plays an important role and offers unique *** decades after the milestone work of Knill-Laflamme-Milburn,various architectures of photonic processors have been proposed,and quantum advantage over classical computers has also been *** is now the opportune time to apply this technology to real-world ***,at current technology level,this aim is restricted by either programmability in bulk optics or loss in integrated optics for the existing architectures of processors,for which the resource cost is also a *** we present a von-Neumann-like architecture based on temporal-mode encoding and looped structure on table,which is capable of multimode-universal programmability,resource-efficiency,phasestability and *** order to illustrate these merits,we execute two different programs with varying resource requirements on the same processor,to investigate quantum signature of chaos from two aspects:the signature behaviors exhibited in phase space(13 modes),and the Fermi golden rule which has not been experimentally studied in quantitative way before(26 modes).The maximal program contains an optical interferometer network with 1694 freely-adjustable *** current state-of-the-art,our architecture stands as the most promising candidate for real-world applications.

关键词： quantum signature chaos

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Non-Point Pollution from Crop Production: Global, Regional and National Issues

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Pedosphere 2005年第4期15卷 499-508页

作者： D. NORSE Department of Geography University College London 4 Taviton Street London WC1H 0BT (UK)

China is now the world’s largest producer and user of industrial fertilizers and manures. Consequently China plays a substantial role in global N cycle dynamics and in man’s disruption of the nitrogen cycle though there are still significant uncertainties about the size and importance of emission and leaching rates. A major cause of China’s global role is the overuse of nitrogen fertilizers, which is most serious with intensive vegetable production where application rates can be up to 50% greater than crop needs, but is also a problem with wheat, rice and maize. China’s overuse of nitrogen fertiliser over the past 10-20 years has resulted in non-point source (NPS) pollution from crop production becoming a major cause of water pollution, and the situation is projected to get worse. In contrast, water pollution from point sources such as intensive livestock production and urban or industrial development is being brought more under control. The consequences for air pollution are equally serious. Emissions of nitrous oxide from fertilizers and manures may be so large that China could be responsible for 25-30% of global emissions of this damaging greenhouse gas and of the global warming resulting from it. The main national and local issues relate particularly to low fertilizer use efficiency and the losses of ammonia and NOx that lead to acid precipitation, and leaching and run-off losses that result in high nitrate levels in groundwater and eutrophication of rivers and lakes. The reasons why farmers overuse nitrogen fertilizer are complex and not fully understood. They involve agro-climate differences between provinces and counties, farming systems and farm income structures. Although there is a wide range of institutional and technological improvements that can greatly reduce this overuse rapid progress in reducing NPS is unlikely.

关键词： China fertilizer use global change nitrous oxide non-point source pollution

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Teasing apart the multiple roles of Shp2(Ptpn11)in spermatogenesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第1期22卷 122-122页

作者： Geoffrey J Maher Anne Goriely Clinical Genetics Group MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford 0X39DSUK ICTEM Building Hammersmith CampusImperial College LondonDu Cane RoadLondonW12 ONNUK

Dear Editor,Varicocele is a common cause of male infertility,but in the course of a diagnostic infertility workup,other underlying problems are often *** to two-thirds of patients with nonidiopathic male infertility h... 详细信息

关键词： infertility Shp2 easing

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胎儿血浆睾丸酮浓度与肾上腺皮质激素正相关

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 19-20页

作者： Gitau R. Adams D. Fisk N.M. Glover V. 朱新菊 wolfson/weston Res. Ctr. Fam. Hlth. Inst. of Repro. and Devmtl. Biology Imperial College London Du Cane Road London W12 0NN United Kingdom Prof.

Background: Fetal exposure to testosterone has been implicated in programming childhood behaviour, but little is known about the determinants of fetal testos terone concentrations. Aims: To investigate the relation between fetal testoster one and maternal and fetal cortisol. Methods: Clinically indicated blood samples taken from 44 human fetuses (mean gestational age 27 weeks, range 15- 38), tog ether with paired maternal samples, were analysed for testosterone and cortisol concentrations. Results: Male fetuses had significantly higher concentrations of testosterone than females. Female but not male fetal concentrations rose signif icantly with gestational age. Fetal testosterone correlated positively with both fetal cortisol and maternal testosterone concentrations. Multiple regression sh owed that maternal testosterone and fetal cortisol were independently correlated with fetal plasma testosterone in both sexes. Conclusion: Unlike the norm in th e adult, where testosterone production is often inhibited by cortisol, in the fe tus there is a positive link between the two.

关键词：胎儿血睾丸酮男性胎儿多重回归分析平均胎龄临床指征行为发育

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Modelling of the variation of granular base materials resilient modulus with material characteristics and humidity conditions

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第1期4卷 27-35页

作者： Jean-Pascal Bilodeau Erdrick Leandro Perez-Gonzalez Ali Saeidi Departement de Genie Civil et Genie des Eaux Universite LavalQuebecG1V 0A6Canada Departement des Sciences Appliquees Universite du Quebeca ChicoutimiChicoutimiG7H 2B1Canada

This study aims to quantify the susceptibility of granular materials used in pavements to changes in moisture content and propose a correlation model to incorporate this susceptibility into seasonal *** fines content and the percentage of fractured coarse aggregates were identified as direct indicators of the resilient modulus susceptibility to changes in water *** results showed that the percentage of fractured coarse aggregates particles(FR)has a more significant impact on the resilient modulus(Er)of crushed granular materials used in pavement construction than the combined indicator of the fines content and sample volumetrics(nf).Crushed granular materials with a higher percentage of fractured coarse aggregates are relatively insensitive to changes in the degree of saturation,but become more sensitive as the fine fraction porosity *** adjusted model was proposed based on the existing formulation,but considers a complex parameter to describe and adjust the sensitivity of base granular materials to variations in moisture content with respect to fabrication charac-teristics,fines content and volumetric *** model shows that the variation of Er values is below10%for fully crushed granular ***,it reaches approximately±12%for materials with 75%of crushed coarse aggregates andþ40%and-25%for materials with FR=50%.This model could help select good ag-gregates characteristics and adjust grain-size distribution for environments where significant moisture content variations can occur in the pavement system,such as in the Province of Quebec(Canada).As it is based on pa-rameters that can be easily determined or estimated,it also represents a valuable tool for detailed design and analysis that can consider material characteristics.

关键词： Resilient modulus Degree of saturation Humidity conditions Unbound granular materials Pavement base

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Funneling of the bladder neck - radiological appearance after radical retropubic prostatectomy and clinical relevance

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第2期22卷 152-153页

作者： Simon Bugeja Anastasia Frost Stella Ivaz Felix Campos Daniela E Andrich Anthony R Mundy University College london Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustReconstructive Urology UnitLondon NW12PGUK

Several authors have commented on the anatomical changes following radical prostatectomy(RP)for prostate cancer and their characteristic radiological appearances.1,2 Most of these relate to periurethral fibrosis and its clinical significance in patients with postprostatectomy sphincter weakness incontinence.3,4 On magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),this postsurgical fibrosis appears as a focus of low-signal intensity in the periurethral tissues at and around the level of the vesicourethral anastomosis(VUA)which is appreciable on both T1-and T2-weighted images.

关键词： bladder clinical radiological

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The role of copper in enhancing the performance of heteronuclear diatomic catalysts for the electrochemical CO_(2)conversion to C_(1) chemicals

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 490-500,I0013页

作者： Qi Zhao Rachel Crespo-Otero Devis Di Tommaso Department of Chemistry School of Physical and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondon WC1H 0AJUK

Diatomic catalysts(DACs)with two adjacent metal atoms supported on graphene can offer diverse functionalities,overcoming the inherent limitations of single atom catalysts(SACs).In this study,density functional theory calculations were conducted to investigate the reactivity of the carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)on metal sites of both DACs and SACs,as well as their synergistic effects on activity and *** of the Gibbs free energies of CO_(2)RR and associated values of the limiting potentials to generate C_(1) products showed that Cu acts as a promoter rather than an active catalytic centre in the catalytic CO_(2)conversion on heteronuclear DACs(CuN_(4)-MN_(4)),improving the catalytic activity on the other metal compared to the related SAC MN_(4).Cu enhances the initial reduction of CO_(2)by promoting orbital hybridization between the key intermediate*COOH 2p-orbitals and the metals 3d-orbitals around the Fermi *** degree of hybridization in the DACs CuN_(4)-MN_(4) decreases from Fe to Co,Ni,and *** work demonstrates how Cu regulates the CO_(2)RR performance of heteronuclear DACs,offering an effective approach to designing practical,stable,and high-performing diatomic catalysts for CO_(2)electroreduction.

关键词： Electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction Single atom catalysts Diatomic catalysts Graphene Density functional theory calculations

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Syringoceles of Cowper’s ducts and glands in adult men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第2期22卷 129-133页

作者： Simon Bugeja Anastasia Frost Stella Ivaz Mariya Dragova Daniela E Andrich Anthony R Mundy Reconstructive Urology Unit University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondon NW12PGUK

Cowper’s syringoceles are uncommon,usually described in children and most commonly limited to the *** describe more complex variants in an adult population affecting with varying degrees of severity,the glands themselves,and the complications they may lead *** hundred consecutive urethrograms of patients with unreconstructed strictures were ***-six patients(mean age:41.1 years)with Cowper’s syringoceles who were managed between 2009 and 2016 were subsequently ***,radiological appearance,treatment(when indicated),and outcomes were *** 100 urethrograms in patients with strictures,33.0%demonstrated filling of Cowper’s ducts or glands,occurring predominantly in patients with bulbar *** 1 of 26 patients with non-bulbar strictures had a visible duct/*** 26 symptomatic patients,15 presented with poor *** four patients,a grossly dilated Cowper’s duct obstructed the *** the remaining 11 patients,a bulbar stricture caused the symptoms and the syringocele was identified *** patients presented with perineal *** six of them,fluoroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed complex multicystic lesions within the bulbourethral *** patients developed perineoscrotal *** the 11 patients with strictures,the syringocele was no longer visible after *** three of four patients with urethral obstruction secondary to a dilated Cowper’s duct,this resolved after transperineal excision(n=2)and endoscopic deroofing(n=1).Five of six patients with complex syringoceles involving Cowper’s glands were excised surgically with symptomatic relief in *** conclusion,Cowper’s syringocele in adults is more common than previously thought and may cause lower urinary tract symptoms or be associated with serious complications which usually require surgical treatment.

关键词： complications Cowper’s glands syringocele treatment urethral stricture

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Polar interaction of polymer host-solvent enables stable solid electrolyte interphase in composite lithium metal anodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 172-178,I0006页

作者： Peng Shi Ze-Yu Liu Xue-Qiang Zhang Xiang Chen Nan Yao Jin Xie Cheng-Bin Jin Ying-Xin Zhan Gang Ye Jia-Qi Huang Stephens IfanE L Titirici Maria-Magdalena Qiang Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Institute of Nuclear and New Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua UniversityTaiyuan 030032ShanxiChina Department of Materials Molecular Sciences Research HubImperial College LondonLondon W12 OBZUK epartment of Chemical Engineering Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK

The lithium(Li) metal anode is an integral component in an emerging high-energy-density rechargeable battery.A composite Li anode with a three-dimensional(3 D) host exhibits unique advantages in suppressing Li dendrites and maintaining dimensional ***,the fundamental understanding and regulation of solid electrolyte interphase(SEI),which directly dictates the behavior of Li plating/stripping,are rarely researched in composite Li metal ***,the interaction between a polar polymer host and solvent molecules was proposed as an emerging but effective strategy to enable a stable SEI and a uniform Li deposition in a working *** carbonate molecules in electrolytes are enriched in the vicinity of a polar polyacrylonitrile(PAN) host due to a strong dipole-dipole interaction,resulting in a LiF-rich SEI on Li metal to improve the uniformity of Li deposition.A composite Li anode with a PAN host delivers 145 cycles compared with 90 cycles when a non-polar host is ***,60 cycles are demonstrated in a 1:0 Ah pouch cell without external *** work provides a fresh guidance for designing practical composite Li anodes by unraveling the vital role of the synergy between a 3 D host and solvent molecules for regulating a robust SEI.

关键词： Lithium metal Polar interaction Solid electrolyte interphase Lithium plating Composite anode

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A New Interface Identification Technique Based on Absolute Density Gradient for Violent Flows

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2018年第5期115卷 131-147页

作者： Yan Zhou Qingwei Ma School of Mathematics Computer Science and EngineeringCity University LondonNorthampton SquareLondonEC1V 0HB

An identification technique for sharp interface and penetrated isolated particles is developed for simulating two-dimensional,incompressible and immiscible two-phase flows using meshless particle methods in this *** technique is based on the numerically computed density gradient of fluid particles and is suitable for capturing large interface deformation and even topological changes such as merging and breaking up of phases.A number of assumed particle configurations will be examined using the technique,including these with different level of randomness of particle *** tests will show that the new technique can correctly identify almost all the interface and isolated particles,and also show that it is better than other existing popular methods tested.

关键词： Meshless method Particle method two-phase flow interface identification violent flows breaking waves

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