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Dynamics of Primary Productivity and Oceanographic Parameters under Influence of the Amazon River Plume

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Open Journal of Ecology 2018年第11期8卷 590-606页

作者： Amanda Otsuka Fernando Feitosa Moacyr Araújo Dóris Veleda Maria da Gloria Silva Cunha Nathalie Lefévre Felipe Gaspar Manuel Flores Montes Gislayne Borges Carlos Noriega Department of Oceanography Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil ird-locean Sorbonne Universités (Université Pierre et Marie Curie-CNRS-MNHN) Paris France

The watershed of the Amazon River discharges about 120,000 m3·s-1?of freshwater into the adjacent platform and oceanic region. The aim of this work was to analyze the distribution of oceanographic parameters, chlorophyll a and primary productivity under the influence of the Amazon River plume, during the period of greatest extension of the Amazon plume. Collections were carried out in September 14 in 16 stations including continental platform and oceanic region. It was possible to observe superficial currents along the coast in the northwest direction, but with less intensity and currents with greater speeds towards the east due to the North Brazil Current retroflexion at this time of the year, transporting the plume to the central Atlantic Ocean. The spatial influence of the plume was observed in the salinity, which ranged from 28 to 36.75, although the high precipitation in the region may also have contributed as a source of freshwater. However, the sampled region showed strong negative linear correlation of silicate, chlorophyll a and primary productivity with salinity. The primary productivity values ranged from 0.04 to 18.81 mg C m-3?day-1, whereas chlorophyll a concentrations ranged from 0.15 mg·m-3?to 1.83 mg·m-3, decreasing their values as they move away from the coast. The Amazon River plume can reach and influence the oceanographic and biological parameters in a large area of this oligotrophic region. However, the results also suggest that the export of material from the adjacent coastal region is another determinant of the region’s productivity.

关键词： Amazon River Plume Continental Shelf Oceanic Region Environmental Variables Phytoplankton Biomass Primary Productivity

Overlooked contribution of the biological pump to the Pacific Arctic nitrogen deficit

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第8期65卷 1477-1489页

作者： Hongliang LI Jianfang CHEN Diana RUIZ-PINO Jingjing ZHANG Haiyan JIN Yanpei ZHUANG Youcheng BAI Jian REN Yangjie LI Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou310012China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Hangzhou310012China Sorbonne Universités(UPMC UniversitéParis 06)-CNRS-IRD-MNHNLOCEAN Laboratory4 Place JussieuParisF-75005France Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai519080China Polar and Marine Research Institute Jimei UniversityXiamen361021China

The nutrient-rich Pacific Ocean seawater that flows through the Bering Strait into the Chukchi Sea is generally considered to be the most important source of nutrients to the Arctic euphotic *** inflow is characterized by nitrogen deficit and low nitrate/phosphate(N/P)ratios;this is ascribed to sedimentary denitrification on the Chukchi shelf by preoccupant ***,the Chukchi Sea also has high primary production,which raises the question of whether the biological pump may also significantly modulate nutrient properties of the ***,we show that nitrate concentrations of the Pacific inflow gradually decrease northward in association with notable biological *** phytoplankton N/P uptake ratio was 8.8±2.27,higher than the N/P ratio of Pacific inflow water(5-6).This uptake ratio,in combination with efficient vertical nitrogen export,serves to preferentially remove nitrogen(relative to phosphorus)from upper waters,thereby further intensifying the Arctic nitrogen ***,as large as about 111.7×10^(9)mol N yr^(−1)of nitrate was extra consumed,according to the real N/P uptake ratio rather than the ratio of the Pacific inflow,which may be as great as half the nitrogen loss ascribed to sedimentary *** findings suggest that besides sedimentary denitrification,biological disproportionate utilization of nutrients in the Chukchi Sea upper water is another important contributor to the nitrogen limitation and excess phosphorus in the upper Arctic *** the rapid Arctic change era,the predicted reinforced biological carbon pump could further impact the nutrient dynamics and biogeochemical process of the Arctic Ocean.

关键词： Nitrogen deficit Biological pump Nutrient Sinking particles Arctic Ocean

Oceanic Indices for Forecasting Seasonal Rainfall over the Northern Part of Brazilian Northeast

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American Journal of Climate Change 2016年第2期5卷 261-274页

作者： Gbèkpo Aubains Hounsou-Gbo Jacques Servain Moacyr Araujo Eduardo Sávio Martins Bernard Bourlès Guy Caniaux Laboratório de Oceanografia Física Estuarina e Costeira (LOFEC) Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (DOCEAN-UFPE) Recife Brazil Rede Brasileira de Pesquisas sobre Mudancas Climáticas Globais (Rede Clima) Sao José dos Campos Brazil International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications (ICMPA) UNESCO Chair Cotonou Benin Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (ird) LOCEAN Paris France Departamento de Oceanografia UFPE Recife Brazil Fundacao Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hidricos (FUNCEME) Fortaleza Brazil Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (ird) LEGOS Brest France CNRM UMR 3589 Météo-France/CNRS Toulouse France

A relationship between oceanic conditions in the northwestern equatorial Atlantic (NWEA) and the seasonal rainfall over the northern part of Brazilian Northeast (NNEB) allows large climate events to be forecasted with a delay of a few months. Observed sea surface variables (sea surface temperature, wind stress and latent heat flux) and reanalyzed temperature and salinity profiles at depths of 0 - 150 m are used during 1974-2008. Perturbations in the Wind-Evaporation-SST mechanism over the NWEA during the last months of the year and the first months of the following year are of primary importance in evaluating the risk that strong climate events will affect the subsequent seasonal rainfall (in March-April) over the NNEB. Especially interesting are the Barrier Layer Thickness (BLT) and Ocean Heat Content (OHC) in the NWEA region from August-September through the subsequent months, during which a slow and steady evolution is apparent, with the highest signal occurring in October-November. Through their relationship with the local surface dynamic conditions, such BLT and OHC perturbations during the last months of the year can be used as a valuable indicator for forecasting wet or dry events over the NNEB during the subsequent rainfall season. A proposal is discussed to deploy additional temperature/conductivity sensors down to a depth of 140 m at three PIRATA moorings located in the NWEA region. That will be necessary if the BLT and other parameters of energy exchange between the ocean and atmosphere are to be estimated in real time and with a sufficiently high vertical resolution.

关键词： Brazilian Northeast Seasonal Rainfall Barrier Layer Thickness Oceanic Heat Content

A Review of Arctic-Subarctic Ocean Linkages: Past Changes, Mechanisms, and Future Projections

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Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research 2023年第1期2卷 134-172页

作者： Qiang Wang Qi Shu Shizhu Wang Agnieszka Beszczynska-Moeller Sergey Danilov Laura de Steur Thomas W.N.Haine Michael Karcher Craig M.Lee Paul G.Myers Igor V.Polyakov Christine Provost Øystein Skagseth Gunnar Spreen Rebecca Woodgate Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research(AWI) BremerhavenGermany First Institute of Oceanography and Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical ModelingMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdaoPeople’s Republic of China Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling QingdaoPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of SciencesSopotPoland Department of Mathematics and Logistics Jacobs UniversityBremenGermany Norwegian Polar Institute Fram CentreTromsøNorway Earth&Planetary Sciences The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA .8Ocean Atmosphere Systems GmbH HamburgGermany Applied Physics Laboratory University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada. International Arctic Research Center and College of Natural Science and Mathematics University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAKUSA. Finnish Meteorological Institute HelsinkiFinland. Laboratoire locean-IPSL Sorbonne Université(UPMCUniversity Paris 6)CNRSIRDMNHNParisFrance. Institute of Marine Research and Bjerknes Centre of Climate Research BergenNorway. Institute of Environmental Physics University of BremenBremenGermany

Arctic Ocean gateway fluxes play a crucial role in linking the Arctic with the global ocean and affecting climate and marine *** reviewed past studies on Arctic-Subarctic ocean linkages and examined their changes and driving *** review highlights that radical changes occurred in the inflows and outflows of the Arctic Ocean during the ***,the Pacific inflow temperature in the Bering Strait and Atlantic inflow temperature in the Fram Strait hit record highs,while the Pacific inflow salinity in the Bering Strait and Arctic outflow salinity in the Davis and Fram straits hit record *** the ocean heat convergence from lower latitudes to the Arctic and the hydrological cycle connecting the Arctic with Subarctic seas were stronger in 2000-2020 than in ***6 models project a continuing increase in poleward ocean heat convergence in the 21st century,mainly due to warming of inflow *** also predict an increase in freshwater input to the Arctic Ocean,with the largest increase in freshwater export expected to occur in the Fram Strait due to both increased ocean volume export and decreased *** Strait sea ice volume export hit a record low in the 2010s and is projected to continue to decrease along with Arctic sea ice *** quantitatively attribute the variability of the volume,heat,and freshwater transports in the Arctic gateways to forcing within and outside the Arctic based on dedicated numerical simulations and emphasize the importance of both origins in driving the variability.

关键词： Arctic ocean Strait

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海洋生物泵对西北冰洋氮亏损的贡献

中国科学：地球科学 2022年第9期52卷 1849-1862页

作者：李宏亮陈建芳 Diana RUIZ-PINO 张静静金海燕庄燕培白有成任健李杨杰自然资源部第二海洋研究所海洋生态系统动力学重点实验室杭州310012 自然资源部第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室杭州310012 Sorbonne Universités(UPMC UniversitéParis 06)-CNRS-IRD-MNHNLOCEAN Laboratory4 Place JussieuF-75005 ParisFrance 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 珠海519080 集美大学极地与海洋研究所厦门361021

富含营养盐的太平洋水经白令海峡流入楚科奇海,是北冰洋真光层最重要的营养盐来源.研究发现太平洋入流具有氮亏损和硝酸盐/磷酸盐比值(N/P比值)低的特征,多是归因于楚科奇海陆架沉积物中的反硝化作用.然而,楚科奇海具有较强的生物活动,... 详细信息

富含营养盐的太平洋水经白令海峡流入楚科奇海,是北冰洋真光层最重要的营养盐来源.研究发现太平洋入流具有氮亏损和硝酸盐/磷酸盐比值(N/P比值)低的特征,多是归因于楚科奇海陆架沉积物中的反硝化作用.然而,楚科奇海具有较强的生物活动,生物泵过程对太平洋入流水营养盐性质的改造程度仍不得而知.本文研究发现,由于较强的生物吸收作用,太平洋入流向北冰洋高纬度输运过程中其营养盐浓度显著降低,且浮游生物利用营养盐的N/P比值(8.8±2.27)高于其源水的N/P比值(5~6).同时,楚科奇海具有较高的颗粒氮输出效率,将加剧太平洋入流的氮亏损.经计算,楚科奇海生物泵过程额外输出的氮元素高达111.7×10^(9)mol a^(-1),相当于该海区沉积物反硝化作用造成氮损失的一半左右.因此,除沉积物反硝化作用外,楚科奇海上层水体中浮游植物对营养盐的不均衡利用是造成北冰洋上层氮限制和磷过剩的另一个重要因素.在北冰洋发生快速变化的背景下,加强的生物泵作用将会进一步影响北冰洋的营养盐动力学和生物地球化学过程.

关键词：氮亏损生物泵营养盐沉降颗粒物北冰洋

Erratum to “A Review of Arctic–Subarctic Ocean Linkages: Past Changes, Mechanisms, and Future Projections”

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Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research 2023年第1期2卷 234-236页

作者： Qiang Wang Qi Shu Shizhu Wang Agnieszka Beszczynska-Moeller Sergey Danilov Laura de Steur Thomas W.N.Haine Michael Karcher Craig M.Lee Paul G.Myers Igor V.Polyakov Christine Provost Øystein Skagseth Gunnar Spreen Rebecca Woodgate Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research(AWI) BremerhavenGermany First Institute of Oceanography and Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical ModelingMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdaoPeople’s Republic of China Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling QingdaoPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of SciencesSopotPoland. Department of Mathematics and Logistics Jacobs UniversityBremenGermany. Norwegian Polar Institute Fram CentreTromsøNorway. Earth&Planetary Sciences The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA. Ocean Atmosphere Systems GmbH HamburgGermany. Applied Physics Laboratory University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada. International Arctic Research Center and College of Natural Science and Mathematics University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAKUSA. Finnish Meteorological Institute HelsinkiFinland. Laboratoire locean-IPSL Sorbonne Université(UPMCUniversity Paris 6)CNRSIRDMNHNParisFrance. Institute of Marine Research and Bjerknes Centre of Climate Research BergenNorway. Institute of Environmental Physics University of BremenBremenGermany

In the Review Article"A Review of Arctic–Subarctic Ocean Linkages:Past Changes,Mechanisms,and Future Projections"[1],the x-axis in Figure 4B and y-axis in Figure 8F were skewed during picture beautification by an ***... 详细信息

关键词： Arctic arctic Figure