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A new method to solve the Reynolds equation including mass-conserving cavitation by physics informed neural networks(PINNs)with both soft and hard constraints

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1165-1175页

作者： Yinhu XI Jinhui DENG Yiling LI School of Mechanical Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China Ericsson AB Datalinjen 3Linköping 58330Sweden

In this work,a new method to solve the Reynolds equation including mass-conserving cavitation by using the physics informed neural networks(PINNs)is proposed.The complementarity relationship between the pressure and the void fraction is used.There are several difficulties in problem solving,and the solutions are provided.Firstly,the difficulty for considering the pressure inequality constraint by PINNs is solved by transferring it into one equality constraint without introducing error.While the void fraction inequality constraint is considered by using the hard constraint with the max-min function.Secondly,to avoid the fluctuation of the boundary value problems,the hard constraint method is also utilized to apply the boundary pressure values and the corresponding functions are provided.Lastly,for avoiding the trivial solution the limitation for the mean value of the void fraction is applied.The results are validated against existing data,and both the incompressible and compressible lubricant are considered.Good agreement can be found for both the domain and domain boundaries.

关键词： Reynolds equation mass-conserving cavitation physics informed neural networks hard constraints trivial solution

Plant RNA-binding proteins:Phase separation dynamics and functional mechanisms underlying plant development and stress responses

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 531-551页

作者： Sheng Fan Yu Zhang Shaobo Zhu Lisha Shen Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory 1 Research LinkNational University of Singapore1 Research LinkSingapore 117604Singapore Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore14 Science Drive 4Singapore 117543Singapore

RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)accompany RNA from synthesis to decay,mediating every aspect of RNA metabolism and impacting diverse cellular and developmental processes in eukaryotes.Many RBPs undergo phase separation along with their bound RNA to form and function in dynamic membraneless biomolecular condensates for spatiotemporal coordination or regulation of RNA metabolism.Increasing evidence suggests that phase-separating RBPs with RNA-binding domains and intrinsically disordered regions play important roles in plant development and stress adaptation.Here,we summarize the current knowledge about how dynamic partitioning of RBPs into condensates controls plant development and enables sensing of experimental changes to confer growth plasticity under stress conditions,with a focus on the dynamics and functional mechanisms of RBP-rich nuclear condensates and cytoplasmic granules in mediating RNA metabolism.We also discuss roles of multiple factors,such as environmental signals,protein modifications,and N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation,in modulating the phase separation behaviors of RBPs,and highlight the prospects and challenges for future research on phase-separating RBPs in crops.

关键词： RNA-binding proteins phase separation biomolecular condensates RNA metabolism development stress resilience

Modeling urban scale human mobility through big data analysis and machinelearning

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Building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 3-21页

作者： Yapan Liu Bing Dong Department of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Syracuse University263 Link HallSyracuseNY 13244USA

In the United States,the buildings sector consumes about 76%of electricity use and 40% of all primary energy use and associated greenhouse gas emissions.Occupant behavior has drawn increasing research interests due to its impacts on the building energy consumption.However,occupant behavior study at urban scale remains a challenge,and very limited studies have been conducted.As an effort to couple big data analysis with human mobility modeling,this study has explored urban scale human mobility utilizing three months Global Positioning System(GPS)data of 93,o00 users at Phoenix Metropolitan Area.This research extracted stay points from raw data,and identified users'home,work,and other locations by Density-Based Spatial Clustering algorithm.Then,daily mobility patterns were constructed using different types of locations.We propose a novel approach to predict urban scale daily human mobility patterns with 12-hour prediction horizon,using Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)neural network model.Results shows the developed models achieved around 85%average accuracy and about 86%mean precision.The developed models can be further applied to analyze urban scale occupant behavior,building energy demand and flexibility,and contributed to urban planning.

关键词： urban human mobility big data analysis urban scale occupant behavior recurrent neural networks

Luminescent metal-halide perovskites:fundamentals,synthesis,and light-emitting devices

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 1776-1838页

作者： Kang Wang Jeong Hui Kim Jie Yang Xiaoke Liu Yixuan Dou Yuxuan Li Weijian Tao Haiyun Dong Haiming Zhu Kaifeng Wu Li Na Quan Feng Gao Jianpu Wang Letian Dou Yong Sheng Zhao Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE) Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)&School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies)Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing211816China Department of Physics Linköping UniversityLinköping58183Sweden Department of Chemistry Virginia TechBlacksburgVA24060USA State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023China Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Changzhou university Changzhou213164China Department of Chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA

Metal-halide perovskites have garnered considerable research attention as highly efficient light emitters in recent years due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties with remarkable tunability and excellent solution processabilities.Substantial advancements have been achieved in the development of novel halide perovskites,and the exploitations of these materials in lightemitting devices.This review comprehensively outlines recent breakthroughs in metal-halide perovskites,encompassing the rational design of perovskite materials with tunable light emission properties,the controllable growth of single crystal for a deeper understanding of their structure-property relationships,as well as the fundamental insights into the photophysics and carrier dynamics in perovskite systems.Additionally,it provides an overview of recent applications of perovskite materials in high-performance light-emitting diodes(LEDs)and lasers.

关键词： metal-halide perovskites perovskite luminescent materials perovskite synthesis excited-state processes perovskite light-emitting diodes perovskite lasers

1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Polycyclic Aromatic Azomethine Ylides and Alkynylbenziodoxoles for Synthesis of Functional Dibenzoullazines

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第10期42卷 1079-1083页

作者： Hui Han Glen Wee Zhuan Goh Yongxin Li Naohiko Yoshikai Shingo Ito Schoolof Chemistry ChemicalEngineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technoogical University21 Nanyang LinkSingapore 637371Singapore Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8578Japan

A new family of dibenzoullazine derivatives was synthesized through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylides with alkynylbenziodoxoles followed by oxidation.The benziodoxole moiety in the resulting products was used as a versatile linchpin for the synthesis of structurally diverse functional dibenzoullazines that are difficult to access by other synthetic methods.

关键词： Cycloaddition Nitrogen heterocycles Azomethine ylides Hypervalent compounds Dibenzoullazine

CAV driving safety monitoring and warning via V2X-based edge computing system

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第1期11卷 107-127页

作者： Cheng CHANG Jiawei ZHANG Kunpeng ZHANG Yichen ZHENG Mengkai SHI Jianming HU Shen LI Li LI Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Electrical Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Nebula link Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China Department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Driving safety and accident prevention are attracting increasing global interest.Current safety monitoring systems often face challenges such as limited spatiotemporal coverage and accuracy,leading to delays in alerting drivers about potential hazards.This study explores the use of edge computing for monitoring vehicle motion and issuing accident warnings,such as lane departures and vehicle collisions.Unlike traditional systems that depend on data from single vehicles,the cooperative vehicle-infrastructure system collects data directly from connected and automated vehicles(CAVs)via vehicle-to-everything communication.This approach facilitates a comprehensive assessment of each vehicle’s risk.We propose algorithms and specific data structures for evaluating accident risks associated with different CAVs.Furthermore,we examine the prerequisites for data accuracy and transmission delay to enhance the safety of CAV driving.The efficacy of this framework is validated through both simulated and real-world road tests,proving its utility in diverse driving conditions.

关键词： driving safety accident prevention connected and automated vehicles edge computing

Etiology matters:genetic and acquired prion diseases engage different mechanisms at a presymptomatic stage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2707-2708页

作者： Walker S.Jackson Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Wallenberg Center for Molecular MedicineLinköping UniversityLinköpingSweden

One of the most enigmatic problems in biomedical research surrounds the phenomenon that neurodegenerative diseases target specific cell types and brain regions.This is difficult to explain because the proteins that cause them are widely expressed,often highest in resistant regions.This mystery is further complicated by the fact that some disease-causing proteins are associated with multiple diseases.

关键词： diseases degenerative mechanisms

Single-wavelength-excited fluorogenic nanoprobe for accurate realtime ratiometric analysis of broad pH fluctuations in mitophagy

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Nano Research 2022年第7期15卷 6515-6521页

作者： Xin Zhang Juan Chen Jiwen Hu Anna du Rietz Xiongyu Wu Ruilong Zhang Zhongping Zhang Kajsa Uvdal Zhangjun Hu Department of Physics Chemistryand Biology(IFM)Linköping UniversityLinköping SE 58183Sweden School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Mitophagy has a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis through acidic lysosomes engulfing excess or impaired mitochondria,thereby pH fluctuation is one of the most significant indicators for tracking mitophagy.Then such precise pH tracking demands the fluorogenic probe that has tailored contemporaneous features,including mitochondrial-specificity,excellent biocompatibility,wide pH-sensitive range of 8.0–4.0,and especially quantitative ability.However,available molecular probes cannot simultaneously meet all the requirements since it is extremely difficult to integrate multiple functionalities into a single molecule.To fully address this issue,we herein integrate two fluorogenic pH sensitive units,a mitochondria-specific block,cellpenetrating facilitator,and biocompatible segments into an elegant silica nano scaffold,which greatly ensures the applicability for real-time tracking of pH fluctuations in mitophagy.Most significantly,at a single wavelength excitation,the integrated pHsensitive units have spectra-distinguishable fluorescence towards alkaline and acidic pH in a broad range that covers mitochondrial and lysosomal pH,thus enabling a ratiometric analysis of pH variations during the whole mitophagy.This work also provides constructive insights into the fabrication of advanced fluorescent nanoprobes for diverse biomedical applications.

关键词： mitochondrial pH mitophagy ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobe cell imaging

A new approach for determining GND and SSD densities based on indentation size effect:An application to additive-manufactured Hastelloy X

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第1期96卷 295-307页

作者： Luqing Cui Cheng-Han Yu Shuang Jiang Xiaoyu Sun Ru Lin Peng Jan-Erik Lundgren Johan Moverare Division of Engineering Materials Department of Management and EngineeringLinköping UniversityLinköping SE-58183Sweden Siemens Energy AB Finspång SE-61231Sweden

Dislocation plays a crucial role in controlling the strength and plasticity of bulk materials.However,determining the densities of geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)and statistically stored dislocations(SSDs)is one of the classical problems in material research for several decades.Here,we proposed a new approach based on indentation size effect(ISE)and strengthening theories.This approach was performed on a laser powder bed fused(L-PBF)Hastelloy X(HX),and the results were verified by the Hough-based EBSD and modified Williamson-Hall(m-WH)methods.Furthermore,to better understand the new approach and essential mechanisms,an in-depth investigation of the microstructure was conducted.The distribution of dislocations shows a clear grain orientation-dependent:low density in largepreferentially orientated grains while high density in fineorientated grains.The increment of strengthening in L-PBF HX is attributed to a huge amount of edge-GNDs.Planar slip is the main operative deformation mechanism during indentation tests,and the slip step patterns depend mostly on grain orientations and stacking fault energy.This study provides quantitative results of GND and SSD density for L-PBF HX,which constructs a firm basis for future quantitative work on other metals with different crystal structures.

关键词： Microstructure characterization Indentation size effect Hastelloy X Geometrically necessary dislocation Statistically stored dislocation