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Fabrication and fracture behaviors of the continuous brittle fiber reinforced tungsten composites fabricated via field-assisted sintering technology

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 172-182页

作者： Rui Shu Yi-Ran Mao Jan W. Coenen Alexis Terra Stephan Sch?nen Johann Riesch Christian Linsmeier Christoph Broeckmann Juelich research center Institute of Energy and Climate Research Plasma Physics (IEK-4) Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster Institute of Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering (IWM) RWTH Aachen University Department of Nuclear Engineering & Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin Madison Central Institute of Engineering Electronics and Analytics Engineering and Technology (ZEA-1) Juelich Research Center Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics Institute of Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering IWM RWTH Aachen University

Tungsten（W） is a promising candidate material for the plasma-facing components in future fusion ***,it has issues regarding the intrinsic brittleness as well as operational *** fiber reinforced tungsten（W_f/W） composites overcome these issues by using extrinsic toughening *** to neutron irradiation and high-temperature recrystallization during fusion operation,the ductility of the fibers may degrade over a long period of ***,it is necessary to investigate the fracture behavior of W_f/W composites with brittle *** the present work,the tungsten fibers were embrittled by ***,the continuous brittle W_f/W composite with yttrium oxide（Y2O3） interface was fabricated by the field-assisted sintering technology *** microstructure of the prepared W_f/W composites was *** fracture behavior and toughening mechanisms were discussed in detail based on the experimental results of 3-point bending tests and the corresponding finite element *** composites show a pseudo-ductile fracture *** are hindered and deflected by the de-bonded fiber-matrix *** extrinsic toughening mechanisms of interface de-bonding,crack bridging,and fiber pull-out are *** indicates the reinforcement concept still works even though all components in the W_f/W are brittle.

关键词： Field-assisted sintering technology (FAST) Fracture behavior Interface Numerical simulation Wf/W composites

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Modular miniaturized synthesis and in situ biological evaluation facilitate rapid discovery of potent Mra Y inhibitors as antibacterial agents

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 29-31页

作者： Mianling Yang Meehyein Kim Peng Zhan Department of Medicinal Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical SciencesShandong University Infectious Diseases Therapeutic research center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)

Despite the availability of effective antibacterial drugs, the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is primarily attributed to their excessive and inappropriate utilization. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the most concerning global health and development threats [1]. Thereby, the continuous escalation in AMR necessitates urgent advancements in novel antibacterial strategies. The MraY enzyme, which plays a pivotal role in synthesizing bacterial cell wall-composing polysaccharides, holds significant potential as a target for antibacterial agents [2]. However, its conformational dynamics have presented substantial challenges in developing MraY-targeting inhibitors.

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第2期20卷 366-377页

作者： Samuel Abokyi Dennis Yan-yin Tse School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina research center for SHARP Vision The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina center for Eye and Vision research Sha TinHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders,including diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,and glaucoma,following a growing understanding of the molecular underpinnings of their *** comprehensive review explores the mechanisms of retinal aging and investigates potential neuroprotective approaches,focusing on the activation of transcription factor *** meta-analyses have demonstrated promising outcomes of transcription factor EB-targeted strategies,such as exercise,calorie restriction,rapamycin,and metformin,in patients and animal models of these common retinal *** review critically assesses the role of transcription factor EB in retinal biology during aging,its neuroprotective effects,and its therapeutic potential for retinal *** impact of transcription factor EB on retinal aging is cell-specific,influencing metabolic reprogramming and energy homeostasis in retinal neurons through the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and nutrient-sensing *** vascular endothelial cells,transcription factor EB controls important processes,including endothelial cell proliferation,endothelial tube formation,and nitric oxide levels,thereby influencing the inner blood-retinal barrier,angiogenesis,and retinal ***,transcription factor EB affects vascular smooth muscle cells,inhibiting vascular calcification and *** retinal pigment epithelial cells,transcription factor EB modulates functions such as autophagy,lysosomal dynamics,and clearance of the aging pigment lipofuscin,thereby promoting photoreceptor survival and regulating vascular endothelial growth factor A expression involved in *** cell-specific functions of transcription factor EB significantly impact retinal aging mechanisms encompassing proteostasis,neuronal synapse plasticity,energy metabolism,microvasculature,and inflammation,ultimately offering pro

关键词： age-related macular degeneration anti-aging interventions autophagy calorie restriction diabetic retinopathy exercise glaucoma neuromodulation phagocytosis photoreceptor outer segment degradation retinal aging transcription factor EB

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Changes in source contributions to the oxidative potential of PM_(2.5)in urban Xiamen,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 342-357页

作者： Jia-Min Li Si-Min Zhao Qi-Yu Miao Shui-Ping Wu Jie Zhang James J.Schwab Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology College of Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Atmospheric Sciences research center University at AlbanySUNYAlbany 12226USA

The toxicity of PM_(2.5)does not necessarily change synchronously with its mass *** this study,the chemical composition(carbonaceous species,water-soluble ions,and metals)and oxidative potential(dithiothreitol assay,DTT)of PM_(2.5)were investigated in 2017/2018 and 2022 in Xiamen,*** decrease rate of volume-normalized DTT(DTTv)(38%)was lower than that of PM_(2.5)(55%)between the two sampling ***,the mass-normalized DTT(DTTm)increased by 44%.Clear seasonal patterns with higher levels in winter were found for PM_(2.5),most chemical constituents and DTTv but not for *** large decrease in DTT activity(84%−92%)after the addition of EDTA suggested that watersoluble metals were the main contributors to DTT in *** increased gap between the reconstructed and measured DTTv and the stronger correlations between the reconstructed/measured DTT ratio and carbonaceous species in 2022were *** decrease rates of the hazard index(32.5%)and lifetime cancer risk(9.1%)differed from those of PM_(2.5)and DTTv due to their different main *** PMF-MLR model showed that the contributions(nmol/(min·m^(3)))of vehicle emission,coal+biomass burning,ship emission and secondary aerosol to DTTv in 2022 decreased by 63.0%,65.2%,66.5%,and 22.2%,respectively,compared to those in 2017/2018,which was consistent with the emission reduction of vehicle exhaust and coal consumption,the adoption of low-sulfur fuel oil used on board ships and the reduced production of ***,the contributions of dust+sea salt and industrial emission increased.

关键词： Chemical composition Oxidative potential Interannual change PMF-MLR Source apportionment

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Energy Meteorology for the Evaluation of Solar Farm Thermal Impacts on Desert Habitats

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第2期42卷 313-326页

作者： Carlos F.M.COIMBRA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Jacobs School of EngineeringCenter of Excellence in Renewable Resource Integration and Center for Energy ResearchUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

This work addresses challenges and opportunities in the evaluation of solar power plant impacts,with a particular focus on thermal effects of solar plants on the environment and ***-scale solar power plants are often sited in arid or desert habitats,which tend to include fauna and flora that are highly sensitive to changes in temperature and *** understanding of both shortwave(solar)and longwave(terrestrial)radiation processes in solar power plants is complete enough to render the modeling of radiation fluxes with high confidence for most *** contrast to radiation,the convective environment in large-scale solar power plants is much more difficult to *** direction,wind speed,turbulence intensity,dust concentration,ground condition,panel configuration density,orientation and distribution throughout the solar field,all affect the local environment,the balance between radiation and convection,and in turn,the performance and thermal impact of solar power *** the temperatures of the two sides of photovoltaic(PV)panels depend on detailed convection-radiation balances,the uncertainty associated with convection affects the heat and mass transfer balances as *** balances are critically important in estimating the thermal impact of large-scale solar farms on local *** we discuss outstanding issues related with these transfer processes for utility-scale solar generation and highlight potential pathways to gain useful knowledge about the convective environment directly from solar farms under operating conditions.

关键词： environmental impact solar farms thermal balances shortwave and longwave radiation convection

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Tanreqing Injection Inhibits Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Macrophages Infected with Influenza A Virus by Promoting Mitophagy

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2025年第1期31卷 19-27页

作者： LIU Tian-yi HAO Yu MAO Qin ZHOU Na LIU Meng-hua WU Jun WANG Yi YANG Ming-rui School of Life Sciences Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China Experimental research center China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100700China

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of Tanreqing Injection(TRQ) on the activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3) inflammasome in macrophages infected with influenza A virus and the underlying mechanism based on mitophagy pathway. Methods:The inflammatory model of murine macrophage J774A.1 induced by influenza A virus [strain A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1), PR8] was constructed and treated by TRQ, while the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO and autophagy specific inhibitor 3-methyladenine(3-MA) were used as controls to intensively study the anti-inflammatory mechanism of TRQ based on mitophagy-mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(mt ROS)-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. The levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1 p20, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ(LC3Ⅱ) and P62 proteins were measured by Western blot. The release of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) was tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, the mt ROS level was detected by flow cytometry, and the immunofluorescence and co-localization of LC3 and mitochondria were observed under confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results: Similar to the effect of Mito-TEMPO and contrary to the results of 3-MA treatment, TRQ could significantly reduce the expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1 p20, and autophagy adaptor P62, promote the expression of autophagy marker LC3Ⅱ, enhance the mitochondrial fluorescence intensity, and inhibit the release of mt ROS and IL-1β(all P<0.01).Moreover, LC3 was co-localized with mitochondria, confirming the type of mitophagy. Conclusion: TRQ could reduce the level of mt ROS by promoting mitophagy in macrophages infected with influenza A virus, thus inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the release of IL-1β, and attenuating the inflammatory response.

关键词： Tanreqing Injection influenza virus anti-inflammation mitophagy nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome Chinese medicine

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Composite score of PD-1+CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD57+CD8+ tumor ascites lymphocytes is associated with prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment of patients with advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer research 2025年第01期 73-99页

作者： Tianhui He Jie Zhang Lin Zeng Zhongnan Yin Bo Yu Xi Zhang Xiaoxue Yang Chunliang Shang Lixiang Xue Hongyan Guo Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University Third Hospital center of Basic Medical research Institute of Medical Innovation and Research Peking University Third Hospital Biobank Peking University Third Hospital research center of Clinical Epidemiology Peking University Third Hospital

Objective: The expression of programmed death 1（PD-1） on CD8+T cells is associated with their activation and exhaustion, while CD57 serves as a senescence marker. The impact of PD-1+and CD57+CD8+T cells on the prognosis of patients with advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer（HGSOC） remain ***: We assessed the percentages of PD-1+and CD57+CD8+T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes（TILs, n=85） and tumor ascites lymphocytes（TALs, n=87） using flow cytometry. The optimal cutoffs for these markers in TILs and TALs were determined through the log-rank maximization method. Gene expression analysis elucidated the tumor immune microenvironment（TIME, n=36）.Results: Patients with higher PD-1+CD8+TILs（>87.8%） exhibited longer platinum-free interval（PFI） and overall survival（OS）. In contrast, those with elevated CD57+CD8+TALs（>28.69%） were more likely to experience chemotherapy and had lower complete remission rates, shorter PFI and OS. PD-1+CD8+TILs are primarily displayed an effector memory state with strong proliferative and secretory capabilities. Approximately 50% of CD57+CD8+TALs were terminally differentiated, exhibiting significantly impaired proliferation. Based on the proportions of PD-1+CD8+TILs and CD57+CD8+TALs, patients were categorized into good, median and poor prognosis groups, with median PFI of 47.78, 27.29 and 11.96 months, respectively（P<0.0001）. Median OS for these groups was not reach, 49.23 and 30.92 months, respectively（P<0.0001）. Patients with poor prognosis exhibit significantly reduced CD8+T cell proportion and increased M2 macrophage in the TIME, alongside downregulation of multiple T cell activation-related ***: Lower levels of PD-1+CD8+TILs and higher CD57+CD8+TALs, assessed prior to treatment,correlated with poor prognosis and suppressive TIME in advanced HGSOC.

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Application of FTIR two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy(2D-COS)analysis in characterizing environmental behaviors of microplastics:A systematic review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 200-216页

作者： Shuang Peng Feipeng Wang Dongbin Wei Cuiping Wang Haijun Ma Yuguo Du research center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China North Minzu University Yinchuan 750001China

Microplastics(MPs)are ubiquitous in the environment,continuously undergo aging processes and release toxic chemical *** the environmental behaviors of MPs is critical to accurately evaluate their long-term ecological *** twodimensional correlation spectroscopy(2D-COS)is a powerful tool for MPs studies,which can dig more comprehensive information hiding in the conventional one-dimensional spectra,such as infrared(IR)and Raman *** recent applications of 2D-COS in analyzing the behaviors and fates of MPs in the environment,including their aging processes,and interactions with natural organicmatter(NOM)or other chemical substances,were summarized *** main requirements and limitations of current approaches for exploring these processes are discussed,and the corresponding strategies to address these limitations and drawbacks are proposed as ***,new trends of 2D-COS are prospected for analyzing the properties and behaviors of MPs in both natural and artificial environmental processes.

关键词： Microplastics(MPs) 2D-COS application Aging processes Interactions

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Mechanistic insight on nanomaterial-induced reactive oxygen species formation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 200-210页

作者： Jianzhong Cao Qingchun Wu Xuting Liu Xiangyu Zhu Chunfeng Huang Xinyu Wang Yang Song State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are closely related to cell death,proliferation and ***,excessive ROS levels may exceed the cellular oxidative capacity and cause irreversible *** are often inadvertently exposed to nanomaterials(NMs).Therefore,elucidating the specific routes of ROS generation induced by NMs is crucial for comprehending the toxicity mechanisms of NMs and regulating their potential *** paper provides a comprehensive review of the toxicity mechanisms and applications of NMs from three perspectives:(1)Organelle *** the impact of NMmediated ROS onmitochondria,unravelingmechanisms at the organelle level.(2)NMs’*** the broad applications and biosafety considerations of Nanozymes,a unique class of NMs.(3)Cellular *** the toxic effects and mechanisms of NMs in cells at a holistic cellular *** on these perspectives,the paper scrutinizes the regulation of Fenton reactions by NMs in ***,it introduces diseases resulting fromNM-mediated ROS at the organism *** comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights for studying NM-mediated mechanisms at both cellular and organism levels,offering considerations for the safe design of nanomaterials.

关键词： Nanomaterials Reactive oxygen species(ROS) Toxicity Mitochondria Oxidative stress

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Synthesis and characteristics of Na-A zeolite from coal fly ash and application for adsorption of cerium(Ⅲ)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 171-179,I0007页

作者： Amru Daulay Widi Astuti Slamet Sumardi Fika Rofiek Mufakhir Yayat Iman Supriyatna Tri Haryono Lukmanul Hakim Samada research center for Mining Technology National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)J.Ir.SutamiKm.5Tanjung BintangSouth LampungLampung ProvinceIndonesia School of Chemistry University of BirminghamB152TTUK

Recycling rare earth elements(REEs)from waste is necessary for an environmentally sustainable reuse and wastewater management ***-A zeolite was synthesized from coal fly ash(CFA)and applied for Ce^(3+)*** transform infrared(FTIR)spectra show peaks at 790,500 and 467 cm^(-1),which are bond vibrations of Si-O-Si,Si with Al-O and Si-O-.The surface area is 15.88 m^(2)/g,with a pore size of 2.14 *** images show a cubic shape,which indicates the formation of *** emission and energy disperse spectroscopy(EDS)shows the formation of Si,Al,Na,and ***-A zeolite was applied for Ce^(3+)*** optimum conditions for Ce^(3+)adsorption are 50 ppm concentration,360 min,and pH *** maximum adsorption capacity is 176.49 mg/*** on the results,it is found that the adsorption of Ce^(3+)by Na-A zeolite is *** desorption test using HNO_(3) is more effective than using HCl and H_(2)SO_(4).A desorption efficiency of 97.22%is obtained at 4 *** test using real sample wastewater demonstrates an adsorption efficiency of 83.35%.

关键词： Coal fly ash Zeolite Na-A zeolite Adsorption Cerium(Ⅱ) Rare earths

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