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Serum bile acid and unsaturated fatty acid profiles of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetic patients

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 898-913页

作者： Su-Su Feng Si-Jing Wang Lin Guo Pan-Pan Ma Xiao-Long Ye Ming-Lin Pan Bo Hang Jian-Hua Mao Antoine M Snijders Yi-Bing Lu Da-Fa Ding department of Endocrinology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Biological Systems and engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720United States

BACKGROUND The understanding of bile acid(BA)and unsaturated fatty acid(UFA)profiles,as well as their dysregulation,remains elusive in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)coexisting with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Investigating these metabolites could offer valuable insights into the pathophy-siology of NAFLD in *** To identify potential metabolite biomarkers capable of distinguishing between NAFLD and *** A training model was developed involving 399 participants,comprising 113 healthy controls(HCs),134 individuals with T2DM without NAFLD,and 152 individuals with T2DM and *** validation encompassed 172 *** patients were divided based on liver fibrosis *** analytical approach employed univariate testing,orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,logistic regression,receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,and decision curve analysis to pinpoint and assess the diagnostic value of serum *** Compared to HCs,both T2DM and NAFLD groups exhibited diminished levels of specific *** UFAs,particular acids exhibited a positive correlation with NAFLD risk in T2DM,while theω-6:ω-3 UFA ratio demonstrated a negative *** ofα-linolenic acid andγ-linolenic acid were linked to significant liver fibrosis in *** validation cohort substantiated the predictive efficacy of these biomarkers for assessing NAFLD risk in T2DM *** This study underscores the connection between altered BA and UFA profiles and the presence of NAFLD in individuals with T2DM,proposing their potential as biomarkers in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

关键词： Bile acid Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Type 2 diabetes mellitus Unsaturated fatty acid

A direct polymeric carbon nitride/tungsten oxide Z-scheme heterostructure for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation via reforming of plastics into value-added chemicals

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3771-3783页

作者： Rui-Zhe Wang Zhi Lin Yi-Qing Wang Kai-Ni Zhang Ge-Hong Zhang Jie Zhang Samuel SMao Shao-Hua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China School of Civil and Architecture engineering Xi'an Technological UniversityXi'an 710021China department of mechanical engineering University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA

To promote charge transfer and separation for efficient photocatalysis,a direct Z-scheme heterostructure was constructed by coupling polymeric carbon nitride(PCN) and WO_(3).Interestingly,the obtained PCN/WO_(3)Z-scheme heterostructure could photocataly tic ally produce hydrogen and value-added chemicals(e.g.,formate and acetate) by reforming of plastic polylactic acid(PLA) in alkaline aqueous *** optimizing WO_(3) contents and reaction conditions,the obtained PCN/WO_(3)heterostructure exhibits much increased photocatalytic activity for PLA photoreforming under visible light,with hydrogen evolution rate reaching 402.90 μmol·g~(-1)·h~(-1),which is 3.5 times that of *** is revealed that the Z-scheme charge transfer between PCN and WO_(3) mainly contributes to the promoted charge separation and thus the improved photocatalytic ***,with h+and·OH experimentally evidenced as the predominant active species,a possible reaction pathway for the reforming of PLA into value-added chemicals(e.g.,formate and acetate)over PCN/WO_(3) Z-scheme heterostructure is cleared by monitoring the reaction intermediates and *** work paves a carbon neutrality and scalable route toward the synergistical production of hydrogen and value-added chemicals by utilizing and recycling plastic waste.

关键词： Carbon nitride Z-scheme heterojunction Plastic waste conversion Photocatalytic H_(2)production Value-added chemicals

Assembly of highly efficient aqueous light-harvesting system from sequence-defined peptoids for cytosolic microRNA detection

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 788-796页

作者： Yang Song Xiaoli Cai Mingming Wang Dan Du Yuehe Lin Chun-Long Chen department of mechanical and Materials engineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA Division of Physical Sciences Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA department of Chemical engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Precisely controlled spatial distributions of artificial light-harvesting systems in aqueous media are of significant importance for mimicking natural light-harvesting systems;however,they are often restrained by the solubility and the aggregation-caused quenching effect of the hydrophobic ***,we report one highly efficient artificial light-harvesting system based on peptoid nanotubes that mimic the hierarchical cylindrical structure of natural *** high crystallinity of these nanotubes enabled the organization of arrays of donor chromophores with precisely controlled spatial distributions,favoring an efficient Förster resonance energy transfer(FRET)process in aqueous *** FRET system exhibits an extremely high efficiency of 98.6%with a fluorescence quantum yield of 40%and an antenna effect of *** further demonstrated the use of this artificial light-harvesting system for quantifying miR-210 within cancer *** fluorescence intensity ratio of donor to acceptor is linearly related to the concentration of intercellular miR-210 in the range of 3.3–156 copies/*** high sensitivity in intracellular detection of miR-210 using this artificial light-harvesting system offers a great opportunity and pathways for biological imaging and detection,and for the further creation of microRNA(miRNA)toolbox for quantitative epigenetics and personalized medicine.

关键词： light-harvesting peptoid nanotube Förster resonance energy transfer intracellular RNA detection

Coupling of Adhesion and Anti‑Freezing Properties in Hydrogel Electrolytes for Low‑Temperature Aqueous‑Based Hybrid Capacitors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 15-31页

作者： Jingya Nan Yue Sun Fusheng Yang Yijing Zhang Yuxi Li Zihao Wang Chuchu Wang Dingkun Wang Fuxiang Chu Chunpeng Wang Tianyu Zhu Jianchun Jiang Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products Chinese Academy of ForestryKey Laboratory of Biomass Energy and MaterialJiangsu ProvinceNanjing 210042JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Co‑Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Energy Technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA department of Materials Science and engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA

Solid-state zinc-ion capacitors are emerging as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage owing to improved safety,mechanical and thermal stability and easy-to-direct *** electrolytes are appealing solid-state electrolytes because of eco-friendliness,high conductivity and intrinsic ***,the electrolyte/electrode interfacial contact and anti-freezing properties of current hydrogel electrolytes are still challenging for practical applications of zinc-ion ***,we report a class of hydrogel electrolytes that couple high interfacial adhesion and anti-freezing *** synergy of tough hydrogel matrix and chemical anchorage enables a well-adhered interface between hydrogel electrolyte and ***,the cooperative solvation of ZnCl2 and LiCl hybrid salts renders the hydrogel electrolyte high ionic conductivity and mechanical elasticity simultaneously at low *** significantly,the Zn||carbon nanotubes hybrid capacitor based on this hydrogel electrolyte exhibits low-temperature capacitive performance,delivering high-energy density of 39 Wh kg^(-1)at-60°C with capacity retention of 98.7%over 10,000 *** the benefits of the well-adhered electrolyte/electrode interface and the anti-freezing hydrogel electrolyte,the Zn/Li hybrid capacitor is able to accommodate dynamic deformations and function well under 1000 tension cycles even at-60°*** work provides a powerful strategy for enabling stable operation of low-temperature zinc-ion capacitors.

关键词： Interfacial adhesion Anti-freezing Hydrogel electrolytes Low-temperature hybrid capacitors Dynamic deformati

Improving hydrogen evolution reaction efficiency through lattice tuning

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5907-5913页

作者： Zipeng Zhao Haotian Liu Wenpei Gao Praveen Kolla Wang Xue Zeyan Liu Jinghua Guo Sanjeev Mukerjee Xiaoqing Pan Qingying Jia Xiangfeng Duan Yu Huang department of Materials Science and engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA department of Chemical engineering and Materials Science University of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia 92697USA Materials Science and engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina 27695USA department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Northeastern UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02115USA department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCalifornia 95064USA department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia 92697USA California Nanosystems Institute University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA

The intermittent nature of renewable energy sources sets a requirement for efficient energy storage to mitigate the conflict between energy supply and *** is a promising choice for energy storage due to its high energy ***,the conversion of electrical energy to chemical energy stored in hydrogen through water electrolysis suffers from low efficiency,and the electricity cost dominates the total cost of hydrogen ***,we report the study of improving the hydrogen evolution reaction activity of Pt-based catalysts by building a nanoscale surface NiO and Pt interface,further optimizing the performance via tuning the lattice parameter of the core of nanoparticles,which can be achieved by varying the dealloying annealing *** optimized PtCuNi-O/C and PtNi-O/C catalysts are demonstrated to be one of the best catalysts,with a mass activity(MA)of 9.1 and 8.7 mA/μgPt,which is 9.9-fold and 9.5-fold of that of Pt/C,respectively.

关键词： lattice tuning Pt-based catalyst hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalysis

Topological graph-based analysis of solid-state ion migration

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1337-1341页

作者： Jimmy-Xuan Shen Haoming Howard Li Ann Rutt Matthew K.Horton Kristin A.Persson Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCAUSA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyUSA department of Material Science and engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyUSA

To accelerate the development of ion conducting materials,we present a general graph-theoretic analysis framework for ion migration in any crystalline *** nodes of the graph represent metastable sites of the migrating ion and the edges represent discrete migration events between adjacent *** from a collection of possible metastable migration sites,the framework assigns a weight to the edges by calculating the individual migration energy barriers between those *** pathways in the periodic simulation cell corresponding to macroscopic ion migration are identified by searching for the lowest-cost cycle in the periodic migration *** exemplify the utility of the framework,we present the automatic analyses of Li migration in different polymorphs of VO(PO_(4)),with the resulting identification of two distinct crystal structures with simple migration pathways demonstrating overall<300 meV migration barriers.

关键词： analysis migration metastable

Approaches for handling high-dimensional cluster expansions of ionic systems

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1254-1264页

作者： Julia H.Yang Tina Chen Luis Barroso-Luque Zinab Jadidi Gerbrand Ceder department of Materials Science and engineering BerkeleyCA94720USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA

Disordered multicomponent systems attract great interest due to their engineering design flexibility and subsequent rich space of ***,detailed characterization of the structure and atomic correlations remains challenging and hinders full navigation of these complex spaces.A lattice cluster expansion is one tool to obtain configurational and energetic *** in theory a cluster expansion can be applied to any system of any dimensionality,the method has primarily been used in binary systems or ternary *** we apply cluster expansions in high-component ionic systems,setting up the largest cluster expansion ever attempted to our *** doing so,we address and discuss challenges specific to high-component ionic systems,namely charge state assignments,structural relaxations,and rank-deficient *** introduce practical procedures to make the fitting and analysis of complex systems tractable,providing guidance for future computational studies of disordered ionic systems.

关键词： properties cluster ionic

Classifying handedness in chiral nanomaterials using label error robust deep learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1417-1423页

作者： C.K.Groschner Alexander J.Pattison Assaf Ben-Moshe A.Paul Alivisatos Wolfgang Theis M.C.Scott department of Materials Science and engineering UC BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA School of Physics and Astronomy University of BirminghamBirminghamUK department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA

High-throughput scanning electron microscopy(SEM)coupled with classification using neural networks is an ideal method to determine the morphological handedness of large populations of chiral *** labeling removes the time-consuming manual labeling of training data,but introduces label error,and subsequently classification error in the trained neural ***,we evaluate methods to minimize classification error when training from automated labels of SEM datasets of chiral Tellurium *** the mirror relationship between images of opposite handed particles,we artificially create populations of varying label *** analyze the impact of label error rate and training method on the classification error of neural networks on an ideal dataset and on a practical *** the three training methods considered,we find that a pretraining approach yields the most accurate results across label error rates on ideal datasets,where size and other morphological variables are held constant,but that a co-teaching approach performs the best in practical application.

关键词： error chiral remove

Adaptively driven X-ray diffraction guided by machine learning for autonomous phase identification

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2036-2043页

作者： Nathan J.Szymanski Christopher J.Bartel Yan Zeng Mouhamad Diallo Haegyeom Kim Gerbrand Ceder department of Materials Science&engineering UC BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Machine learning(ML)has become a valuable tool to assist and improve materials characterization,enabling automated interpretation of experimental results with techniques such as X-ray diffraction(XRD)and electron *** ML models are fast once trained,there is a key opportunity to bring interpretation in-line with experiments and make on-the-fly decisions to achieve optimal measurement effectiveness,which creates broad opportunities for rapid learning and information extraction from ***,we demonstrate such a capability with the development of autonomous and adaptive *** coupling an ML algorithm with a physical diffractometer,this method integrates diffraction and analysis such that early experimental information is leveraged to steer measurements toward features that improve the confidence of a model trained to identify crystalline *** validate the effectiveness of an adaptive approach by showing that ML-driven XRD can accurately detect trace amounts of materials in multi-phase mixtures with short measurement *** improved speed of phase detection also enables in situ identification of short-lived intermediate phases formed during solid-state reactions using a standard in-house *** findings showcase the advantages of in-line ML for materials characterization and point to the possibility of more general approaches for adaptive experimentation.

关键词： phase diffraction autonomous