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The detection,extraction and parameter estimation of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals with deep learning

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 82-92页

作者： Qianyun Yun Wen-Biao Han Yi-Yang Guo He Wang Minghui Du Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310124China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China School of physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Taiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe(Beijing/Hangzhou) University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China lanzhou center for theoretical physics Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu ProvinceKey Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoELanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of theoretical physics&Research center of Gravitation Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China International Centre for theoretical physics Asia-Pacific(ICTP-AP) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS)Beijing 100049China center for Gravitational Wave Experiment National Microgravity LaboratoryInstitute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

One of the primary goals of space-borne gravitational wave detectors is to detect and analyze extreme-mass-ratio inspirals(EM-RIs).This task is particularly challenging because EMRI signals are complex,lengthy,and *** this work,we introduce a 2-layer convolutional neural network(CNN)approach to detect EMRI signals for space-borne detectors,achieving a true positive rate(TPR)of 96.9%at a 1%false positive rate(FPR)for signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)from 50 to ***,the key intrinsic parameters of EMRIs such as the mass,spin of the supermassive black hole(SMBH)and the initial eccentricity of the orbit can also be inferred directly by employing a neural *** mass and spin of the SMBH can be determined at 99%and 92%*** will greatly reduce the parameter spaces and computing cost for the following Bayesian parameter *** model also has a low dependency on the accuracy of the waveform *** study underscores the potential of deep learning methods in EMRI data analysis,enabling the rapid detection of EMRI signals and efficient parameter estimation.

关键词： gravitational wave EMRIs deep-learing

Fixing three dimensional geometries from entanglement entropies of CFT2

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Chinese physics C 2025年第02期 213-223页

作者：王鹏伍厚文杨海棠 center for theoretical physics Sichuan University

In this paper, we propose a method of fixing the leading behaviors of three dimensional geometries from the dual CFT2entanglement entropies. We employ only the holographic principle and do not use any assumption about the AdS/CFT correspondence and bulk geometry. Our strategy involves using both UV and IR-like CFT2entanglement entropies to fix the bulk geodesics. With a simple trick, the metric can be extracted from the *** examples, we fix the leading behaviors of the pure AdS3metric from the entanglement entropies of free CFT2and, more importantly, the BTZ black hole from the entanglement entropies of finite temperature CFT2. Consequently, CFT2with finite size or topological defects can be determined through simple transformations. Following the same steps, in principle, the leading behaviors of all three dimensional（topologically distinct） holographic classical geometries from the dual CFT2entanglement entropies can be fixed.

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Interplay of Kitaev Interaction and Off-Diagonal Exchanges:Exotic Phases and Quantum Phase Diagrams

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Chinese physics Letters 2025年第2期42卷 229-238页

作者： Qiang Luo Jize Zhao Xiaoqun Wang College of physics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and physics(NUAA) MIITNanjing 211106China School of Physical Science and Technology&Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoE Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China lanzhou center for theoretical physics Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu ProvinceLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of physics and Institute for Advanced Study in physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Aligning with the ongoing search for quantum spin liquids(QSLs),identifying QSLs in Kitaev magnets has attracted significant research interest during the past ***,it remains a significant *** of the major difficulties is that Kitaev QSL is typically fragile to competing interactions such as off-diagonal exchanges,which are ubiquitous in real materials owing to spin-orbit coupling and crystal-field ***,in turn,generates many intriguing field-induced novel phases and the thermal Hall *** this review,we focus on the interplay between the Kitaev interaction and off-diagonal Γ and Γ′exchange from a numerical *** review discusses certain representative exotic phases such as𝛤spin liquid,nematic ferromagnet,spin-flop phase,and distinct chiral spin states with spontaneous time-reversal symmetry *** also presents quantum phase diagrams of anisotropic Kitaev-Γ chains that exhibit kaleidoscopy for both ordered and disordered phases.

关键词： effect. diagonal quantum

No-go guide for the Hubble tension:Late-time or local-scale new physics

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 73-85页

作者： Lu Huang Shao-Jiang Wang Wang-Wei Yu CAS Key Laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing100190China Asia Pacific center for theoretical physics(APCTP) Pohang37673Korea Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik(Albert-Einstein-Institut) HannoverD-30167Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover30167Germany

The standard model of modern cosmology might be cracked by the recent persistent hot debate on the Hubble-constant(H_(0))tension,which manifests itself as the sound-horizon(r_(s))tension or absolute-magnitude(M_(B))tension if deeming the origin of the Hubble tension from modifying the early or late Universe,*** this study,we achieve a fully model-independent constraint(fitting a model-independent global parameterization to a model-independent inverse distant ladder with a modelindependent high-redshift calibration)on late-time models with strong evidence against homogeneous new physics over theΛ-cold-dark-matter(ΛCDM)*** using this model-independent constraint to calibrate sufficiently local supernovae with corresponding late-time models extrapolated below the homogeneity scale,we find surprisingly that,although both H_(0)tension and MB tension are absent in our local Universe,a combination of H_(0)and M_(B)as the intercept a B of the magnitude-redshift relation exhibits 3~7σtension even for theΛCDM *** aBtension seems to call for local-scale inhomogeneous new physics disguised as local observational systematics.

关键词： Hubble constant inverse distance ladder local Universe

Establishing the vector-meson-exchange dominance for the short range interactions of light quarks

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第3期68卷 190-191页

作者： Bing-Song Zou Department of physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China CAS Key Laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Southern center for Nuclear-Science Theory(SCNT) Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHuizhou516000China

Understanding the interactions between constituent quarks is one of the fundamental and challenging problems in hadron *** present,the constituent quark models have achieved great success in describing the properties of hadrons,whereas some long-standing disputes remain,especially for the short range interactions between constituent *** exploring the dynamic mechanism between u/d quarks,it is found that the one gluon exchange and/or vector meson exchange induced interactions may dominate the short range interactions[1].

关键词： quark exchange meson

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Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 67-74页

作者： Song He Li Li Sai Wang Shao-Jiang Wang center for theoretical physics and College of physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China CAS Key Laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Fundamental physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS)Hangzhou 310024China theoretical physics Division Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS)Beijing 100049China Max Planck Institute for Gravitational physics(Albert Einstein Institute) Am Muhlenberg 1Golm 14476Germany

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition,yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT)left *** specific baryon chemical poten-tial,the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon ***,therefore,provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs)within the standard model of particle *** these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA)observations,the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained,and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

Decision making module based on stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 198-205页

作者： Yifan Miao Li Zhao Yajun Zhang Zhe Yuan center for Advanced Quantum Studies and Department of physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute for Nanoelectric Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Interdisciplinary center for theoretical physics and Information Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

In biological neural systems,noise is ubiquitous but does not affect the correct decisions made in the complex cognitive ***-making in biological neural system is typically achieved by accumulating input information over a period of *** by recent developments in neurosciences,we design a decision-making module based on spintronic devices,utilizing superparamagnetic tunnel junctions as artificial *** feasibility of this decision-making module is verified through circuit *** a multi-layer perceptron as an example,the module significantly improves the accuracy of the perceptron in the handwritten digit recognition ***,the spintronic decision-making module offers advantages over the conventional pooling methods,such as adaptive decision time,high performance and the absence of analog-to-digital *** decision-making module is flexible to be integrated into artificial neural networks and provides a general yet effective solution to enhance performance against device noise.

关键词： neuromorphic computing spintronics magnetic tunnel junction neural networks

Relativistic two-fluid hydrodynamics with quantized vorticity from the nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation

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Communications in theoretical physics 2025年第2期77卷 161-171页

作者： Chi Xiong Kerson Huang Minjiang Collaborative center for theoretical physics Minjiang University Institute of Advanced Studies & School of Physical and Mathematical Science Nanyang Technological University physics Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge

We consider a relativistic two-fluid model of superfluidity, in which the superfluid is described by an order parameter that is a complex scalar field satisfying the nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation(NLKG). The coupling to the normal fluid is introduced via a covariant current–current interaction, which results in the addition of an effective potential, whose imaginary part describes particle transfer between superfluid and normal fluid. Quantized vorticity arises in a class of singular solutions and the related vortex dynamics is incorporated in the modified NLKG,facilitating numerical analysis which is usually very complicated in the phenomenology of vortex filaments. The dual transformation to a string theory description(Kalb–Ramond) of quantum vorticity, the Magnus force, and the mutual friction between quantized vortices and normal fluid are also studied.

关键词： relativistic superfluidity nonlinear Klein-Gordon field theory quantized vortices two-fluid model Kalb-Ramond field global string

Anisotropic transport properties and topological Hall effect in the annealed kagome antiferromagnet FeGe

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第3期68卷 153-160页

作者： Jiajun Ma Chenfei Shi Yantao Cao Yuwei Zhang Yazhou Li Jiaxing Liao Jialu Wang Wenhe Jiao Hanjie Guo Chenchao Xu Shixun Cao Jianhui Dai Jin-Ke Bao Yuke Li School of physics Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Quantum MattersHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou311121China Department of physics Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular StructuresShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province Department of Applied PhysicsZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan523808China School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Electron correlation often gives birth to various orders in quantum ***,a strongly correlated kagome antiferromagnet Fe Ge is discovered to undergo a charge density wave transition inside the A-type antiferromagnetic state,providing an opportunity to explore the interplay between charge order and ***,we reported the observation of anisotropic resistivity and Hall effect,along with a topological Hall effect,in the annealed Fe Ge *** the current flows along the abplane,the temperature dependence ofρ_(ab)exhibits a distinct resistivity loop related to a first-order transition at T_(cdw).The applied magnetic fields do not alter T_(cdw)but can induce a spin-flop transition at H_(sf).Consequently,a field-induced large topological Hall effect is observed in the canting antiferromagnetic(CAFM)state below T_(cant),which is possibly attributed to the non-trivial spin texture during the spin-flop ***,as current is parallel to c-axis,both the field-induced transitions inρ_(c)andχ_(c)***,the Hall resistivity in the annealed Fe Ge significantly exhibits a deviation from the linear *** findings provide valuable insight into revealing the interplay among magnetism,charge order and topology in the kagome magnets.

关键词： charge density wave Hall effect transport properties kagome magnet

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