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Nitrogen addition promotes soil carbon accumulation globally

science China Life sciences 2025年第1期68卷 284-293页

作者： Xuemei Yang Suhui Ma Erhan Huang Danhua Zhang Guoping Chen Jiangling Zhu Chengjun Ji Biao Zhu Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang Institute of ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences

Soil is the largest carbon(C) reservoir in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a crucial role in regulating the global C cycle and climate *** nitrogen(N) deposition has been widely considered as a critical factor affecting soil organic carbon(SOC) storage, but its effect on SOC components with different stability remains unclear. Here, we analyzed extensive empirical data from 304 sites worldwide to investigate how SOC and its components respond to N addition. Our analysis showed that N addition led to a significant increase in bulk SOC(6.7%), with greater increases in croplands(10.6%) and forests(6.0%) compared to grasslands(2.1%). Regarding SOC components, N addition promoted the accumulation of plant-derived C(9.7%–28.5%) over microbial-derived C(0.2%), as well as labile(5.7%) over recalcitrant components(–1.2%), resulting in a shift towards increased accumulation of plant-derived labile C. Consistently, N addition led to a greater increase in particulate organic C(11.9%) than mineral-associated organic C(3.6%), suggesting that N addition promotes C accumulation across all pools, with more increase in unstable than stable pools. The responses of SOC and its components were best predicted by the N addition rate and net primary productivity. Overall, our findings suggest that N enrichment could promote the accumulation of plant-derived and non-mineral associated C and a subsequent decrease in the overall stability of soil C pool, which underscores the importance of considering the effects of N enrichment on SOC components for a better understanding of C dynamics in soils.

关键词： meta-analysis nitrogen enrichment soil organic carbon carbon accumulation carbon stability

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Seasonality and moisture regime control soil respiration, enzyme activities, and soil microbial biomass carbon in a semi-arid forest of Delhi, India

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 579-591页

作者： Urvashi Tomar Ratul Baishya ecology&ecosystem Research Laboratory Department of BotanyUniversity of DelhiDelhi 110007India

Soil respiration,soil enzymes,and microbial biomass are important in carbon cycling in the terrestrial ecosystem which is generally limited by environmental factors and soil carbon ***,we tried to assess the factors affecting the functional aspects of these processes in a semi-arid *** monitored soil respiration(surface)using a portable infrared gas analyzer(Q-Box SR1LP Soil Respiration Package,Qubit Systems,Canada)equipped with a soil respiration chamber(Model:G 180).Soil respiration was measured at midday during each season throughout the study *** enzymatic activities and microbial biomass carbon(MBC)were analyzed following the standard protocol for a year during peak time in four seasons at 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm *** respiration shows significant variation with highest in monsoon(3.31μmol CO2 m−2 s^(−1))and lowest in winter(0.57μmol CO2 m^(−2) s^(−1)).Similarly,β-glucosidase,dehydrogenase,and phenol oxidase activity ranged from 11.15 to 212.59μg PNP g^(−1) DW h^(−1),0.11 to 16.47μg TPF g^(−1) DW h^(−1),and 4102.95 to 10187.55μmol ABTS+g^(−1) DW min^(−1),*** ranged from 17.08 to 484.5μgCg^(−1).Besides,soil respiration,soil enzymes(exceptβ-glucosidase),and MBC were significantly correlated with soil ***,optimum moisture and temperature played a significant role in determining variations in soil microbiological processes(exceptβ-glucosidase activity);the carbon cycling in the study area is assisted by enzyme activity;dehydrogenase and phenol oxidase played a significant role in soil respiration;hence,this landscape is sensitive to environmental changes.

关键词： Soil respiration Enzyme activities Microbial biomass carbon Seasons Semi-arid forest

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Exploring the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of vegetation changes in subtropical humid karst region under CO2 fertilization

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Journal of Geographical sciences 2025年第1期35卷 65-87页

作者： CHEN Meng ZHOU Qiuwen PENG Dawei YAN Weihong School of Geography and Environmental science Guizhou Normal University Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst ecosystem Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services Institute of Subtropical Agriculture CAS University of Chinese Academy of sciences Faculty of Geographical science Beijing Normal University Forestry Bureau of Shibing County

Terrestrial ecosystems heavily depend on vegetation,which responds to carbon dioxide （CO2） fertilization in hot and humid *** subtropical humid karst region is a hot and humid region;whether and to what extent CO2fertilization affects vegetation changes in such regions remains *** this study,we investigated the degree to which CO2fertilization influences vegetation changes,along with their spatial and temporal differences,in the subtropical humid karst region using time-lag effect analysis,a random forest model,and multiple regression *** showed that CO2fertilization plays an important role in vegetation changes,exhibiting clear spatial variations across different geomorphological zones,with its degree of influence ranging mainly between 11%and 25%.The highest contribution of CO2fertilization was observed in the karst basin and non-karstic region,whereas the lowest contribution was found in the karst plateau *** studies have primarily attributed vegetation changes in subtropical humid karst region to ecological engineering,leading to an overestimation of its contribution to these *** findings of this study enhance the understanding of the mechanism of vegetation changes in humid karst region and provide theoretical and practical insights for ecological and environmental protection in these regions.

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LiDAR-Visual SLAM with Integrated Semantic and Texture Information for Enhanced Ecological Monitoring Vehicle Localization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1401-1416页

作者： Yiqing Lu Liutao Zhao Qiankun Zhao Foreign Environmental Cooperation Center Ministry of Ecology and Environment of PRCBeijing100035China Beijing Computing Center Co. Ltd.Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing100083China Beijing Guyu Interactive Artificial Intelligence Application Co. Ltd.Beijing100024China

Ecological monitoring vehicles are equipped with a range of sensors and monitoring devices designed to gather data on ecological and environmental *** vehicles are crucial in various fields,including environmental science research,ecological and environmental monitoring projects,disaster response,and emergency management.A key method employed in these vehicles for achieving high-precision positioning is LiDAR(lightlaser detection and ranging)-Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM).However,maintaining highprecision localization in complex scenarios,such as degraded environments or when dynamic objects are present,remains a significant *** address this issue,we integrate both semantic and texture information from LiDAR and cameras to enhance the robustness and efficiency of data ***,semantic information simplifies the modeling of scene elements,reducing the reliance on dense point clouds,which can be less ***,visual texture information complements LiDAR-Visual localization by providing additional contextual *** incorporating semantic and texture details frompaired images and point clouds,we significantly improve the quality of data association,thereby increasing the success rate of *** approach not only enhances the operational capabilities of ecological monitoring vehicles in complex environments but also contributes to improving the overall efficiency and effectiveness of ecological monitoring and environmental protection efforts.

关键词： LiDAR-Visual simultaneous localization and mapping integrated semantic texture information

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Wetland and habitat dynamics in the evolving landscape of the Middle Yangtze River Basin

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Journal of Geographical sciences 2025年第1期35卷 88-111页

作者： YANG Peng SUN Kaiya ZHU Yanchao XIA Jun HUANG Heqing SONG Jingxia SHI Xiaorui LU Xixi Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional ecology and Environmental Change School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of Geosciences Department of Geography National University of Singapore State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering science Wuhan University

Wetlands play a critical role in the global environment. The Middle Yangtze River Basin(MYRB), known for its abundant wetland resources, has experienced notable changes resulting from the complex interplay of environmental factors. Therefore, we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of wetland ecological quality in the MYRB from 2001 to *** the random forest(RF) regression algorithm and patch-generated land-use simulation(PLUS) model, we forecasted variations in wetland habitat quality and their determinants under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway-Representative Concentration Pathway(SSPRCP) framework from 2035 to 2095. The main findings are as follows:(1) The RF algorithm was optimal for land-use and land-cover(LULC) classification in the MYRB from 2001 to 2020,when notable changes were observed in water bodies and buildings. However, the forested area exhibited an increase and decrease of 3.9% and 1.2% under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, respectively, whereas farmland exhibited a diminishing trend.(2) Wetlands were primarily concentrated in the central and eastern MYRB, with counties in the southwest exhibiting superior ecological-environmental quality from 2001 to 2020. Notably,wetland coverage revealed significantly high level, significant changes, frequent but relatively minor changes under the SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP 5-8.5 scenarios, respectively.(3)Regions with lower habitat quality were primarily concentrated in urbanized areas characterized by frequent human activities, indicating a clear degradation in habitat quality across different scenarios. In conclusion, we established a foundational framework for future investigations into the eco-hydrological processes and ecosystem quality of watersheds.

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Simulating small-scale climate change effects-lessons from a short-term field manipulation experiment on grassland arthropods

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Insect science 2013年第5期20卷 662-670页

作者： Sascha Buchholz Dorothee Rolfsmeyer Jens Schirmel Department of ecology TU Berlin Institute of landscape ecology University of Munster Robert-Koch-Straβe 26 48149 Munster ecosystem Analysis University ofKoblenz-Landau Fortstraβe 7 76829 Landau Germany

Climate change is expected to cause major consequences on biodiversity. Understanding species-specific reactions, such as species shifts, species declines, and changes in population dynamics is a key issue to quantify large-scale impacts of climate change on biotic communities. As it is often impossible or at least impracticable to conduct large-scale experiments on biotic responses to climate change, studies at a smaller scale may be a useful alternative. In our study, we therefore tested responses of grassland arthropods （carabid beetles, spiders, grasshoppers） to simulated climate change in terms of species activity densities and diversity. We conducted a controlled field experiment by changing water and microclimatic conditions at a small scale （16 m2）. Roof constructions were used to increase drought-like conditions, whereas water supply was enhanced by irrigation. In all, 2 038 carabid beetles （36 species）, 4 893 spiders （65 species）, and 303 Orthoptera （4 species） were caught using pitfall traps from May to August, 2010. During our experiment, we created an artificial small-scale climate change; and statistics revealed that these changes had short-term effects on the total number of individuals and Simpson diversity of the studied arthropod groups. Moreover, our results showed that certain species might react very quickly to climate change in terms of activity densities, which in turn might influence diversity due to shifts in abundance patterns. Finally, we devised methodological improvements that may further enhance the validity of future studies.

关键词： carabid beetles drought global wanning grasshoppers irrigation spiders

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DKP-SLAM:A Visual SLAM for Dynamic Indoor Scenes Based on Object Detection and Region Probability

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1329-1347页

作者： Menglin Yin Yong Qin Jiansheng Peng College of Automation Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou545000China Department of Artificial Intelligence and Manufacturing Hechi UniversityHechi546300China Key Laboratory of AI and Information Processing Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionHechi546300China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture ecology and Applied Intelligent Technology School of Chemistry and BioengineeringHechi UniversityHechi546300China

In dynamic scenarios,visual simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM)algorithms often incorrectly incorporate dynamic points during camera pose computation,leading to reduced accuracy and *** paper presents a dynamic SLAM algorithm that leverages object detection and regional dynamic ***,a parallel thread employs the YOLOX object detectionmodel to gather 2D semantic information and compensate for missed ***,an improved K-means++clustering algorithm clusters bounding box regions,adaptively determining the threshold for extracting dynamic object contours as dynamic points *** process divides the image into low dynamic,suspicious dynamic,and high dynamic *** the tracking thread,the dynamic point removal module assigns dynamic probability weights to the feature points in these *** with geometric methods,it detects and removes the dynamic *** final evaluation on the public TUM RGB-D dataset shows that the proposed dynamic SLAM algorithm surpasses most existing SLAM algorithms,providing better pose estimation accuracy and robustness in dynamic environments.

关键词： Visual SLAM dynamic scene YOLOX K-means++clustering dynamic probability

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Simulation and analysis of the long-term impacts of 1.5°C global climate pledges on China's land systems

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science China Earth sciences 2025年

作者： Jiaying LV Changqing SONG Yifan GAO Sijing YE Peichao GAO State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource ecology Beijing Normal University Center for GeoData and Analysis Beijing Normal University

Global warming has become a shared issue for humanity. At the 26th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 2021, participating countries reached climate pledges aimed at making more proactive contributions to limit the global average temperature rise within 1.5°C by 2100. Land system changes are significant responses of land to climate change. As one of the contracting parties, China has proposed climate targets such as carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals in recent years to support the global pledges of limiting global warming to1.5°C, which will profoundly impact China's future land system changes. This study focuses on China as the study area,produces data with a thematic resolution of 27 types of land systems, integrates the output of various land types by the Global Change Assessment Model(GCAM) into four categories of land service demand, and combines these with the improved CLUMondo model to simulate China's land system changes in 2100 under a 1.5°C global warming scenario and a reference scenario without updated emission reduction measures. The conclusions of this study are as follows:(1) The method of integrating the GCAM and improved CLUMondo model demonstrates high validation accuracy in simulating China's land system changes, effectively predicting the changes.(2) Under the 1.5°C global warming scenario, the quality of ecosystems related to mountains, water, forests, farmland, lakes, and grasslands in China improved. The areas of shrubland, wetland, and forest are projected to increase by 185%, 79%, and 33%, respectively, with low-density shrubland, high-density wetland, and high-density forest showing the most significant increases.(3) Compared with the reference scenario, the 1.5°C climate pledges drive greater changes in future land systems, with wetland and forest area growth levels exceeding those of the reference scenario by 20% and 10%, respectively. Notably, the changes in cropland, grasslan

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Occurrence of an endangered grassland butterfly is mainly driven by habitat heterogeneity,food availability,and microclimate

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Insect science 2022年第4期29卷 1211-1225页

作者： Gwydion Scherer Thomas Fartmann Department of Biodiversity and landscape ecology University of OsnabrückOsnabrückGermany Institute of Biodiversity and landscape ecology(IBL) MünsterGermany

The Marsh Fritillary(Euphydryas aurinia)was once widespread in large parts of Central ***,in the course of the last century,populations of the butterfly largely ***,we surveyed patch and microhabitat occupancy and its drivers in one of the last vital populations in calcareous *** study revealed that environmental conditions at the landscape and habitat level determined the occurrence of *** in a montane agricultural landscape with low land-use *** occupancy increased with the cover of Devil's-bit Scabious(Succisa pratensis)grasslands in the surroundings of the patches,habitat heterogeneity and host-plant *** occupancy was driven by a warm microclimate and high availability of host *** the well-connected landscape of nutrient-poor grasslands,patch occupancy of *** was driven by parameters defining a high habitat *** heterogeneity very likely buffers *** populations against environmental stochasticity and,hence,enhances long-term *** the gregariously feeding caterpillars of ***,host-plant biomass is *** to their more luxuriant growth,*** plants were clearly preferred,although the Glossy Scabious(Scabiosa lucida)was also ***,the growth of large Succisa plants was favored by soil humidity and grassland *** cope with the adverse macro-and mesoclimatic conditions of the study area,females of the butterfly selected host plants growing in extraordinarily warm microhabitats for *** secure long-term viability of *** populations,we recommend creating mosaics of traditionally managed grasslands and early stages of abandonment within the patches.

关键词： agricultural landscape calcarcous grassland hay meadow host-plant abundance land-use change traditional management

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Lipids and fatty acids in Calanus sinicus during over-summering in the southern Yellow Sea

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2017年第4期35卷 874-882页

作者：王延清李超伦刘梦坛金鑫 Key Laboratory of Marine ecology and Environmental sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of sciences Laboratory for Marine ecology and Environmental science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Jiaozhou Bay Marine ecosystem Research Station Chinese Ecosystem Research Network

Over-summering is a crucial period for Calanus sinicus in the southern Yellow Sea,where it is a key member of the zooplankton *** play an important role in copepod diapause,which is part of their over-summering *** investigated how different fatty acids and lipid classes,including wax esters,changed during over-summering of *** during three cruises in June and August 2011 and November 2010,corresponding to the pre-,during and post-diapause periods,*** amounts of lipids were accumulated,mainly wax esters as previously found in *** during its diapause,and most of the storage lipids were used during *** ester polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs) showed the most variation of the fatty acids(FAs),while the percentage composition of FAs in polar lipids was relatively *** use of wax ester PUFAs has already been shown to play important roles in the winter diapause of Calanus species in other regions,and our FA results show that this is the case for the Yellow Sea Cold Bottom Water(YSCBW) population that diapauses in summer.

关键词： Calanus sinicus lipid wax ester polar lipid polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)

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