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Solute transport and geochemical modeling of the coastal quaternary aquifer, Delta Dahab Basin, South Sinai, Egypt

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 16-39页

作者： Amira Samy Mustafa Eissa Seham Shahen Moustafa M.Said Rabab M.Abou-shahaba division of water Resources and Arid land Department of HydrogeochemistryDesert Research CenterCairoEgypt Egypt Desalination Research Center of Excellence Desert Research CenterCairoEgypt Center for water Supply Studies S&E-Physical&Environmental SciencesTexas A&M University Corpus ChristiCorpus ChristiUSA Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science(Girls)Al-Azhar UniversityYousef Abbas StrNasr CityP.O.Box:11754CairoEgypt

The wadi dahab delta is in a dry, arid coastal zone within Egypt’s south Sinai Peninsula’s eastern portion. The primary water source is the Quaternary coastal alluvial aquifer. The groundwater salinity varies from 890to 8213 mg/L, with a mean value of 3417 mg/L. The dissolved major ions have been used to calculate the seawater mixing index(SWMI) using a linear equation that discriminates the groundwater mostly affected by water–rock interaction(SWMI 1>) and other samples mixed with Seawater(SWMI water for specifically chosen groundwater samples ranges from-0.645‰ to +5.212‰ for δ^(18)O and from-9.582‰ to + 22.778‰ for δ^(2)H, where the seawater represented by a Red Sea water sample(δ^(18)O + 1.64‰-δ^(2)H + 9.80‰) and reject brine water are considerably enriched the isotopic groundwater values. The geochemical NETPATH model constrained by the dissolved significant ions, isotopes, and the rock aquifer forming minerals as phases indicate the mixing percent with the seawater ranges from 9% to 97% of seawater from 91% to 3% of original recharge water. According to the SEAWAT 3-D flow models, seawater has penetrated the Northeastern Dahab delta aquifer, with the intrusion zone extending1500 m inland. The salt dissolution, upwelling of saline water, recharge from the upstream mountain block, and seawater encroachment are the primary aspects contributing to the deterioration of groundwater quality. These findings may have significance for effective groundwater withdrawal management in arid locations worldwide with similar hydrogeological systems.

关键词： Groundwater geochemistry Seawater intrusion Solute transport SEAWAT

Response of runoff and its components to climate change in the Manas River of the Tian Shan Mountains

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 62-74页

作者： Ze-Long YANG Peng BAI Key Laboratory of water Cycle and Related land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10010lChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A warming-wetting climate trend has led to increased runoff in most watersheds in the Tian Shan Mountains over the past few ***,it remains unclear how runoff components,that is,rainfall runoff(Rrain),snowmelt runoff(Rsnow),and glacier meltwater(Rglacier),responded to historical climate change and how they will evolve under future climate change ***,we used a modified Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning(HBV)model and a detrending method to quantify the impact of precipitation and temperature changes on runoff components in the largest river(Manas River)on the northern slope of the Tian Shan Mountains from 1982 to 2015.A multivariate calibration strategy,including snow cover,glacier area,and runoff was implemented to constrain model parameters associated with runoff *** downscaled outputs of 12 general circulation models(GCMs)from the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)were also used to force the modified HBV model to project the response of runoff and its components to future(2016-2100)climate change under three common socio-economic pathways(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585).The results indicate that Rrain dominates mean annual runoff with a proportion of 42%,followed by Rsnow(37%)and Rglacier(21%).In terms of inter-annual variation,Rrain and Rsnow show increasing trends(0.93(p0.05)mm per year),while Rglacier exhibits an insignificant(p>0.05)decreasing trend(-0.12 mm per year),leading to an increasing trend in total runoff(1.12 mm per year,p>0.05).The attribution analysis indicates that changes in precipitation and temperature contribute 8.16 and 10.37 mm,respectively,to the increase in runoff at the mean annual *** wetting(increased precipitation)increases Rrain(5.03 mm)and Rsnow(3.19 mm)but has a limited effect on Rglacier(-0.06 mm),while warming increases Rrain(10.69 mm)and Rglacier(5.79 mm)but decreases Rsnow(-6.12 mm).The negative effect of glacier shrinkage on Rglacier has outweighed the

关键词： Tian Shan Rainfall runoff Snowmelt runoff Glacier meltwater Warming-wetting Tipping point

Effects of the Rainfall-Triggered Lisse Effect on the Stability of Loess Slopes

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1254-1262页

作者： Zhizhou Yang Donghui Cheng Jun Xia School of water and Environment Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and water Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of the Ministry of water Resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Key Laboratory of water Cycle&Related land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China State Key Laboratory of water Resources&Hydropower Engineering Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan430000China

This paper coupled a water-air two-phase hydrodynamic(WATPH)model with the Iverson’s method to analyze the influence of the Lisse effect on the fast groundwater pressure(P_(w))response and the slope ***,the sensitivities of the driving force and loess soil parameters were *** showed that the WATPH model simulated the height and rise of the depth to the water table reasonably *** depth to water table before rainfall(H0)had a significant impact on the Lisse effect and the slope *** the H_(0) was less than approximately 1 m,the rainfall triggered a significant Lisse effect and decreased the slope factor of safety(F_(s)).When the rainfall intensity(R_(i))was higher than the saturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(s)),the Lisse effect and the F_(s) slightly changed with the increase of the R_(i),and the slope tended to be unstable with continuous *** increasing K_(s),the Lisse effect noticeably increased,and the minimum F_(s) quickly *** analysis of the normalized sensitivity coefficient revealed that H_(0) had a dramatic impact on the Lisse effect and loess slope *** different R_(i) and K_(s) values had prominent influences on the Lisse effect and slight impacts on F_(s).

关键词： Lisse effect landslides safety factor rainfall

Biocrusts impact soil properties and ecological stoichiometry characteristics in frozen ground regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第3期6卷 151-162页

作者： Jiao Ming Yunge Zhao Yingying Sun Zhe Liu The Research Center of Soil and water Conservation and Ecological Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of EducationYangling 712100China College of Soil&water Conservation Science and Engineering(Institute of Soil and water Conservation) Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Soil and water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences&Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China Shaanxi Provincial land Engineering Construction Group Co. Ltd.Xi'an 710075China

Biocrusts(BSCs)are widely distributed in frozen ground regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and they are considered an important component of cold ***,the specific impacts of BSCs on frozen soil remains relatively *** aim of our study was to clarify the influence of BSCs(light BSCs and dark BSCs in two different succession stages)on the physical properties and ecological stoichiometry characteristics of frozen *** results showed that BSCs increased the silt particle content in 20–40 cm soil layer,leading to a decrease in soil bulk *** the field water capacity increased about 10%–40%compared to bare ***,BSCs significantly increased the contents of soil organic carbon(SOC,22.6–30.8 g kg^(-1))and total nitrogen(TN,2.1–2.8 g kg^(-1))in the upper 40 cm soil layer,both of them were approximately 1.3–2.0 and 1.3–4.0 times higher than those observed in bare ***,BSCs did not have significant influence on soil total phosphorus(TP).BSCs had a significant impact on the stoichiometric ratios within 40 *** C/N ratios of the two types of BSCs ranged from 8.8 to 13.5,the C/P ratios ranged from 6.6 to 13.8,and the N/P ratios ranged from 0.6 to 1.2,which were all higher than those of the bare *** were no significant differences among the C/N,C/P,and N/P ratios between two types of ***,the increment of C/P and N/P ratios of dark BSCs were significantly higher than those of light BSCs within 0–30 cm,which indicated that a reduction in the availability of phosphorus during the later stages of BSCs *** findings provided a theoretical basis for further research on the ecological functions of BSCs in frozen ground regions.

关键词： biocrusts frozen soil soil properties stoichiometry characteristics Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Spatiotemporal variations in ecosystem services and their trade-offs and synergies against the background of the gully control and land consolidation project on the Loess Plateau,China

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Journal of Arid land 2024年第1期16卷 131-145页

作者： WANG Jing WEI Yulu PENG Biao LIU Siqi LI Jianfeng Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused land Consolidation Engineering Ministry of Natural and ResourcesXi'an 710075China Institute of land Engineering and Technology Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co.Ltd.Xi'an 710021China School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of land Consolidation Xi'an 710064China

Studying the spatiotemporal variations in ecosystem services and their interrelationships on the Loess Plateau against the background of the gully control and land consolidation(GCLC)project has significant implications for ecological protection and quality development of the Yellow River ***,in this study,we took Yan'an City,Shaanxi Province of China,as the study area,selected four typical ecosystem services,including soil conservation service,water yield service,carbon storage service,and habitat quality service,and quantitatively evaluated the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services from 2010 to 2018 using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs(InVEST)*** also analysed the relationship between the GCLC project and regional ecosystem service changes in various regions(including 1 city,2 districts,and 10 counties)of Yan'an City and proposed a coordinated development strategy between the GCLC project and the ecological *** results showed that,from 2010 to 2018,soil conservation service decreased by 7.76%,while the other three ecosystem services changed relatively little,with water yield service increasing by 0.56% and carbon storage service and habitat quality service decreasing by 0.16% and 0.14%,*** ecological environment of Yan'an City developed in a balanced way between 2010 and 2018,and the four ecosystem services showed synergistic relationships,among which the synergistic relationships between soil conservation service and water yield service and between carbon storage service and habitat quality service were *** GCLC project had a negative impact on the ecosystem services of Yan'an City,and the impact on carbon storage service was more *** study provides a theoretical basis for the scientific evaluation of the ecological benefits of the GCLC project and the realization of a win-win situation between food security and e

关键词： ecosystem services trade-offs and synergies gully control and land consolidation habitat quality Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs(InVEST)model Loess Plateau

Assessment of runoff changes in the sub-basin of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin, China based on multiple methods

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Journal of Arid land 2024年第4期16卷 461-482页

作者： WANG Xingbo ZHANG Shuanghu TIAN Yiman Department of water Resources China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100038China College of Hydrology and water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Quantitative assessment of the impact of climate variability and human activities on runoff plays a pivotal role in water resource management and maintaining ecosystem *** study considered six sub-basins in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin,China,to reveal the trend of the runoff evolution and clarify the driving factors of the changes during 1956–*** regression,Mann-Kendall test,and sliding t-test were used to study the trend of the hydrometeorological elements,while cumulative distance level and ordered clustering methods were applied to identify mutation *** contributions of climate change and human disturbance to runoff changes were quantitatively assessed using three methods,i.e.,the rainfall-runoff relationship method,slope variation method,and variable infiltration capacity(Budyko)hypothesis ***,the availability and stability of the three methods were *** results showed that the runoff in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin exhibited a decreasing trend from 1956 to 2020,with an abrupt change in *** attribution analysis,the runoff series could be divided into two phases,i.e.,1961–1985(baseline period)and 1986–2020(changing period);and it was found that the rainfall-runoff relationship method with precipitation as the representative of climate factors had limited usability compared with the other two methods,while the slope variation and Budyko hypothesis methods had highly consistent *** factors showed different effects in the sub-basins of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River ***,human disturbance was the main factor that contributed to the runoff changes,accounting for 53.0%–82.0%;and the contribution of climate factors to the runoff change was 17.0%–47.0%,making it the secondary factor,in which precipitation was the most representative climate *** results provide insights into how climate and anthropogenic changes synergistically influence the runoff of t

关键词： economic belt runoff change influencing assessment climate human activities

The interannual periodicity of precipitation and its links to the large-scale circulations over the Third Pole

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第8期34卷 1457-1471页

作者： LIANG Liqiao LIU Qiang LI Jiuyi State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchCASBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory for water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of EducationSchool of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of water Cycle and Related land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China

To understand the spatio-temporal variability of precipitation(P)in the Third Pole region(centered on the Tibetan Plateau-TP),it is necessary to quantify the interannual periodicity of P and its relationship with large-scale *** this study,Morlet wavelet transform was used to detect significant(pwater *** wavelet transform results were as follows.(1)Significant quasiperiodicity varied from 2 to 11 *** high-frequency variability mode(2 to 6 years quasi-periods)was universal,and the low-frequency variability mode(7 to 11 years quasi-periods)was rare,occurring mainly in the westerlies and Indian monsoon domains.(2)The majority of periods were base periods(53%),followed by two-base *** all stations in the Third Pole(95%)showed one or two periods.(3)Periodicity was widely detected in the majority of years(84%).(4)The power spectra of P in the four domains were dominated by statistically significant high-frequency oscillations(ie.,with short periodicity).(5)Large-scale circulations directly and indirectly influenced the periodic P variability in the different *** mode of P variability in the different domains was influenced by interactions between large-scale circulation features and not only by the dominant circulation and its control of water vapour *** results of this study will contribute to better understanding of the causal mechanisms associated with P variability,which is important for hydrological science and waterresourcemanagement.

关键词： precipitation interannual periodicity Morlet wavelet large-scale circulations Third Pole

Hydrodynamic characteristics and particle tracking of 90° lateral intakes at an inclined river slope

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water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 197-208页

作者： Wei He Si-yuan Feng Jian Zhang Hong-wu Tang Yang Xiao Sheng Chen Chun-sheng Liu College of water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Hydrology water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Collaborative Innovation Center on water Safety and water Science Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Lateral intakes are common in *** pump effciency and sediment deposition are determined by the local hydrodynamic characteristics and mainstream division *** hydraulic characteristics of lateral withdrawal from inclined river slopes at different intake elevations should be ***,the division width exhibits significant vertical non-uniformity at an inclined river slope,which should be ***,a three-dimensional(3-D)hydrodynamic and particle-tracking model was developed with the Open Source Field Operation and Manipulation(Open FOAM),and the model was validated with physical model tests for 90°lateral withdrawal from an inclined side *** flow fields,withdrawal sources,and division widths were investigated with different intake bottom elevations,withdrawal discharges,and main channel *** study showed that under inclined side bank conditions,water entered the intake at an oblique angle,causing significant 3-D spiral flows in the intake rather than two-dimensional closed recirculation.A lower withdrawal discharge,a lower bottom elevation of the intake,or a higher main channel velocity could further strengthen this *** average division width and turbulent kinetic energy were smaller under inclined side bank conditions than under vertical bank *** a low intake bottom elevation,a low withdrawal discharge,or a high main channel velocity,the sources of lateral withdrawal were in similar ranges near the local inclined bank in the vertical *** inclined slope conditions,sediment deposition near the intake entrance could be reduced,compared to that under vertical slope *** results provide hydrodynamic and sediment references for engineering designs for natural rivers with inclined terrains.

关键词： Lateral withdrawal Hydrodynamic characteristics Particle tracking Inclined river slope Bottom elevation of intake OpenFOAM

Dewatering of Scenedesmus obliquus Cultivation Substrate with Microfiltration:Potential and Challenges for water Reuse and Effective Harvesting

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 155-163页

作者： Marco Malaguti Lorenzo Craveri Francesco Ricceri Vincenzo Riggio Mariachiara Zanetti Alberto Tiraferri Department of Environment Land and Infrastructure EngineeringPolitecnico di TorinoTorino 10129Italy Clean water Center Politecnico di TorinoTorino 10129Italy

In the microalgae harvesting process,which includes a step for dewatering the algal suspension,directly reusing extracted water in situ would decrease the freshwater footprint of cultivation *** various algae harvesting techniques,membrane-based filtration has shown numerous *** study evaluated the reuse of permeate streams derived from Scenedesmus obliquus(***)biomass filtration under bench-scale and pilot-scale *** particular,this study identified a series of challenges and mechanisms that influence the water reuse potential and the robustness of the membrane harvesting *** a preliminary phase of this investigation,the health status of the initial biomass was found to have important implications for the harvesting performance and quality of the permeate stream to be reused;healthy biomass ensured better dewatering performance(i.e.,higher water fluxes)and higher quality of the permeate water streams.A series of bench-scale filtration experiments with different combinations of cross-flow velocity and pressure values were performed to identify the operative conditions that would maximize water *** selected conditions,2.4 m·s^(-1)and 1.4 bar(1 bar=105 Pa),respectively,were then applied to drive pilot-scale microfiltration tests to reuse the collected permeate as a new cultivation medium for *** growth in a pilot-scale *** investigation revealed key differences between the behavior of the membrane systems at the two scales(bench and pilot).It indicated the potential for beneficial reuse of the permeate stream as the pilot-scale experiments ensured high harvesting performance and growth rates of biomass in permeate water that were highly similar to those recorded in the ideal cultivation ***,different nutrient reintegration protocols were investigated,revealing that both macro-and micro-nutrient levels are critical for the success of the reuse approach.

关键词： Scenedesmus obliquus Microfiltration Permeate reuse Harvesting Microalgae Pilot-scale