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Practical configured microtremor array measurements(MAMs)for the geological investigation of underground space

Underground Space 2021年第3期6卷 240-251页

作者： Taeseo Ku Subramaniam Palanidoss Yunhuo Zhang Sung-Woo Moon Xiao Wei Ean Seong Huang Jeyatharan Kumarasamy Kok Hun Goh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore Geotechnical and Tunnel Division Land Transport AuthoritySingapore Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nazarbayev UniversityKazakhstan Geosystems Land Transport AuthoritySingapore Infrastructure Design and land Land Transport AuthoritySingapore

Underground space utilization is becoming increasingly essential for modern metropolitan cities such as *** a soil/rock interface using traditional borehole investigation methods is expensive and difficult,owing to the numerous physical constraints within a built-up *** are often far apart,resulting in many unforeseen ground conditions during subsequent *** methods are sometimes employed as possible alternatives for fast,economical,and efficient bedrock *** goal of this study is to investigate the practical details of applying microtremor array measurement(MAM)as a non-invasive surface wave survey for mapping soil/rock interfaces in *** configurations in field data acquisition are examined,and practical recommendations for array construction are *** addition,30 in situ MAM tests are carried out for two major geological formations in *** the results,a standard shear wave velocity(V_(s))of 500 m/s is found to be suitable for interpreting the soil/rock interface,for the Bukit Timah Granite and Jurong ***,the method does not predict well when soft Kallang formation deposits are *** limitations are also discussed in the later parts of this *** and practical recommendations are discussed,providing constructive guidance to the *** proposed Vs-based method and associated guidelines and limitations can be used to create a digital geological database and are especially useful for rock profiling in an urban environment.

关键词： Array configuration MAM Non-invasive site investigation Soil/rock interface Surface wave survey

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Performance of braced excavation in residual soil with groundwater drawdown

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Underground Space 2018年第2期3卷 150-165页

作者： W.G.Zhang A.T.C.Goh K.H.Goh O.Y.S.Chew D.Zhou Runhong Zhang Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina School of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina School of Civil and Envirormental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Civil Design Division Land Transport AuthoritySingapore Geotechmical cand Tunnels Division Land Transport AuthoritySingapore

In densely built-up Singapore,relatively stiffsecant-bored piles and diaphragm walls are commonly used in cut-and-cover works to minimize the impact of ground movement on the adjacent structures and *** excavations in stiffresidual soil deposits,the asso-ciated wall deﬂections and ground settlements are generally smaller than for excavations in soft soil ***,if the residual soil permeability is high and the underlying rock is highlyﬁssured or fractured,substantial groundwater drawdown and associated seepage-induced settlement may *** this study,the excavation performance of four sites in residual soil deposits with maximum excavation depths between 20 and 24 m is *** maximum wall deﬂections were found to be relatively small compared to the signiﬁcantly larger maximum ground settlements,owing to the extensive lowering of the groundwater *** this paper,details of the subsurface conditions,excavation support system,ﬁeld instrumentation,and observed excavation responses are presented,with particular focus on the large groundwater drawdown and associated ground ***ﬁc issues encountered during the excavation,as well as the effectiveness of various groundwater control measures,are *** case studies will provide useful references and insights for future projects involving braced excavations in residual soil.

关键词： Residual soil Braced excavation Wall deﬂection Ground settlements Groundwater drawdown Strut force

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Determination of hydraulic conductivity of fractured rock masses:A case study for a rock cavern project in Singapore

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2015年第2期7卷 178-184页

作者： Zhipeng Xu Zhiye Zhao Jianping Sun Ming Lu School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Thomson Line Division of Rail Group Land Transport Authority

In order to reduce the risk associated with water seepage in an underground rock cavern project inSingapore, a reliable hydro-geological model should be established based on the in situ investigationdata. The key challenging issue in the hydro-geological model building is how to integrate limitedgeological and hydro-geological data to determine the hydraulic conductivity of the fractured rockmasses. Based on the data obtained from different stages （feasibility investigation stage, constructionstage, and post-construction stage）, suitable models and methods are proposed to determine the hydraulicconductivities at different locations and depths, which will be used at other locations in thefuture. 2015 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Production and hosting byElsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rock caverns Hydraulic conductivity Fractured rock masses Seepage analysis

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Construction of Rail Tunnels Using Slurry Machines on Circle Line Stage 3,Singapore

Construction of Rail Tunnels Using Slurry Machines on Circle...

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2007第三届上海国际隧道工程研讨会

作者： Chun Nam Ow Kulaindran Ariaratnam Seah Tiong Peng land transport authority Singapore land transport authority Singapore land transport authority Singapore

＜正＞The land transport authority （LTA） of Singapore is responsible for the im- plementation of the Mass Rapid Transit （MRT） System on the *** con- struction for the rail network in Singapore commenced in the early 1980s,and to-date,a total route length of 138km of rail has been *** rail network is currently being ex- panded with the Circle Line （CCL） Project and when ready,29 underground stations and 34km of route length will be added to the existing rail transit network. Circle Line Stage 3,which forms part of the CCL Project,comprises 5 stations and 5.7km of tunnel route *** tunnel construction for this stage of the CCL Project was extremely *** was due mainly to the mixed ground conditions directly below a significant number of houses over the bored tunnel alignment.A decision was made to procure *** of Slurry Tunnel Boring Machines （TBMs）,used for the first time in Singapore’s rail tunnel construction *** use of Slurry TBMs necessitated treatment of excavated material and its effluent prior to disposal and discharge into public drain respectively to meet the stringent requirements of the National Environment Agency （NEA）.This paper describes the challenges faced during the course of bored tunnelling, the environmental considerations with the use of slurry treatment plant and LTA’s risk management methodology for tunnelling beneath houses.

关键词： rail tunnel tslurry machine tunnelling

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Centrifuge study on behavior of raft foundation after tunnelling in soft clay

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Underground Space 2024年第4期17卷 161-169页

作者： Jian Yu Jiaming Liu Chun Fai Leung Maosong Huang Qi Wen Jorgin Tan Department of Geotechnical Engineering Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of EducationTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Centre for Offshore Research and Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNational University of Singapore119077Singapore land transport authority 219428Singapore

Ground losses due to tunneling would induce settlement of nearby raft *** study the change in behavior of the raft foundations over time due to tunnel excavation in soft clay,a series of centrifuge model tests were *** results reveal that the raft stiffness has a significant influence on the development of the gap between the raft and the *** width of the gap beneath the flexible foundation would increase over time,leading to a further increase in tensile strain after excavation,whereas the gap for raft foundations with a large stiffness would reduce with time,causing a gradual decrease in tensile *** modification factor(MF)design approach is also evaluated with the test results and demonstrates that the MF design approach would underestimate the tensile strain of the flexible raft and provide a relatively conservative prediction for larger stiffnesses.

关键词： Tunnelling Raft Clay Deflection ratio Centrifuge test

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Critical Measures Adopted to Minimize Environment Impact in Holland Village Station Construction of Singapore Metro Circle Line Stage 4

Critical Measures Adopted to Minimize Environment Impact in ...

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地下工程建设与环境和谐发展——第四届中国国际隧道工程研讨会

作者： Edmund Ting land transport authority Singapore 219428

Metro lines always run along heavy residential and commercial corridor,how to alleviate disruption of nearby residents and minimize environment impact are the major challenges faced by project *** part of C855 Singapore Circle Line(CCL), Holland Village(HLV) Station is strategically located at the T-junction between Holland Road and Holland *** maintain public traffic flow,protect affected utilities and minimize impact on proximate buildings,a string of measures were implemented,which transferred the extremely standard 2-storey underground metro station construction into one of most challenging jobs. This paper describes the various approaches adopted for minimize environment impact in the course of HLV development including traffic diversion scheme,utilities protection conception,Willyn Ville S47 underpinning and contingency measures for TBM drive etc. This paper aims to capture findings and lessons learned from this work and hopes they will be useful reference material for future similar construction works.

关键词： MRT station traffic diversion utilities support underpinning work TBM drive

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Prediction of Shear Bond Strength of Asphalt Concrete Pavement Using Machine Learning Models and Grid Search Optimization Technique

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 691-712页

作者： Quynh-Anh Thi Bui Dam Duc Nguyen Hiep Van Le Indra Prakash Binh Thai Pham Civil Engineering Department University of Transport Technology54 Trieu KhucThanh XuanHanoi100000Vietnam DDG(R)Geological Survey of India Gandhinagar382010India

Determination of Shear Bond strength(SBS)at interlayer of double-layer asphalt concrete is crucial in flexible pavement *** study used three Machine Learning(ML)models,including K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN),Extra Trees(ET),and Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LGBM),to predict SBS based on easily determinable input ***,the Grid Search technique was employed for hyper-parameter tuning of the ML models,and cross-validation and learning curve analysis were used for training the *** models were built on a database of 240 experimental results and three input variables:temperature,normal pressure,and tack coat *** validation was performed using three statistical criteria:the coefficient of determination(R2),the Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),and the mean absolute error(MAE).Additionally,SHAP analysis was also used to validate the importance of the input variables in the prediction of the *** show that these models accurately predict SBS,with LGBM providing outstanding ***(Shapley Additive explanation)analysis for LGBM indicates that temperature is the most influential factor on ***,the proposed ML models can quickly and accurately predict SBS between two layers of asphalt concrete,serving practical applications in flexible pavement structure design.

关键词： Shear bond asphalt pavement grid search optimization machine learning

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Quantitative crack evaluation in slender reinforced concrete walls with rectangular section

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2024年第4期3卷 1-20页

作者： Priyana Rajbhandari Chanipa Netrattana Taku Obara Kono Susumu Department of Architecture and Building Engineering Tokyo Institute of TechnologyJapan National Institute for land and Infrastructure Management Ministry of LandInfrastructureTransportand TourismJapan Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of TechnologyJapan

Past earthquakes have shown that cracking affects post-earthquake functionality and accounted for huge repair costs for reinforced concrete(RC)wall buildings,even though the code-compliant seismic design prevents *** should know the maximum residual flexural crack width and volume of repair material needed for the flexural cracks to determine the damage degree and the repair *** paper presents the experimental campaign on four RC slender walls that investigated the effect of confining reinforcement and thickness of the wall on flexural crack parameters under quasi-static reversed cyclic *** width of all flexural cracks was measured when reaching each cycle peak drift and when unloading to zero lateral *** widths at peak and residual states increased with increasing peak *** on the experimental observations,it was found that the maximum residual crack width is obtained as a simple function of the extreme tension fiber elongation of the wall tensile fiber within±30%*** addition,this paper outlines methods to calculate the volume of repair material for flexural cracks from the extreme tension fiber elongation of the *** the funda-mental rules found from the experiment in this paper,it will become possible to obtain the maximum crack width and the volume of repair material from simple numerical analysis tools such as a multi-spring line element model.

关键词： Flexural crack Residual crack RC wall Damage evaluation Crack width Crack length

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New acoustic system for continuous measurement of river discharge and water temperature

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Water Science and Engineering 2010年第1期3卷 47-55页

作者： Kiyosi KAWANISI Arata KANEKO Shinya NIGO Mohammad SOLTANIASL Mahmoud F. MAGHREBI Graduate School of Engineering Hiroshima University Ministry of land InfrastructureTransport and Tourism(Kitaku) Civil Engineering Department Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

In many cases, river discharge is indirectly estimated from water level or streamflow velocity near the water surface. However, these methods have limited applicability. In this study, an innovative system, the fluvial acoustic tomography system （FATS）, was used for continuous discharge measurement. Transducers with a central frequency of 30 kHz were installed diagonally across the river. The system＇s significant functions include accurate measurement of the travel time of the transmission signal using a GPS clock and the attainment of a high signal-to-noise ratio as a result of modulation of the signal by the 10th order M-sequence. In addition, FATS is small and lightweight, and its power consumption is low. Operating in unsteady streamflow, FATS successfully measured the cross-sectional average velocity. The agreement between FATS and acoustic Doppler current profilers （ADCPs） on water discharge was satisfactory. Moreover, the temporal variation of the cross-sectional average temperature deduced from the sound speed of FATS was similar to that measured by a temperature sensor near the bank.

关键词： streamflow fluvial acoustic tomography cross-sectional average velocity unsteadyflow water temperature

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Developing a Comprehensive Taxi Strategy for Dubai: Based on System Analysis &Structured Assessment

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Journal of transportation Technologies 2017年第3期7卷 261-278页

作者： Abdulla Al Ali Khaled Abbas Mohammad Mazin Public transport Agency Roads & Transport Authority Dubai UAE

Taxi plays an important role in providing passenger mobility. Taxi services are among the most frequently used passenger transport services in many cities in the world. Taxis are an integral part of a city’s image. In a recent IRU/EU report taxis are considered as part of the collective public transport chain. In this context taxis role is a complementary mobility option to public transport rather than a competitive one. In the growing city of Dubai taxis are utilized by many local and foreign residences as well as by tourists and visitors. The annual number of taxi trips reached 104 million trips in 2016, while the fleet is growing currently at 9613 and is expected to reach around 12,765 by 2020. Riding a taxi in Dubai is known to be pleasant, comfortable, convenient and relatively affordable experience. The Roads and transport authority (RTA) is the Dubai government authority responsible for the planning and governance of the taxi sector in Dubai. The RTA through its agency namely the Public transport Agency (PTA) exercises such roles. This research is meant to provide a system analysis and structured assessment of the taxi sector in Dubai with the objective of identifying strengths and gaps as well as reviewing the literature and conducting stakeholder consultation hence culminating on developing a comprehensive taxi strategy in Dubai. Such strategy would be targeted to achieve customer satisfaction leading eventually to customer happiness. All in all this is expected to provide an added value and benefit to the business planning for PTA as well as for the overall strategic and futuristic planning by RTA.

关键词： Taxi Strategy System Analysis Structured Assessment Dubai

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