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Herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid interferes with MAP kinase signaling in Fusarium graminearum and is inhibitory to fungal growth and pathogenesis

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Stress Biology 2023年第1期3卷 345-361页

作者： Kaili Duan Qifang Shen Yu Wang Ping Xiang Yutong Shi Chenfei Yang Cong Jiang Guanghui Wang Jin-Rong Xu Xue Zhang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Plant hormones are important for regulating growth,development,and plant-pathogen *** of them are inhibitory to growth of fungal pathogens but the underlying mechanism is not *** this study,we found that hyphal growth of Fusarium graminearum was significantly reduced by high concentrations of IAA and its metabolically stable analogue 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D).Besides inhibitory effects on growth rate,treatments with 2,4-D also caused significant reduction in conidiation,conidium germination,and germ tube *** with 2,4-D had no obvious effect on sexual reproduction but significantly reduced TRI gene expression,toxisome formation,and DON *** importantly,treatments with 2,4-D were inhibitory to infection structure formation and pathogenesis at concentrations higher than 100μ*** presence of 1000μM 2,4-D almost completely inhibited plant infection and invasive *** ***,2,4-D induced ROS accumulation and FgHog1 activation but reduced the phosphorylation level of Gpmk1 MAP *** analysis showed that the accumulation of a number of metabolites such as glycerol and arabitol was increased by 2,4-D treatment in the wild type but not in the Fghog1 *** expressing the dominant active FgPBS2^(S451D T455D) allele were less sensitive to 2,4-D and had elevated levels of intracellular glycerol and arabitol induced by 2,4-D in *** together,our results showed that treatments with 2,4-D interfere with two important MAP kinase pathways and are inhibitory to hyphal growth,DON biosynthesis,and plant infection in ***.

关键词： Fungal pathogenesis MAP kinase pathways 2,4-D,Fusarium graminearum

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Chitosan biopolymer-derived self-powered triboelectric sensor with optimized performance through molecular surface engineering and data-driven learning

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InfoMat 2019年第1期1卷 116-125页

作者： Chenxiang Ma Shengjie Gao Xinqi Gao Min Wu Ruoxing Wang Yixiu Wang Zhiyuan Tang Fengru Fan Wenxuan Wu Hong Wan Wenzhuo Wu School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana Department of Applied Chemistry School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Flex Laboratory Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCalifornia Department of Research&Development Shenzhen Broadthink Advanced Materials Technologies Co.Ltd.ShenzhenGuangdongChina Edward P.Fitts Department of Industrial&Systems Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana

The state-of-the-art triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)are constructed with synthetic polymers,curtailing their application prospects and relevance in sustainable *** economically viable transformation and engineering of naturally abundant materials into efficient TENGs for mechanical energy harvesting is meaningful not only for fundamental scientific exploration,but also for addressing societal *** an abundant natural biopolymer,chitosan enables exciting opportunity for low-cost,biodegradable TENG ***,the electrical outputs of chitosan-based TENGs are low compared with the devices built with synthetic ***,we explore the facile molecular surface engineering in chitosan to significantly boost the performance of chitosan-based TENG for enabling the practical applications,for example,self-powered car speed *** molecular surface engineering offers a potentially promising scheme for designing and implementing high-performance biopolymer-based TENGs for selfpowered nanosystems in sustainable *** further explore for the first time the feasibility of data mining approaches to analyze and learn the acquired triboelectric signals from the car speed sensors and predict the relationship between the triboelectric signals and car speed values.

关键词： performance polymer surface

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Gene flow among wild and cultivated common walnut(Juglans regia)trees in the Qinling Mountains revealed by microsatellite markers

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2189-2201页

作者： Huijuan Zhou Peng Zhao Keith Woeste Shuoxin Zhang college of Forestry Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710069People’s Republic of China USDA Forest Service Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center(HTIRC) Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue University715 West State StreetWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Patterns of gene flow and gene introgres sion can be used to assess the risk of genetic pollution of wild forest trees from widespread cultivated trees.A comprehensive understanding of the genetic relationships and levels of gene flow among wild and cultivated common walnut(Juglans regia)has become an urgent *** twelve microsatellite markers,we investigated the genetic diversity and gene flow between cultivated and wild trees of *** in the Qinling Mountains,China.A high level of genetic variation was detected in both cultivated and wild *** mean number of alleles per locus was *** heterozygosity(HO)and expected heterozygosity(HE)were 0.777 and 0.800,*** of mother trees was not by nearest neighbors,and a paternity of 60.7%of offspring evaluated could not be assigned to a local,sampled *** flow from cultivated trees to wild trees was infrequent(5.4%),and selfing rates ranged from zero to 25.0%.Male parents were located from 0 to 1005 m from their female partners,with an average pollination distance of 285.1 *** results are discussed in light of the cultivated species’diversity,outlining the frequent spontaneous genetic contributions from the wild to the cultivated *** addition,the pollen flow parameters provide useful information about the dynamics of pollen movement within *** populations.

关键词： Genetic diversity Juglans regia Mating patterns Microsatellites Pollen flow

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The tribological behavior of a surface-nanocrystallized magnesium alloy AZ31 sheet after ultrasonic shot peening treatment

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第4期9卷 1190-1203页

作者： Jianyue Zhang Yongxin Jian Xuzhe Zhao Dean Meng Fusheng Pan Qingyou Han School of Engineering Technology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049PR China Böllhoff Inc TroyMI 48084USA School of Automobile Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064PR China college of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045PR China

A magnesium alloy AZ31 sheet was processed by ultrasonic shot peening treatment to fabricate a surface nanocrystalline,and a ball-on-disk dry sliding wear test was performed to evaluate the tribological behavior after *** microstructure observation indicated a gradient nanocrystalline structure was formed after USSP *** microhardness at the top surface was improved from 60 HV to 145 HV after *** formed nanocrystalline resulted in an easy formation of MgO patches on the surface and reduced the coefficient of ***,the formed nanocrystalline leaded to a retard of delamination with increasing the sliding speed and applied load,which was due to its stronger *** high sliding speed(0.5 m/s)and high applied load(50 N),it was firstly found that the formed nanocrystalline prevented the happening of thermal softening and *** possible reasons accounting for the prevention of thennal softening and melting were discussed accordingly.

关键词： AZ31Mg alloy Ultrasonic shot peening Surface-nanocrystallization Wear mechanism

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High-Frequency Observations of Oceanic Internal Waves from Geostationary Orbit Satellites

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Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research 2023年第1期2卷 285-297页

作者： Longyu Huang Jingsong Yang Zetai Ma Bingqing Liu Lin Ren Antony K.Liu Peng Chen Ocean college Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China School of Geosciences University of Louisiana at LafayetteLafayetteLA 70504USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD 20771USA

The Geostationary Orbiting Satellite(GOS)offers extensive opportunities for the study of oceanic internal waves(IWs)through high-frequency *** this study,the spatial and temporal distributions of sunglint from 3 GOSs(Himawari-8,FY-4A,and GK-2A)were calculated,and the observation times of IWs in various seas were also *** GOS can continuously observe IWs at a frequency of 10 min for 2 to 3 *** demonstrated by the application to IWs in the Andaman Sea,the GOS effectively captures the surface features of IWs,including soliton number,the length and wavelength of the leading wave,and the speed and direction of ***,the GOS can be used to track the dynamic processes of IWs within a short duration and provide more accurate“instantaneous”phase *** the case of the Indonesian Seas,the average error of the GOS-derived phase speeds is 0.13 m/s compared to the Korteweg–de Vries phase ***,a 7-day observation from FY-4A suggests the possibility of diurnal IWs in the Sulu *** advent of high-temporal-resolution GOS provides an enriched dataset for oceanic IW studies,which will contribute greatly to a more comprehensive understanding of IW mechanisms.

关键词： Internal Observation enriched

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Genome Engineering in Rice Using Cas9 Variants that Recognize NG PAM Sequences

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Molecular Plant 2019年第7期12卷 1003-1014页

作者： Kai Hua Xiaoping Tao Peijin Han Rui Wang Jian-Kang Zhu Shanghai Center for Plaint Stress Biology CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China college of Life Sciences Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing relies on sgRNA-target DNA base pairing and a short downstream PAM sequence to recognize target DNA. The strict protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) requirement hinders applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system since it restricts the targetable sites in the genomes. xCas9 and SpCas9-NG are two recently engineered SpCas9 variants that can recognize more relaxed NG PAMs, implying a great potential in addressing the issue of PAM constraint. Here we use stable transgenic lines to evaluate the efficacies of xCas9 and SpCas9-NG in performing gene editing and base editing in rice. We found that xCas9 can efficiently induce mutations at target sites with NG and GAT PAM sequences in rice. However, base editors containing xCas9 failed to edit most of the tested target sites. SpCas9-NG exhibited a robust editing activity at sites with various NG PAMs without showing any preference for the third nucleotide after NG. Moreover, we showed that xCas9 and SpCas9-NG have higher specificity than SpCas9 at the CGG PAM site. We further demonstrated that different forms of cytosine or adenine base editors containing SpCas9-NG worked efficiently in rice with broadened PAM compatibility. Taken together, our work has yielded versatile genome-engineering tools that will significantly expand the target scope in rice and other crops.

关键词： gene knockout base editing xCas9 SpCas9-NG rice

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Observer-Based Adaptive Robust Precision Motion Control of a Multi-Joint Hydraulic Manipulator

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1213-1226页

作者： Zheng Chen Shizhao Zhou Chong Shen Litong Lyu Junhui Zhang Bin Yao State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027 Ocean college Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China School of Mechanical Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050000 State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907 USA

Hydraulic manipulators are usually applied in heavy-load and harsh operation ***,when faced with a complex operation,the traditional proportional-integral-derivative(PID)control may not meet requirements for high control ***-based full-state-feedback control is an effective alternative,but the states of a hydraulic manipulator are not always available and reliable in practical applications,particularly the joint angular velocity *** that it is not suitable to obtain the velocity signal directly from differentiating of position measurement,the low-pass filtering is commonly used,but it will definitely restrict the closed-loop bandwidth of the whole *** avoid this problem and realize better control performance,this paper proposes a novel observerbased adaptive robust controller(obARC)for a multi-joint hydraulic manipulator subjected to both parametric uncertainties and the lack of accurate velocity ***,a nonlinear adaptive observer is first designed to handle the lack of velocity measurement with the consideration of parametric ***,the adaptive robust control is developed to compensate for the dynamic uncertainties,and the close-loop system robust stability is theoretically proved under the observation and control ***,comparative experiments are carried out to show that the designed controller can achieve a performance improvement over the traditional methods,specifically yielding better control accuracy owing to the closed-loop bandwidth breakthrough,which is limited by low-pass filtering in fullstate-feedback control.

关键词： handle Observer filtering

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Increasing the Solubility of a Hydrophobic Molecule with Thymine-like Face by DNA via Supramolecular Interaction

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2020年第2期36卷 281-284页

作者： SHI Peijun ZHANG Zhe LIU Mingchun SUN Teng HE Xiaoyan MAO Chengde FANG Liang ZUO Hua National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education(Southwest Universityj College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715P.R.China Department of Oncology the Ninth People’s Hospital of ChongqingChongqing 400700P.R.China Department of Chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA

Poor water-solubility of hydrophobic drugs greatly hampers drug design and creats delivery *** traditional way to improve the solubility is to add hydrotropes or excipients to supress ***,a novel mechanisim has been proposed based on supramolecular interactions and demonstrated with a small molecule,pvromellitic diimide(PD).This compound contains thymine-like ‘face’ and can interact with adenines through Wat-son-Crick and Hoogsteen *** the high water solubility of poly adenines[poly(A)],it is expectec that poly(A)will greatly increase the PD ***,such an increased solubility was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-Vis)and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE)*** believe that this strategy could be used to improve the solubility of other similar hydrophobic molecules.

关键词： Polyadenine[poly(A)] Pyromellitic diimide Hydrogen bond force Increased solubility

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Vocal performance reflects individual quality in male Great Himalayan leaf-nosed bats(Hipposideros armiger)

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第5期17卷 731-740页

作者： Congnan SUN Chunmian ZHANG Jeffrey RLUCAS Hao GU Jiang FENG Tinglei JIANG Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Education Ministry Institute of Grassland ScienceNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina Department of Biological Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteUSA college of Life Science Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchunChina

Signals containing parameter trade-offs are likely to be honest indicators of signaler quality because they are difﬁcult to *** with a trill-rate/bandwidth trade-off have been described for many songbird species,one mouse,and one non-human primate ***,there were no reports about whether there is a vocal performance trade-off in social calls of *** study investigated(1)a possible vocal performance trade-off in territorial calls of male Great Himalayan leaf-nosed bats,Hipposideros armiger,recorded from 9 locations in south China,and(2)the relationships between vocal performance(vocal deviation and consistency)and caller’s quality(body mass)to determine whether vocal performance honestly indicates a caller’s *** deviation measures the deviation of a call relative to an extreme call and vocal consistency measures the spectral consistency across a string of *** results showed a signiﬁcant negative correlation between syllable repetition rate and frequency bandwidth,suggesting a vocal performance trade-off similar to the one in ***,there was a signiﬁcant negative relationship between body mass and vocal deviation,but no signiﬁcant correlation between body mass and vocal *** study provides theﬁrst empirical evidence for a vocal performance trade-off of social calls in bats,and the potential for the level of performance to indicate caller quality.

关键词： bats male quality territorial calls trade-off vocal performance

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Strong support effect induced by MXene for the synthesis of metal sulfides nanosheet arrays with sulfur vacancies towards selective CO_(2)-to-CO photoreduction

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Science Bulletin 2024年第20期69卷 3247-3259页

作者： Guanshun Xie Le Liao Jie Wang Peng Zhang Benhua Xu Xiuqiang Xie Chi Chen Babak Anasori Nan Zhang college of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of New Light Alloys Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China Chemical Engineering college Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China School of Materials Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907USA

Selective CO_(2)-to-CO photoreduction is under intensive research and requires photocatalysts with tuned microstructures to accelerate the reaction ***,we report CuInS_(2)nanosheet arrays with sulfur vacancies(VS)grown on the two-dimensional(2D)support of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene for CO_(2)-to-CO *** results reveal that the use of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)induces strong support effect,which causes the hierarchical nanosheet arrays growth of CuInS_(2)and simultaneously leads to charge transfer from CuInS_(2)to Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)support,resulting in VSformed in CuInS_(2).The strong support effect based on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)is proven to be applicable to prepare a series of different metal indium sulfide arrays with ***_(2)nanosheet arrays with VSsupported on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)benefit the photocatalytic selective reduction of CO_(2)to CO,manifesting a remarkable over 14.8-fold activity enhancement compared with pure CuInS_(2).The experimental and computational investigations pinpoint that VSof CuInS_(2)resulting from the support effect of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)lowers the barrier of the rate-limiting step of^(*)COOH→^(*)OH+^(*)CO,which is the key to the photoactivity *** work demonstrates MXene support effects and offers an effective approach to regulate the atomic microstructure of metal sulfides toward enhancing photocatalytic performance.

关键词： Metal sulfides Sulfur vacancies Nanosheet arrays Support effect Selective photocatalytic CO_(2)-to-CO reduction

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