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Effect of age on reproductive attributes of an aphidophagous ladybird, Cheilomenes sexmaculata

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Insect Science 2006年第4期13卷 301-308页

作者： OMKAR SATYENDRA K. SINGH KALPANA SINGH ladybird research laboratory Department of Zoology University of Lucknow Lucknow India

The effect of both male and female age was investigated on certain reproductive attributes, viz. mating incidence, mating duration, fecundity, percent egg viability, ratio of reproductive and non-reproductive periods and reproductive rate, of an aphidophagous ladybird, Cheilomenes sexmaculata （Fabricius）. Females started mating at the age of 8 hours post-emergence （PE） and males at the age of 2 days PE. Mating in the laboratory was a maledominated phenomenon. The mating duration and reproductive rate of 10-day-old females when mated with males of varying ages increased up to the male age of 60 days, and thereafter decreased, whereas, fecundity, egg viability and ratio of reproductive and non-reproductive periods increased up to the male age of 50 days, and thereafter declined. However, when females of varying ages were mated with 10-day-old males, fecundity and reproductive rate increased up to 40 days of female age, respectively, then decreased. The ratio of reproductive and non-reproductive periods increased with increasing age of females. Mating age for optimal reproductive output was 10-50-day-old males and NE to 40-day-old females. Reproductive cessation in males was recorded after 50 days PE, whereas in females at the age of 40 days PE. Higher mating durations lead to elevated reproductive rates. Delay in the reproductive phase was positively correlated with longevity. The results of this study may aid mass multiplication of this ladybird by identifying and promoting usage of adults of optimal age, Our results also enhance our understanding of the effect of age on reproductive attributes in ladybirds.

关键词： age Cheilomenes sexmaculata egg viability fecundity ladybird longevity,protogyny reproduction reproductive rate

Evaluation of Darwin＇s fecundity advantage hypothesis in Parthenium beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata

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Insect Science 2013年第4期20卷 531-540页

作者： Omkar and Uzma Afaq ladybird research laboratory Department of Zoology University of Lucknow Lucknow 226007 India

In the Parthenium beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister （Coleoptera： Chrysomelidae）, variation in body size exists between and within the sexes. The females are larger than the males. Darwin （1874） proposed the fecundity advantage hypothesis, that is, large-sized females produce more progeny, with subsequent studies supporting, as well as, refuting the hypothesis. Thus, in order to evaluate whether this hypothesis stands in Z. bicolorata we performed experiments to investigate the role of body size in influencing：（i） assortative mating; （ii） reproductive attributes; and （iii） growth, development and survival of offspring. It is the first attempt in this beetle. We found that size influenced assortative mating, reproductive output and offspring fitness. Larger males and females were preferred as mates over smaller ones. The pairs, having larger adults as mates, had higher fecundity, while the egg viability was influenced by the male size only. The offspring of larger parents had fast development and higher survival, indicating thereby possible better nutrient allotment by the female and supply of accessory gland proteins by the male in addition to better quality of genes.

关键词： body size development fecundity offspring fitness reproductive success

Effect of photoperiod on slow and fast developing individuals in aphidophagous ladybirds, Menochilus sexmaculatus and Propylea dissecta （Coleoptera： Coccinellidae）

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Insect Science 2016年第1期23卷 117-133页

作者： Neha Singh Geetanjali Mishra Omkar ladybird research laboratory Department of Zoology University of Lucknow Lucknow 226007 India

The effects of environmental parameters on insect development have been studied extensively. But the reasons for 2 differential developmental rates within same cohort under varying environmental factors have not been explored. For the purpose, in this study the existence and stability of slow and fast development under 5 photoperiods （i.e., 8L： 16D, 10L ： 14D, 12L ： 12D, 14L ： 10D and 16L ： 8D; light and dark hours per day） and its effect on body mass and reproductive attributes in 2 aphidophagous ladybirds, Menochilus sexmaculatus （Fabricius） and Propylea dissecta （Mulsant） was examined on Aphis craccivora Koch at 27 4- 1 ~C temperature. A clear bimodal （2 peaks, where the first peak represented the fast developing and the 2nd peak slow developing individuals） pattern of distribution at each photoperiod was found. The proportion of slow and fast developing individuals in a cohort differed with photoperiods. The slow developing individuals were more in numbers at 8L ： 16D, in equal numbers at 14L ： 10D and in less numbers at 16L： 8D, indicating that the variation in emergence was owing to exogenous cues influenced differential rates of mortality. Slow developing individuals had female biased sex ratio, higher longevity and lower body mass than fast developing individuals. Fast developing females laid higher numbers of eggs with higher egg viability than slow developing females. Study of such variations in development at different photoperiods is helpful to understand its role in the development of insects particularly ladybirds and permits the selection of fast developing bioagents for their use in biocontrol of pest species.

关键词： Coccinellidae developmental duration Menochilus sexmaculatus photoperiod Propylea dissecta slow : fast emergence

Survival, development and life tables of two congeneric ladybirds in aphidophagous guilds

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Insect Science 2006年第2期13卷 119-126页

作者： AVANISH K. GUPTA SHEFALI SRIVASTAVA GEETANJALI MISHRA KALPANA SINGH OMKAR ladybird research laboratory Department of Zoology University of Lucknow Lucknow India

Two congeneric aphidophagous ladybirds, Coccinella septempunctata and Coccinella transversalis, were reared on three aphid species, Lipaphis erysimi, Myzus persicae and Aphis nerii, to estimate the effect of prey quality and intra- and interspecific interactions on their survival and development of life stages. Mortality of first instar ladybirds of both species was highest feeding on A. nerii. Preimaginal mortafity was lowest when feeding on L. erysimi （C. septempunctata, 1.6% and C. transversalis, 3.2%）, and highest when feeding on A. nerii （ C. septempunctata, 6.2% and C. transversalis, 8.2%）. Comparatively higher weight and larger size of C. septempunctata along with the lower levels of mortality recorded suggested that it is more likely to have acted as an intraguild predator than C. transversalis. High recorded mortality of C. transversalis is attributed to probable intraguild predation on account of its smaller size. The major sources of mortality were probably cannibalism, intraguild predation and other unknown factors. Lower prey quality increased the incidence of cannibalism and intraguild predation, especially in C. transversalis. The investigation suggests an intrinsic competitive advantage for C. septempunctata over C. transversalis in guilds of three aphid species.

关键词： Coccinella septempunctata Coccinella transversalis ladybirds life table,aphids cannibalism intraguild predation

Development and immature survival of two aphidophagous ladybirds, Coelophora biplagiata and Micraspis discolor

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Insect Science 2005年第5期12卷 375-379页

作者： OMKAR AHMAD PERVEZ SATYENDRA K. SINGH ladybird research laboratory Department of Zoology University of Lucknow Lucknow India

The developmental parameters, namely developmental periods, larval survival, adult emergence, growth index, developmental rate and sex ratio in terms of female proportion in a population of two aphidophagous ladybirds, namely, Coelophora biplagiata （Swartz） and Micraspis discolor （Fabricius） were investigated, using three aphid species as prey. The immature stages of C. biplagiata were significantly affected by prey quality and developed fastest when fed on Aphis craccivora followed by Aphis gossypii and Rhopalosiphum maidis. The order of prey suitability in terms of developmental rate of immature stages of M. discolor was just reversed. The adult females were heavier than males, while pre-pupae were heavier than pupae in both ladybirds. The sex ratio of adult emergence, though female-biased in both ladybird species, was not significantly affected by prey quality.

关键词： aphids Coccinellidae Coelophora biplagiata development immature survival Micraspis discolor

Intrinsic advantages of Cheilomenes sexmaculata over two coexisting Coccinella species （Coleoptera：Coccinellidae）

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Insect Science 2005年第3期12卷 179-184页

作者： OMKAR AHMADPERVEZ GEETANJALIMISHRA SHEFALISRIVASTAVA SATYENDRAK.SINGH AVANISHK.GUPTA ladybird research laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of LucknowLucknowIndia

Development, survival and reproductive performance of coexisting ladybird species, viz. Cheilomenes sexmaculata, Coccinella septempunctata, and Coccinella transversalis, of the tribe Coccinellini were studied and compared to assess their coexistence and ecological relationships. High values of life history parameters, viz. developmental rate,immature survival, fecundity, egg viability, reproductive rate and conversion of efficiency of ingested food were recorded for C. sexmaculata followed by C. transversalis and *** suggesting that the former has intrinsic advantages over the latter two species. This could possibly counterbalance its disadvantages, like relatively smaller size and weight, thereby making it competitive. The developmental period increased with increase in body size. Exceptionally high fecundity after single mating has been recorded in C. sexmaculata. The egg viability, however, was lower than in both Coccinella species.

关键词： cheilomenes sexmaculata coccinella septempunctata coccinella transversalis size reproductive rate bioconversion efficiency

同时而非先后一雌多雄交配增加不同温度下食蚜瓢虫的适合度（英文）

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昆虫学报 2014年第10期57卷 1180-1187页

作者： OMKAR Geetanjali MISHRA ladybird research laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of Lucknow

【目的】尽管一雌多雄在瓢虫科中常见,但各研究中获得的数据不足以解释雌虫多次交配和一雌多雄的一般适应性意义或适合度后果。本研究以温度为胁迫因子,旨在评价一雌多雄的某些益处(如增加的适合度)是否可传递给后代。【方法】本研究检... 详细信息

【目的】尽管一雌多雄在瓢虫科中常见,但各研究中获得的数据不足以解释雌虫多次交配和一雌多雄的一般适应性意义或适合度后果。本研究以温度为胁迫因子,旨在评价一雌多雄的某些益处(如增加的适合度)是否可传递给后代。【方法】本研究检测了黄斑盘瓢虫Coelophora saucia(Mulsant)3种交配处理中的适合度:一雌一雄(与同一雄虫交配5次,1次/d),先后一雌多雄(与5头不同的雄虫依次交配5次,即每天与新的雄虫交配1次),以及同时一雌多雄(放进5头雄虫,任由雌虫选择雄虫,交配5次,1次/d)。观察了各交配处理不同温度下(25,27和30℃)繁殖力、卵的育性、后代发育和存活。【结果】结果表明,经历一雌多雄然后进行交配选择或竞争的雌性的繁殖能力最强,后代能在更广温度范围内最好地适应发育和存活。但先后一雌多雄交配的雌性与一雌一雄交配的雌性的繁殖能力相似。【结论】结果说明,在无交配选择或雄性竞争的条件下,一雌多雄的益处不明显。这可能是由于在依次射精的雄性间存在精子竞争,或由于雌性的隐性选择。据我们所知,本研究中观察发现的无交配选择时不表现一雌多雄的益处的现象,之前在昆虫中未观察到过。

关键词：瓢虫科黄斑盘瓢虫一雌多雄交配选择繁殖能力后代适应性

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON CERTAIN BIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF A LADYBEETLE COCCINELLA SEPTEMPUNCTA TA LINNAEUS

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Entomologia Sinica 2003年第3期10卷 185-193页

作者： ShefaliSrivastava Dmkar ladybird research laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of LucknowLucknow-226007India ladybird research laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of LucknowLucknow-226007India

Influence of temperature on certain biological attributes of an aphidophagous ladybeetle, Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, feeding on mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), at five different temperatures, viz. 20, 25, 27, 30 and 35℃ was investigated. Its developmental period was shortest (11.7±0.09days) at 35℃ and longest (20.6±0.35 days) at 20℃. Developmental rate increased with increase in temperature. Hatching percent, larval survival, adult emergence and growth index were maximum at 30℃ and minimumat 20℃. Oviposition period and fecundity were highest at 30℃ and lowest at 20℃. A positive linear relationship exists between temperature and developmental rate and negative correlation between the duration of immature life stages and temperature. The proportion of developmental period allocated to each immature stage was found to be similar at each temperature regime. Thus, 30℃ was found as the most suitable for C. septempunctata amongst the five temperatures tested.

关键词： coccinellidae ladybeetle aphids temperature biocontrol

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不同环境变量下银胶菊叶甲的生命表(英文)

昆虫学报 2013年第11期56卷 1286-1293页

作者： OMKAR Shruti RASTOGI Ahmad PERVEZ ladybird research laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of Lucknow Biocontrol laboratory Department of ZoologyGovt. Degree College

在室内研究了不同环境变量(如食物、温度、光周期和不同光波长)下银胶菊杂草Parthenium hysterophorus L.的食叶昆虫和生物防治因子银胶菊叶甲Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister的生命表。不同发育阶段的该种叶甲取食银胶菊不同部位时,... 详细信息

在室内研究了不同环境变量(如食物、温度、光周期和不同光波长)下银胶菊杂草Parthenium hysterophorus L.的食叶昆虫和生物防治因子银胶菊叶甲Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister的生命表。不同发育阶段的该种叶甲取食银胶菊不同部位时,取食花的甲虫死亡率指标Kappa值最低,其次是取食叶片和茎;而取食花时甲虫世代存活率最高。温度显著影响主要发育阶段该种叶甲的死亡率和存活率。27℃下饲养的未成熟期甲虫的Kappa值最低,其次是30,25,20和35℃。世代存活和存活率表现相同的趋势。不同光周期显著影响死亡率,在14L∶10D(长日照)下世代存活最好,其次是12L∶12D(昼夜相等),10L∶14D(短日照),24L∶0D(连续光照)和0L∶24D(连续黑暗)。甲虫对不同波长光的反应上,在白光(广谱)下Kappa值最低,世代存活率最高,其次是黄光(λ≈570 nm)、蓝光(λ≈475 nm)和红光(λ≈650 nm)。卵的死亡率最高。不同发育阶段的甲虫在27℃长日照白光下用银胶菊花饲养最佳。死亡率趋势具有严格和显著的阶段特异性,表现出内在的存活效应,与研究的因素无关。

关键词：银胶菊叶甲银胶菊寄主植物存活死亡率生命表