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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第6期7卷 417-428页

作者： Abiodun Olusoji Owoade Adewale Adetutu Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola Department of Biochemistry Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomosho Nigeria

This study compared the antioxidant properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract (HSE), commercial aged garlic extract (AGE, Kyolic) and garlic tablet (GT). The results indicate that HSE, AGE and GT are effective antioxidant as xanthine/xanthine oxidase generated superoxide ions are significantly inhibited in the presence of 20% (v/v) diethyl ether extract of HSE, AGE and GT by 100%, 66.39% and 18.61% respectively, while uric acid production is not affected byAGEand GT. However, at 2.5% and 5.0% (v/v) reaction volumes,HSEsignificantly inhibits uric acid production by 9.5% and 33.0% respectively, and this suggests that components ofHSEinhibit xanthine oxidase activity while AGE and GT scavenge superoxide. In addition, it is also found that the three extracts scavenge ABTS radical cations in dose-dependent manner. In all cell free assays, HSE is found to be more effective as an antioxidant when compared with AGE and GT under the same experimental conditions. Chromatographic and colorimetric analyses suggest thatHSEhas numerous different types of phenolic compounds with higher amount of phenolic compounds (14.9 mg/g) when compared withAGE(2.8 mg/g) and GT (3.6 mg/g) catechin equivalent respectively. Therefore, the effectiveness of antioxidant activities of these three extracts may be related to their phenolic content.

关键词： Hibiscus sabdariffa Aged Garlic Extract Antioxidants Phenolic Compounds

Allelopathic Effects of Some Selected Tree Species on the Germination and Growth of Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i>L. Walp.)

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第4期4卷 310-315页

作者： M. O. Aleem L. O. Alamu O. S. Olabode Department of Crop and Environmental Protection Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Crop Production and Soil Science Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

The allelopathic effect of three tree species (Azardiracta indica, Vitellaria paradoxa, and Parkia bi-globosa) on germination and growth of cowpea was investigated in the Southern Guinea Savannah agro ecological zone of Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three (3) replicates. Data were collected on germination, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of branches, root length, the above grand biomass and the below grand biomass and were subjected to statistical analysis using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) while the significant mean was separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% possibility level. Results showed that the tree species brought about considerable inhibition in the germination of cowpea seeds and in its growth parameters. The statistical germination value of the cowpea seeds under the tree species had decreased value thus indicating that growth inhibitions were seriously felt. It was apparent that Parkia biglobosa (53.33) and Vitellaria paradoxa (60.00) had more inhibitory effect on cowpea seeds germinability than that of Azardiracta indica. (63.33) while all the treatments are lower than that of control (100). The tree species had similar inhibition capability in the cowpea plant height, stem circumference, number of leaves, above grand biomass and below grand biomass. However, in all treatment, statistic showed that there is no significant difference (p < 0.05) among the means.

关键词： Allelopathy Inhibition Azardiracta indica Vitellaria paradoxa Parkia biglobosa

Comparative Study of Proximate,Chemical and Physicochemical Properties of Less Explored Tropical Leafy Vegetables

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural university(English Edition) 2018年第1期25卷 16-23页

作者： Grace Oluwakemi Babarinde Victoria Funmilayo Abioye Odunayo Omobitan Kassim Raji Department of Food Science and Engineering Ladoke Akintola University of Technology

The list of underutilized green leafy vegetables is enormous: ranging from commonly consumed and underutilized vegetables. There are data on commonly consumed vegetables, but information is sparse on nutritional, chemical and anti-nutritional properties of less explored vegetables. This work aimed to evaluate some attributes of less explored or underutilized leafy vegetables. Some nutritional and anti-nutritional contents of 10 under-utilized leafy vegetables(Amaranthus spinosus Linnaeus, Basella alba Linnaeus, Corchorous tridens L., Cyrtosperma senegalense(Schott), Erigeron floribundus Sch, Hoslundia opposita Vahl, Lagenaria siceraria(Molina) Standl, Ocimum basilicum L., Solanum aethiopicum L. and Talinum portulacifolium(Forssk.) Asch. ex Schweinf) were investigated. Cyrtosperma senegalense had the highest protein value(5.93%). Hoslundia opposita had the highest fat content(0.54%). Amaranthus spinosus was high in β-carotene content(346.3 mg · 100 g-1); Cyrtosperma senegalense had the highest moisture content. A. spinosus had the highest ascorbic acid content(108.1 mg · 100 g-1). The highest tannin level(0.0057%) was found in C. senegalense and the lowest(0.0003%) was found in Solanum aethiopicum. Saponin was the highest in C. tridens(0.0052%) and the lowest in T. portulacifolium(0.00014%). C. senegalense and S. aethiopicum had their highest and the lowest phytate values, respectively. Although anti-nutrients could interfere with nutrient utilization, their values in these vegetables were not at toxic levels.

关键词： leafy vegetable nutritional attribute anti-nutritional property

Role of Placenta Parameters in Predicting Significant Feto-Maternal Haemorrhage

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2013年第3期4卷 133-136页

作者： Adetunji O. Adeniji Oluseyi A. Atanda Musa A. Muhibi Adewale S. Adeyemi Department of Haematology Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital Osogbo Nigeria. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

Purpose: Feto-maternal haemorrhage (FMH) is a complication of pregnancy and large FMH may lead to life-threatening anaemia in the fetus or newborn. In addition, exposure of Rhesus (Rh) D negative women to small amounts of fetal Rh D positive red cells during pregnancy or delivery may result in sensitization with its attendant problems of isoimmunisation. In most cases, the cause of FMH IS unknown. Through this study, we sought to determine if placental weight & diameter have any direct relationship with incidence and severity of ***: This was a prospective study of parturients for presence of fetal red cells in the maternal blood circulation. The prepared slide was processed as in the acid elution test described by Kleihauer-Betke. The FMH was calculated using Mollison formula. Baseline data included maternal biodata, blood group, Rh D factor, placenta weight and diameter. Data generated were analysed with Frequency tables, cross-tabulations and Odd ratio and confidence intervals as ***: Three hundred parturients were studied. However, only two hundred and ninety-five parturients were analysed, with five excluded due to lysed blood samples. A total of 52 parturients (17.63%) had demonstrable FMH, of which 8 (2.71%) were large FMH (>15 ml foetal cells). Both the placenta weight (P g, in contrast to 4.17% (4/96) in the group with weight of placenta below or equal to 500 g. All the 8 parturients with large FMH had placenta weights greater than 500 g. Placenta diameters were greater than 22 cm in 41/197 (20.81%) who had demonstrable FMH, compared with 11/98 (11.23%) whose diameter was less than 22 cm. Conclusion:Both the placenta weight and diameter are significant predictors of FMH in parturients. However, placenta diameter appears to be a minor predictor. These are factors that can be assessed antenatally by ultrasonography and in conjunction with other known obstetric factors, may possibly be considered in risk-based scoring system for predict

关键词： Feto-Maternal Haemorrhage Transplacental Haemorrhage Placental Parameters Rh D Factor Kleihauer-Betke Test

Application of TRACI and CML Modeling Tools in Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Municipal Wastes

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第6期4卷 602-617页

作者： Samson O. Ojoawo Abayomi A. Gbadamosi Department of Civil Engineering Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

In this study, the Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other Environmental Impacts (TRACI) of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the methodology of the Centre for Environmental Studies (CML) of the university of Leiden are two approaches applied as provided for in the GaBi5 (Holistic Balancing) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) software database, to classify and characterize environmental impacts of municipal wastes in Ogbomoso South Local Government Area (LGA), Nigeria. On waste composition, 5 representative households were selected, each from the cardinal polling units in Ibapon (ward 4) for the study. Wastes samples were collected from the households over a period of 5 days, sorted, classified according to their constituents and weighed accordingly. For the Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA), two waste management scenarios/models were developed and compared using GaBi5 software. Scenario 1 involves collection, transportation and landfilling, while Scenario 2 ends with incineration. The Impact Indices determined from both scenarios were: Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP) and Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP). Findings show that the overall mean percent (%) wastes composition for biodegradable, metal, textile, paper, plastic, glass and wood were respectively found to be 55.9, 9.5, 2.4, 6.5, 6.7, 6.6, and 12.2. From the results of LCIA methods studied, landfilling of wastes poses a lesser burden on the environment, using the ODP index, as compared to incineration. It is concluded that of the management scenarios considered, landfilling of wastes is more environmentally friendly and therefore recommended for use in the study area.

关键词： Global Warming Potential Acidification Potential Eutrophication Potential Ozone Depletion Potential

Evaluation of Biosorptive Capacity of Banana (<i>Musa paradisiaca</i>) Stalk for Lead(II) Removal from Aqueous Solution

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第15期5卷 1451-1465页

作者： Oladipupo O. Ogunleye Mary A. Ajala Samuel E. Agarry Department of Chemical Engineering Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

Raw Banana Stalk (RBS), Acid Activated Banana Stalk (AABS) and Base Activated Banana Stalk (BABS) prepared from banana stalk were used as biosorbents to remove Lead(II) from aqueous solution. The biosorbents were characterised using proximate analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Pb(II) of 1000 mg/L concentration was prepared from Pb(NO3)2 salt and other concentrations were obtained from this stock through serial dilution. Effects of adsorbent dose, temperature, initial metal concentration, contact time and pH on the percentage Pb(II) removal were evaluated. The Pb(II) concentrations in the solutions were analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic parameters were determined. FTIR spectroscopy showed that RBS, AABS and BABS are rich in carboxyl, hydroxyl and phenolic functional groups. At an equilibrium time of 180 minutes, the percentage Pb(II) removal was 63.97%, 96.13% and 66.90% for RBS, AABS and BABS, respectively. Pseudo-second order kinetics best described the process with R2 (0.95, 0.98, 0.97) for RBS, AABS and BABS, respectively. Langmuir isotherm (AABS) has the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 13.53 mg/g and R2 (0.99). Thermodynamic parameters obtained were △G0 (?18.75 kJ/mol), △H0 (12.63 kJ/mol), △S0 (0.05 kJ/mol·K) and Ea (4.37 kJ/mol). Banana stalk has viable characteristics for preparing biosorbents. Acid activated banana biosorbent is more efficient for removal of lead ions from its aqueous solution.

关键词： Biosorption Isotherm Banana Stalk Kinetics Lead(II)

Contamination Levels of Some Selected Wells in Ogbomoso South Local Government Area, Nigeria and the Implications on Human Health

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第7期5卷 653-668页

作者： Samson O. Ojoawo T. Lateef Kolade Department of Civil Engineering Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

Incident of water-borne diseases is becoming more rampant in developing countries in the 21st century. This paper examines the contamination levels of some selected wells in Ogbomoso South Local Government Area (LGA), Oyo State, Nigeria. Methodology includes administering of structured questionnaire, field survey/sampling and laboratory analysis. The first set of questionnaires sought information on water sources, quality, supply and treatment. These were administered in 10 selected major locations which included: Ajegunle, Arinkinkin, Arowomole, Caretaker, Esanu-Aje, Ita-Olola, Malete, Oke-Alapata, Ora-Gada and Sunsun. The other set which was administered in 6 randomly selected Health Institutions viz: Oyo State General Hospital, Alaafia Tayo, Oore-Ofe, Bethel, Favour, and Grace Hospitals had questions on health-related issues. Ten (10) wells were randomly selected for sampling, one in each location. Results were compared with WHO’s Drinking Water Standards. Questionnaires revealed that residents depended mostly on wells for water supply;the water quality was low;supply was irregular;quantity was inadequate and boiling was the commonest treatment method. Health Officials established that some residents consumed improperly treated well water and there were some incidences of water-related diseases. Laboratory analyses showed that samples from Ajegumle and Esanu-Aje had colour values above the standard. Also, the pH was observed to vary from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline with values ranging between 6.0 and 8.1. Only Arinkinkin and Ita-Olola areas had permissible values of total alkalinity and Oke-Alapata had the highest chloride value of 400 mg/l while the highest nitrate concentration was at Esanu-Aje (127.58 mg/l). Study concludes that water supply in the area is not fully supportive to health. To abate the problem, it is recommended that aside boiling, each household should endeavour to coagulate, filter, soften and disinfect well water before consumption.

关键词： Contamination Wells Water Quality Human Health

Development of a tractor-pulled motion resistance test rig for traction studies on towed narrow wheels

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2011年第4期4卷 21-27页

作者： D.Ahmad S.Shamsuddin A.B.Fashina F.B.Akande Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorD.E.Malaysia Department of Agricultural Engineering Ladoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomosoNigeria

This work presents the development of a test rig(tractor pulled)for measurement of motion resistance of towed narrow wheels with a view to obtaining new design information to enhance the use of narrow wheels as traction members for low cost agricultural machines affordable by the low income earners or rural populace whose occupation is predominantly *** narrow wheels that can be used on the developed test rig are pneumatic bicycle wheels of different sizes,rigid bicycle wheel,motorcycle wheel and lugged-rigid wheel for a planting *** towing force which is equal to the motion resistance will be measured by the Mecmesin Basic Force Gauge(BFG)with a maximum capacity of 2.5 kN installed on the test *** gauge is connected to a notebook with a Dataplot program to record the towing force and import the measured force per unit time to the spread sheet for further *** test rig comprises two parts,one part holding the wheel and the second part hitched to the tractor,in between the two is the BFG to measure the towing force and it is RS-232 interfaced to notebook *** test rig is designed for field use on different terrains to make comparison and obtain enough data to assist in the design and development of narrow wheel agricultural *** effect of the different wheel sizes,axle loads and inflation pressures on the motion resistance of the test wheels can be investigated easily using the developed test rig.

关键词： motion resistance traction wheels basic force gauge data acquisition tire design parameters

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection in Pregnancy: Knowledge and Practice of Care Providers in Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第10期4卷 621-627页

作者： Adewale S. Adeyemi Adeola F. Afolabi Adeleye A. Adeomi Department of Community Medicine Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

Purpose: To determine the practice of obstetric care providers regarding routine screening for hepatitis B virus infection, and to assess their knowledge of the management of the positive pregnant women. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study of obstetric care providers in southwestern Nigeria. Mean and standard deviation was used to summarize continuous variables while frequency and percentage was used for categorical variables. Categorical variables were compared with chi-square test and Fisher’s exact tests as appropriate;while continuous variables were compared using the t-test. The level of statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Scoring of the outcome variables for knowledge was done, and the score categorized into good and poor knowledge, depending on if the respondent scored above or below the mean score. Results: Three hundred and eighty-one (67.4%) of the care givers routinely screen pregnant women for the serum marker (HBSAg) of HBV infection. Two hundred and seventy-four (48.5%) of the respondents had good knowledge score of the management of HBV infection in pregnancy. Routine screening for HBV infection was significantly associated with age (p = 0.002), years of practice (p < 0.001), specialty (p = 0.001) and professional cadre (p < 0.001), while knowledge was significantly associated with age (p = 0.012), years of practice (p = 0.003), specialty (p = 0.047) and types of practice (p = 0.014). Conclusion: Screening for HBV infection in pregnant women is not universal in southwestern Nigeria, and the care providers have poor knowledge of the management of the positive mothers.

关键词： HBV Infection Obstetric Care Providers Routine Screening Management Nigeria