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Evolution of the platycodonoid group with particular references to biogeography and character evolution

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第10期56卷 995-1008页

作者： Qiang Wang Xiao-Quan Wang Hang Sun Yan Yu Xing-Jin He De-Yuan Hong State Key laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences Sichuan University

The Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau（QTP）is an important center of origin and diversification for many northern temperate *** hypothesis＂out‐of‐QTP＂suggests that the majority of northern temperate plants have originated and dispersed from the QTP and adjacent *** interesting question is whether the biogeographic history of the platycodonoids（Campanulaceae）,a group mainly distributed in the QTP and adjacent regions,coincides with the hypothesis＂out‐of‐QTP＂？Furthermore,how have the diagnostic characters of the platycodonoids evolved？In the present study,all 10genera of the platycodonoids were sampled for molecular phylogeny and dating analyses,and ancestral states of distribution and characters were *** results do not support the platycodonoids as an＂out‐of‐QTP＂group,but instead they might have descended from Tethyan *** dispersal and diversification of the platycodonoids in Asia might have been driven by the uplift of the *** present study highlights the importance of the Tethyan Tertiary flora for the origin of the Sino‐Himalayan flora and the influence of the uplift of QTP on diversification of northern temperate *** addition,character state reconstruction reveals that the inferior ovary,capsule,long‐colpate pollen,and chromosome number 2n=14 are probably ancestral states.

关键词： Biogeography Campanulaceae character evolution platycodonoids Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

Biosystematic studies on Adenophora potaninii ***(Campanulaceae) V.A taxonomic treatment

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Journal of systematics and Evolution 2010年第6期48卷 445-454页

作者： Song GE De-Yuan HONG(State Key laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany,Institute of botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) (State Key laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China)

Adenophora is an extremely variable genus,and its taxonomy is very *** the genus,Adenophora potaninii complex,including ***,***,***,***,***,***,and *** ***,is a typical group with different taxonomical treatments due to high level of morphological *** carried out extensive biosystematic studies based on population sampling,transplantation experiments and offspring tests,cluster analysis,and a crossing *** results reveal four main findings.(i) Leaf forms of the *** complex were extremely polymorphic;the leaf form of *** and ***,and that of *** and *** could be found,respectively,on a single population or among the offsprings of a single plant.(ii) Cluster analysis and a crossing experiment indicated that *** and *** could not be separated from ***,nor *** from ***.(iii) Adenophora potaninii and *** were gradational in morphology and their compatibility value was slightly reduced compared to that within each entity.(iv) Adenophora lobophylla was distinct from the other members of the complex in shape and size of corolla,relative length of style,and shape of *** species was incompatible reproductively with the other members of the complex,but partly compatible with ***,a species in another ***,we recognized only one species with two subspecies in the complex,*** *** and ***,moved *** out of the complex,and reduced all the other names as new synonyms.

关键词： Adenophora potaninii biosystematics populations species complex taxonomy.

Plants of Leptostrobus Heer （Czekanowskiales） from the Early Cretaceous and Late Triassic of China, with Discussion of the Genus

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第2期48卷 137-147页

作者： Xiu-Qun Liu Cheng-Sen Li Yu-Fei Wang laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

Investigation of the Mesozoic seed plant Leptostrobus Heer from the Yangcaogou Formation of the Late Triassic and the Yixian Formation of the Early Cretaceous, Liaoning Province, China, provides new Insight Into Its general morphology and geographical distribution. The materials of L. cancer from the Yixian Formation described herein are later than all the past findings of this species and add to the record of L. cancer during the Early Cretaceous. Based on well-preserved specimens, the specific diagnosis Is slightly emended and the reconstructlon of L. cancer Is perfected. The materials from the Yangcaogou Formation of the Late Triassic are placed in L. spheericus, in addition, we review the history of investigation of the genus Leptostrobus since its establishment in 1876 and discuss the main characteristics of each species.

关键词： Early Cretaceous Late Triassic Leptostrobus Yangcaogou Formation Yixian Formation.

Karyotype and cytogeography of the genus Heracleum (Apiaceae) in the Hengduan Mountains

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Journal of systematics and Evolution 2009年第4期47卷 273-285页

作者： Xian-Lan DENG Xing-Jin HE~* Wei-Lue HE Yun-Dong GAO Hai-Yan LIU Yu-Cheng ZHANG (laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany,College of Life Science,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China) (laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany College of Life Science Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China)

In the present study,the karyotypes of 34 populations belonging to 11 species and one variety of Heracleum from the Hengduan Mountains in China were *** numbers and the karyotypes of three species(***,***,and ***)are reported for the first time,as are the karyotypes of *** and ***(tetraploid).Populations of ***,***,and *** in the Hengduan Mountains were found to consist of a mixture of diploid and tetraploid *** for four species of Heracleum,namely ***,***,***,and ***,which have both diploid and tetraploid karyotypes,all other species of Heracleum are were found to be *** karyotypes were found to belong to the 2A type of Stebbins,with the exception *** ***,which belongs to 2B,and *** and ***(***,Daocheng,Sichuan,China),which belong to *** was only a slight difference in the karyotype asymmetry index,which suggests a close kinship for species of Heracleum and that the entire phylogenetic development of Heracleum is relatively *** that exhibited advanced morphological features were also more advanced in karyotype structure,with the order of karyotype evolution being 1A→2A→2B. This phenomenon indicates that the species distributed in the Hengduan Mountains have not diverged completely and that the Hengduan Mountains are a relatively young and active area for the evolution *** in Heracleum may be an important evolutionary mechanisms for some species,generating *** biological attributes,distribution range,and the geological history of the genus have all played a part in accelerating the evolution through polyploidization or *** is known that as the distribution latitude of Heracleum decreases from north to south,the chromosome number,ploidy level,and asymmetry structure appear to increase. In the Hengduan Mountains,these tendenc

关键词： cytogeography evolution Heracleum karyotype polyploidization.

Paeonia rotundiloba(***)***:A new status in tree peonies(Paeoniaceae)

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Journal of systematics and Evolution 2011年第5期49卷 464-467页

作者： De-Yuan HONG(State Key laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany,Institute of botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) (State Key laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China)

Paeonia decomposita Hand.-*** *** is here raised to the specific rank,***(***) ***,based on its distinctiveness of four diagnostic characters:number of carpels;height of disk;number of leaflets of the lower leaves,and shape of the terminal leaflets;and unpublished molecular *** rotundiloba differs distinctly from *** in having carpels mostly 3,less often 2 or 4,very rarely 5(*** always 5,very occasionally 4 or 3),disk 8-15 mm high(vs.4-9.6 mm),leaflets mostly 19-39(vs.29-63) in number,and ratio of length to width of the terminal leaflets 1.09-1.93(vs.1.81-2.99).

关键词： China new status Paeonia decomposita Paeonia rotundiloba Sichuan statistical analysis.

Pollen Morphology of the Platycodonoid Group (Campanulaceae ***.) and Its systematic Implications

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第10期54卷 773-789页

作者： HONG De-Yuan PAN Kai-Yu State Key laboratory of systematic&evolutionary botany Institute of BotanyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChina

In this study, we examined the pollen morphology of the platycodonoid group in Campanulaceae s. str. using a scanning electronic microscope. We used pollen grains of 25 accessions representing 24 species of the Codonopsis complex （including Campanumoea, Cyclocodon, Leptocodon, and all three subgenera of Codonopsis）, which is extremely controversial among authors for taxonomic treatment. Pollen morphology of all the other genera in the group observed by previous authors is taken into account in our discussion. A total of nine pollen types with two subtypes in the group were recognized and named for the first time. Molecular and morphological data imply that each pollen type corresponds to a natural group at generic level, and thus the mergence of Leptocodon with Codonopsis and the restoration of Cyclocodon as a separate genus are justifiable, and Codonopsis subg. Pseudocodonopsis, subg. Obconicicapsula, and two species of Codonopsis subg. Codonopsis （C. purpurea and C. chimiliensis） may be better classified as three independent genera separate from the core Codonopsis.

关键词： Campanulaceae s. str. platycodonoid group Codonopsis complex pollen morphology pollen type taxonomy systematics.

ABC model and floral evolution

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第24期48卷 2651-2657页

作者： LI Guisheng, MENG Zheng, KONG Hongzhi, CHEN Zhiduan & LU Anming laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany, Institute of botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China Correspondence should be addressed to Meng Zheng (e-mail: zhmeng@ ***) and Lu Anming (e-mail:anmin@***) laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The paper introduces the classical ABC model of floral development and thereafter ABCD, ABCDE and quartet models, and presents achievements in the studies on floral evolution such as the improved understanding on the relationship of reproductive organs between gnetophytes and angiosperms, new results in perianth evolution and identified homology of floral organs between dicots and monocots. The evo-devo studies on plant taxa at different evolutionary levels are useful to better understanding the homology of floral organs, and to clarifying the mysteries of the origin and sub-sequent diversification of flowers.

关键词： ABC模型花被演化被子植物双子叶植物单子叶植物

Glacial Refugia of Ginkgo biloba and Human Impact on Its Genetic Diversity:Evidence from Chloroplast DNA

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第3期50卷 368-374页

作者： Wei Gong Zhen Zeng Ye-Ye Chen Chuan Chen Ying-Xiong Qiu Cheng-Xin Fu laboratory of systematic evolutionary botany and biodiversity and State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China

Variations in the trnK region of chloroplast DNA were investigated in the present study using polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism to detect the genetic structure and to infer the possible glacial refugia of Ginkgo biloba L. in China. In total, 220 individuals from 12 populations in China and three populations outside China were analyzed, representing the largest number of populations studied by molecular markers to date. Nineteen haplotypes were produced and haplotype A was found in all populations. Populations in south-western China, including WC, JF, PX, and SP, contained 14 of the 19 haplotypes and their genetic diversity ranged from 0.771 4 to 0.867 6. The TM population from China also showed a high genetic diversity （H = 0.848 5）. Most of the genetic variation existed within populations and the differentiation among populations was low （GsT = 0.2）. According to haplotype distribution and the historical record, we suggest that populations of G. biloba have been subjected to extensive human impact, which has compounded our attempt to infer glacial refugia for Ginkgo. Nevertheless, the present results suggest that the center of genetic diversity of Ginkgo is mainly in south-western China and in situ conservation is needed to protect and preserve the genetic resources.

关键词： chloroplast DNA Ginkgo biloba glacial refugia human activities polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism

Analysis of plastid and nuclear DNA data in plant phylogenetics——evaluation and improvement

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2014年第3期57卷 280-286页

作者： WANG Wei LI HongLei CHEN ZhiDuan State Key laboratory of systematic and evolutionary botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences

Correct combination of plastid(cp)and nuclear(nr)DNA data for plant phylogenetic reconstructions is not a new issue,but with an increasing number of nrDNA loci being used,it is of ever greater practical *** accurately reconstructing the phylogeny and evolutionary history of plant groups,correct treatment of phylogenetic incongruence is a vital step in the proper analysis of cpDNA and nrDNA *** first evaluated the current status of analyzing cpDNA and nrDNA data by searching all articles published in the journal systematic botany between 2005 and *** studies combining cpDNA and nrDNA data did not rigorously assess the combinability of the data sets,or did not address in detail possible reasons for incongruence between the two data *** reviewing various methods,we outline a procedure to more accurately analyze and/or combine cpDNA and nrDNA data,which includes four steps:identifying significant incongruence,determining conflicting taxa,providing possible interpretations for incongruence,and reconstructing the phylogeny after treating *** attention is given to explanation of the cause of *** hope that our procedure will help raise awareness of the importance of rigorous analysis and help identify the cause of incongruence before combining cpDNA and nrDNA data.

关键词： combined analysis plastid DNA incongruence nuclear DNA phylogenetics