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Cloning and characterization of a novel UDP-glycosyltransferase gene induced by DON from wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第5期14卷 830-838页

作者： MA Xin DU Xu-ye LIU Guo-juan YANG Zai-dong HOU Wen-qian WANG Hong-wei FENG De-shun LI An-fei KONG Ling-rang State Key laboratory of crop Biology/Shandong Key laboratory of crop Biology College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural University

Fusarium head blight（FHB）,caused primarily by Fusarium graminearum,is a destructive disease of wheat throughout the ***,the mechanisms of host resistance to FHB are still largely ***（DON）produced by F graminearum which enhances the pathogen to spread could be converted into inactive form D3 G by UDP-glycosyltransferases（UGTs）.A DON responsive UGT gene,designated as TaUGT4,was first cloned from wheat in this *** putative open reading frame（ORF） of TaUGT4 was 1386 bp,encoding 461 amino acids ***4 was placed on chromosome 2D using a set of nulli-tetrasomic lines of wheat cultivar Chinese Spring（CS）.When fused with eGFP at C terminal,TaUGT4 was shown to localize in cytoplasm of the transformed tobacco *** transcriptional analysis revealed that TaUGT4 was strongly induced by F graminearum or DON in both of FHB-resistant cultivar Sumai 3 and susceptible cultivar Kenong 199,especially in Sumai 3 under DON *** increase of TaUGT4 expression was observed in Sumai 3 and Kenong 199 in response to salicylic acid（SA） *** interestingly,the transcripts level of TaUGT4 in Sumai 3 showed significantly higher than that in Kenong 199 after treated with methyl jasmonate（MeJA）.According to the expression patterns,TaUGT4 might lead to different effects between FHB-resistant genotype and susceptible genotype in the process against F graminearum *** had also been discussed in this paper that JA signaling pathway might play a significant role in the resistance against *** compared to SA signaling pathway.

关键词： wheat cultivar chromosome designated genotype blight tobacco responsive susceptible pathogen

Expression Comparisons of Pathogenesis-Related(PR) Genes in Wheat in Response to Infection/Infestation by Fusarium, Yellow dwarf virus(YDV) Aphid-Transmitted and Hessian Fly

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第5期13卷 926-936页

作者： WU Shi-wen WANG Hong-wei YANG Zai-dong KONG Ling-rang State Key laboratory of crop Biology/College of agronomy Shandong Agricultural University Department of agronomy Purdue University

Expression profiles of ten pathogenesis-related （PR） genes during plant defense against Fusarium, Yellow dwarf virus （YDV） aphid-transmitted and Hessian fly （Hf） were compared temporally in both resistant and susceptible genotypes following pathogen infection or insect infestation. Quantitative real-time PCR （qRT-PCR） revealed that PR1, PR2, PR3, PR5, PR6, PR8, PR9, and PR15 appeared to be induced or suppressed independently in response to Fusarium, YDV aphid-transmitted or Hf during the interactions. The PR gene（s） essential to defense against one organism may play little or no role in defense against another pathogen or pest, suggesting the alternative mechanisms may be involved in different interactions of wheat- Fusarium, wheat-YDV aphid-transmitted and wheat-Hf. However, strong up- or down-regulation of PRl2 and PR14 encoding low molecular membrane acting protein, defensin and lipid transfer protein （LTP）, respectively, had been detected after either pathogen infection or insect infestation, therefore showed broad responses to pathogens and insects. It was postulated that low molecular proteins such as defensins and LTPs might play a role in the early stages of pathogenesis in the signaling process that informs plants about the attack from biotic stresses. In addition, a synergistic action between different PR genes might exist in plants to defense certain pathogens and insects on the basis of comprehensive expression profiling of various pathogenesis-related genes revealed by qRT-PCR in this study.

关键词： pathogenesis-related genes Fusarium graminearum Yellow dwarf virus aphid-transmitted Hessian fly real-timequantitative RT-PCR

Modified fertilization management of summer maize(Zea mays L.) in northern China improves grain yield and efficiency of nitrogen use

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1644-1657页

作者： CHENG Yi ZHAO Jie LIU Zhen-xiang HUO Zhi-jin LIU Peng DONG Shu-ting ZHANG Ji-wang ZHAO Bin State Key laboratory of crop Biology College of Agronomy Shandong Agricultural University

Improving the yield of maize grain per unit area is needed to meet the growing demand for it in China, where the availability of fertile land is very *** fertilization management and planting density are efficient methods for increasing crop *** experiments were designed to investigate the influence of modified fertilization management and planting density on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of the popular maize variety Zhengdan 958, in four treatments including local farmer＇s practice（FP）, high-yielding and high efficiency cultivation（HH）, super high-yielding cultivation（SH）, and the control（CK）.Trials were conducted in three locations of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in northern *** with FP, SH was clearly able to promote N absorption and dry matter accumulation in post-anthesis, and achieve high yield and N use efficiency by increasing planting density and postponing the supplementary application of ***, with an increase in planting density, the demand of N increased along with grain *** to the input of too much N fertilizer, the efficiency of N use in SH was *** less total N, ameliorating cultivation and cropping management practices should be considered as priority strategies to augment production potential and finally achieve synchronization between high yield and high N efficiency in fertile ***, in situations where soil fertility is low, achieving high yield and high N use efficiency in maize will likely depend on increased planting density and appropriate application of supplementary fertilizers postpone to the grain-filling stage.

关键词： modified fertilization management summer maize yield nitrogen use efficiency

Soil physical properties and maize root growth under different tillage systems in the North China Plain

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The crop Journal 2018年第6期6卷 669-676页

作者： Baizhao Ren Xia Li Shuting Dong Peng Liu Bin Zhao Jiwang Zhang State Key laboratory of crop Biology and College of agronomy Shandong Agricultural University

The standard cultivation system in the North China Plain is double cropping of winter wheat and summer maize. The main effects of this cultivation system on root development and yield are decreases in soil nutrient content and depth of the plow layer under either long-term no-tillage or rotary tillage before winter wheat sowing and no tillage before summer maize sowing. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of tillage practices before winter wheat and summer maize sowing on soil properties and root growth and distribution in summer maize. Zhengdan 958(ZD958) was used as experimental material, with three tillage treatments: rotary tillage before winter wheat sowing and no tillage before summer maize sowing(RTW + NTM), moldboard plowing before winter wheat sowing and no tillage before summer maize sowing(MPW + NTM), and moldboard plowing before winter wheat sowing and rotary tillage before summer maize sowing(MPW + RTM).Tillage practice showed a significant(P MPW + NTM > MPW + RTM. Soil bulk densities were 3.3% and 515% lower in MPW + NTM and MPW + RTM, respectively, than that in RTW + NTM, and soil penetration resistances were respectively 17.8% and 20.4% lower,across growth stages and soil depths. Root dry matter and root length density were highest under MPW + RTM, with the resulting increased root activity leading to a yield increase of summer maize. Thus the marked effects of moldboard plowing before winter-wheat sowing on root length density, soil penetration resistance, and soil bulk density may contribute to higher yield.

关键词： Tillage system Summer maize Soil physical properties Root

Study on the Mitochondrial Genome of Sea Island Cotton(Gossypium barbadense) by BAC Library Screening

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第5期13卷 945-953页

作者： SU Ai-guo LI Shuang-shuang LIU Guo-zheng LEI Bin-bin KANG Ding-ming LI Zhao-hu MA Zhi-ying HUA Jin-ping Key laboratory of crop Heterosis and Utilization Ministry of Education/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University College of agronomy Hebei Agricultural University

The plant mitochondrial genome displays complex features, particularly in terms of cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS）. Therefore, research on the cotton mitochondrial genome may provide important information for analyzing genome evolution and exploring the molecular mechanism of CMS. In this paper, we present a preliminary study on the mitochondrial genome of sea island cotton （Gossypium barbadense） based on positive clones from the bacterial artificial chromosome （BAC） library. Thirty-five primers designed with the conserved sequences of functional genes and exons of mitochondria were used to screen positive clones in the genome library of the sea island cotton variety called Pima 90-53. Ten BAC clones were obtained and verified for further study. A contig was obtained based on six overlapping clones and subsequently laid out primarily on the mitochondrial genome. One BAC clone, clone 6 harbored with the inserter of approximate 115 kb mtDNA sequence, in which more than 10 primers fragments could be amplified, was sequenced and assembled using the Solexa strategy. Fifteen mitochondrial functional genes were revealed in clone 6 by gene annotation. The characteristics of the syntenic gene/exon of the sequences and RNA editing were preliminarily predicted.

关键词： Gossypium barbadense BAC library mitochondrial genome RNA editing

Increased plant density and reduced N rate lead to more grain yield and higher resource utilization in summer maize

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第11期15卷 2515-2528页

作者： SHI De-yang LI Yan-hong ZHANG Ji-wang LIU Peng ZHAO Bin DONG Shu-ting agronomy College Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology

Planting at an optimum density and supplying adequate nitrogen（N） to achieve higher yields is a common practice in crop production, especially for maize（Zea mays L.）; however, excessive N fertilizer supply in maize production results in reduced N use efficiency（NUE） and severe negative impacts on the environment. This research was conducted to determine the effects of increased plant density and reduced N rate on grain yield, total N uptake, NUE, leaf area index（LAI）, intercepted photosynthetically active radiation（IPAR）, and resource use efficiency in maize. Field experiments were conducted using a popular maize hybrid Zhengdan 958（ZD958） under different combinations of plant densities and N rates to determine an effective approach for maize production with high yield and high resource use efficiency. Increasing plant density was clearly able to promote N absorption and LAI during the entire growth stage, which allowed high total N uptake and interception of radiation to achieve high dry matter accumulation（DMA）, grain yield, NUE, and radiation use efficiency（RUE）. However, with an increase in plant density, the demand of N increased along with grain yield. Increasing N rate can significantly increase the DMA, grain yield, LAI, IPAR, and RUE. However, this increase was non-linear and due to the input of too much N fertilizers, the efficiency of N use at NCK（320 kg ha^（–1）） was low. An appropriate reduction in N rate can therefore lead to higher NUE despite a slight loss in grain production. Taking into account both the need for high grain yield and resource use efficiency, a 30% reduction in N supply, and an increase in plant density of 3 plants m^（–2）, compared to LD（5.25 plants m^（–2））, would lead to an optimal balance between yield and resource use efficiency.

关键词： summer maize increased plant density reduced N rate N use efficiency resource use efficiency

Genetic diversity of Ustilago hordei in Tibetan areas as revealed by RAPD and SSR

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第10期15卷 2299-2308页

作者： ZHOU Yu CHAO Gui-mei LIU Jia-jia ZHU Ming-qi WANG Yang FENG Bai-li State Key laboratory of crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/College of agronomy Northwest A&F University State Key laboratory of crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/College of Plant protection Northwest A&F University

Covered smut, which is caused by Ustilago hordei（Pers.） Lagerh., is one of the most damaging diseases of highland barley（Hordeum vulgare Linn. var. nudum Hook. f） in Tibetan areas of China. To understand the molecular diversity of U. hordei, a total of 27 isolates, which were collected from highland barley plants from Tibet, Sichuan, Qinghai, and Gansu provinces/autonomous region, were analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD） and simple sequence repeat（SSR） markers. Among the 100 RAPD primers used, 24 primers exhibited polymorphism. A total of 111 fragments were amplified, of which 103 were polymorphic with a polymorphic rate of 92.79%. The average observed number of alleles（Na）, effective number of alleles（Ne）, Nei＇s genetic diversity（H）, Shannon＇s information index（I） and polymorphism information content（PIC） value in the RAPD markers were 1.9279, 1.5016, 0.2974, 0.4503 and 0.6428, respectively. For the SSR markers, 40 of the 111 primer pairs exhibited polymorphism and provided a total of 119 bands, of which 109 were polymorphic and accounted for 91.60% of the total bands. The Na, Ne, H, I and PIC values of the SSR markers were 1.9160, 1.4639, 0.2757, 0.4211 and 0.4340, respectively. The similarity coefficients ranged from 0.4957 to 0.9261 with an average of 0.7028 among all the 27 isolates used. The dendrogram, which was developed based on the RAPD and SSR combined marker dataset showed that the 27 U. hordei isolates were divided into 3 clusters at similarity coefficient of 0.7314. We determined that RAPD and SSR markers can be successfully used to assess the genetic variation among U. hordei isolates. The RAPD markers revealed higher levels of genetic polymorphism than did the SSR markers in this study. There existed a moderate genetic difference among isolates. The molecular variation and differentiation was somewhat associated with geographical origin but not for all of the isolates.

关键词： highland barley Ustilago hordei RAPD SSR genetic diversity

Identifying changes in the wheat kernel proteome under heat stress using iTRAQ

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The crop Journal 2018年第6期6卷 600-610页

作者： Yufeng Zhang Hongyao Lou Dandan Guo Ruiqi Zhang Meng Su Zhenghong Hou Haiying Zhou Rongqi Liang Chaojie Xie Mingshan You Baoyun Li Beijing Key laboratory of crop Genetic Improvement/Key laboratory of crop Heterosis & Utilization College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural University

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the three major global food crops. Hightemperature stress can affect its yield and quality. Studies of the effect of hightemperature stress on wheat kernel development are important because they can reveal the stability of wheat quality and lead to the genetic improvement of wheat quality traits. In this study, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ)method was adopted to analyze changes in the protein expression profile of wheat cultivars under high temperature stress. The protein content of wheat grain increased under heat stress, while the SDS-sedimentation value and starch content *** filling was deficient under high temperature stress, which reduced thousandkernel weight but did not affect wheat kernel length. The 207 differentially expressed proteins identified in Gaocheng 8901 under heat stress were associated with energy metabolism, growth and development, and stress response. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that the annotated proteins that were differentially expressed in Gaocheng 8901 under heat stress were involved mainly in stimulus response, abiotic stress response, stress response, and plasma membrane. A set of 78 differentially expressed proteins were assigned to 83 KEGG signaling/metabolic pathways. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that this set of proteins was significantly enriched in members of 51 pathways, and the proteins participated mainly in protein synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum, starch and sucrose metabolism, and reaction on ribosomes. Five differentially expressed proteins were involved in protein–protein interaction networks that may greatly influence the yield and quality of wheat grain. In wheat, high-temperature stress leads to a variety of effects on protein expression and may ultimately cause changes in yield and quality.

关键词： Winter wheat Heat stress GO enrichment KEGG pathway enrichment Interaction networks

Exogenous melatonin improves cotton yield under drought stress by enhancing root development and reducing root damage

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期23卷 3387-3405页

作者： Lingxiao Zhu Hongchun Sun Ranran Wang Congcong Guo Liantao Liu Yongjiang Zhang Ke Zhang Zhiying Bai Anchang Li Jiehua Zhu Cundong Li State Key laboratory of North China crop Improvement and Regulation/Key laboratory of crop Growth Regulation of HebeiProvince/College of agronomy Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China College of Plant protection Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China

The exogenous application of melatonin by the root drenching method is an effective way to improve crop drought ***,the optimal concentration of melatonin by root drenching and the physiological mechanisms underlying melatonin-induced drought tolerance in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)roots remain *** study determined the optimal concentration of melatonin by root drenching and explored the protective effects of melatonin on cotton *** results showed that 50μmol L-1 melatonin was optimal and significantly mitigated the inhibitory effect of drought on cotton seedling *** melatonin promoted root development in drought-stressed cotton plants by remarkably increasing the root length,projected area,surface area,volume,diameter,and *** also mitigated the drought-weakened photosynthetic capacity of cotton and regulated the endogenous hormone contents by regulating the relative expression levels of hormone-synthesis genes under drought ***-treated cotton seedlings maintained optimal enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacities,and produced relatively lower levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde,thus reducing the drought stress damage to cotton roots(such as mitochondrial damage).Moreover,melatonin alleviated the yield and fiber length declines caused by drought *** together,these findings show that root drenching with exogenous melatonin increases the cotton yield by enhancing root development and reducing the root damage induced by drought *** summary,these results provide a foundation for the application of melatonin in the field by the root drenching method.

关键词： cotton drought melatonin root morphology root physiology yield