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Cl^(-)ions accelerating interface charge transfer in a Si/In_(2)S_(3) Faradaic junction photocathode for solar seawater splitting

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 2923-2929页

作者： Jun Luo Ruotong Bao Hongzheng Dong Ye Fu Dongjian Jiang Bo Wang Yuzhan Zheng Qiong Wang Wenjun Luo Zhigang Zou Eco-materials and Renewable Energy Research Center(ERERC) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano TechnologyNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China National laboratory of solid state Microstructures and Department of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Photoelectrocatalytic seawater splitting is a promising low-cost method to produce green hydrogen in a large *** effects of Cl^(-)ions in seawater on the performance of a photoanode have been reported in previous ***,few researches have been done on the roles of Cl^(-)ions in a ***,for the first time,we find that Cl^(-)ions in the electrolyte improve the photocurrent of a Si/In_(2)S_(3) photocathode by 50% at-0.6 V_(RHE).An in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)characterization combined with the time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry by simulating photoelectrochemical conditions was used to investigate the interface charge transfer *** results suggest that there is an In_(2)^(+3)S_(3-x)(OH)_(2x)layer on the surface of In_(2)S_(3) in the phosphate buffer solution(PBS)electrolyte,which plays a role as an interface charge transfer mediator in the Si/In_(2)S_(3) *** In_(2)^(+3)S_(3-x)(OH)_(2x)surface layer becomes In_(2)^(+3)S_(3-x)(Cl)_(2x)in the PBS electrolyte with NaCl and accelerates the charge transfer rate at the In_(2)S_(3)/electrolyte *** results offer a new concept of regulating interface charge transfer mediator to enhance the performance of photoelectrocatalytic seawater splitting for hydrogen production.

关键词： solar hydrogen production interface charge transfer mechanism coupled electron and ion transfer in-situ XPS characterization In_(2)^(+3)S_(3-x)(OH)_(2x)surface layer

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All-fluorinated electrolyte for non-flammable batteries with ultra-high specific capacity at 4.7 V

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第10期 1601-1609页

作者： Zhe Wang Zhuo Li Jialong Fu Sheng Zheng Rui Yu Xiaoyan Zhou Guanjie He Xin Guo state Key laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology Laboratory of Solid State IonicsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology Electrochemical Innovation Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College London

Li metal batteries （LMBs） with Li Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2（NMC811） cathodes could release a specific energy of >500 Wh kg-1by increasing the charge ***,high-nickel cathodes working at high voltages accelerate degradations in bulk and at interfaces,thus significantly degrading the cycling lifespan and decreasing the specific ***,we rationally design an all-fluorinated electrolyte with addictive tri（2,2,2-trifluoroethyl） borate （TFEB）,based on 3,3,3-fluoroethylmethylcarbonate （FEMC） and fluoroethylene carbonate （FEC）,which enables stable cycling of high nickel cathode (Li Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2,NMC811) under a cut-off voltage of 4.7 V in Li metal *** electrolyte not only shows the fire-extinguishing properties,but also inhibits the transition metal dissolution,the gas production,side reactions on the cathode ***,the NMC811||Li cell demonstrates excellent performance by using limited Li and high-loading cathode,delivering a specific capacity>220 m A h g-1,an average Coulombic efficiency >99.6% and capacity retention >99.7% over 100 cycles.

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Machine-learning-assisted efficient reconstruction of the quantum states generated from the Sagnac polarization-entangled photon source

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 50-54页

作者：毛梦辉周唯李新慧杨然龚彦晓祝世宁 National laboratory of solid state Microstructures and School of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Author notes

Neural networks are becoming ubiquitous in various areas of physics as a successful machine learning(ML)technique for addressing different *** on ML technique,we propose and experimentally demonstrate an efficient method for state reconstruction of the widely used Sagnac polarization-entangled photon *** properly modeling the target states,a multi-output fully connected neural network is well trained using only six of the sixteen measurement bases in standard tomography technique,and hence our method reduces the resource consumption without loss of *** demonstrate the ability of the neural network to predict state parameters with a high precision by using both simulated and experimental ***,the mean absolute error for all the parameters is below 0.05 for the simulated data and a mean fidelity of 0.99 is achieved for experimentally generated *** method could be generalized to estimate other kinds of states,as well as other quantum information tasks.

关键词： machine learning state estimation quantum state tomography polarization-entangled photon source

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Li_(2)ZnTi_(3)O_(8)as the host–separator modifier with efficient polysulfides trapping and fast Li^(+)diffusion for lithium-sulfur batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6087-6094页

作者： Mao Qian Yakun Tang Lang Liu Yue Zhang Xiaohui Li JiaJia Chen state Key laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China state Key laboratory of Physical Chemistry of solid Surfaces Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

The diffusion and loss of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)in lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)reduce the sulfur utilization rate and the catalytic conversion efficiency of sulfur species,resulting in early battery ***_(2)ZnTi_(3)O_(8)(LZTO),characterized by its stable spinel structure,exhibits high Li+conductivity and holds great potential as an effective adsorbent for *** study proposes a collaborative design concept of LZTO host–separator modifier,which offers a complementary and matching approach in the cathode side,effectively addressing the challenges associated with dissolution and inadequate conversion of *** functional theory(DFT)calculation substantiates the pronounced chemical affinity of LZTO towards *** importantly,the high efficiency ion transport channels are achieved in separator coating due to the presence of the LZTO ***,the catalytic efficacy of LZTO is validated through meticulous analysis of symmetric batteries and Tafel ***,the LZTO host–separator modifier-based cell displays satisfactory rate capability(1449 and 1166 mAh·g^(−1)at 0.1 and 0.5 C)and an impressively capacity(606 mAh·g^(−1)after 500 cycles at 1 C).The coordinated strategy of host–separator modifier is supposed to have wide applications in LSBs.

关键词： Li_(2)ZnTi_(3)O_(8) lithium-sulfur batteries host-separator modifier catalytic conversion diffusion and loss of LiPSs

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Mott Gap Filling by Doping Electrons through Depositing One Sub-Monolayer Thin Film of Rb on Ca_(2)CuO_(2)Cl_(2)

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第5期41卷 90-96页

作者：李寒王朝晖范圣泰李华州杨欢闻海虎 National laboratory of solid state Microstructures and Department of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Understanding the doping evolution from a Mott insulator to a superconductor probably holds the key to resolve the mystery of unconventional superconductivity in copper oxides. To elucidate the evolution of the electronic state starting from the Mott insulator, we dose the surface of the parent phase Ca_(2)CuO_(2)Cl_(2) by depositing Rb atoms, which are supposed to donate electrons to the CuO_(2) planes underneath. We successfully achieved the Rb sub-monolayer thin films in forming the square lattice. The scanning tunneling microscopy or spectroscopy measurements on the surface show that the Fermi energy is pinned within the Mott gap but close to the edge of the charge transfer band. In addition, an in-gap state appears at the bottom of the upper Hubbard band(UHB), and the Mott gap will be significantly diminished. Combined with the Cl defect and the Rb adatom/cluster results, the electron doping is likely to increase the spectra weight of the UHB for the double occupancy. Our results provide information to understand the electron doping to the parent compound of cuprates.

关键词： doping holds Electron

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Supercoiled DNA Minicircles under Double-strand Breaks

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1353-1359,I0007页

作者： Ye-Peng Qiao Chun-Lai Ren National laboratory of solid state Microstructures and Department of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China

Understanding how supercoiled DNA releases intramolecular stress is essential for its functional ***,the molecular mechanism underlying the relaxation process remains insufficiently *** we employed MD simulations based on the oxDNA2 model to investigate the relaxation process of a 336-base pair supercoiled minicircular DNA under double-strand breaks with two fixed *** simulations show that the conformational changes in the DNA occur continuously,with intramolecular stress release happening abruptly only when the DNA chain traverses the breakage *** relaxation process is influenced not only by the separation distance between the fixed ends but also their ***,we observe an inhibitory effect on the relaxation characterized by small angles,where short terminal loops impede DNA conformational adjustments,preserving the supercoiled *** findings elucidate the intricate interplay between DNA conformational change,DNA motion and intramolecular stress release,shedding light on the mechanisms governing the relaxation of supercoiled DNA at the molecular level.

关键词： Supercoiled DNA DNA minicircle DNA relaxation oxDNA model MD simulation

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Dual-curvilinear beam enabled tunable manipulation of high-and low-refractive-index particles

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1427-1436页

作者： ZHENG YUAN CHENCHEN ZHANG YUAN GAO WENXIANG YAN XIAN LONG ZHI-CHENG REN XI-LIN WANG JIANPING DING HUI-TIAN WANG National laboratory of solid state Microstructures and School of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093China Collaborative Innovation Center of solid-state Lighting and Energy-Saving Electronics Nanjing 210093China

We present an innovative approach for the simultaneous agile manipulation of high-refractive-index(HRI) and low-refractive-index(LRI) particles. Our method involves introducing a dual-curvilinear optical vortex beam(DC-OVB) generated by superimposing a pair of curved beams: HRI and LRI particles are controlled by the bright curve and the dark channel between the two curves, respectively. The proposed DC-OVB provides customizable motion paths and velocities for both LRI and HRI particles. Each curve of the DC-OVB can support a distinct orbital flow density(OFD), enabling the application of torques to HRI and LRI particles, guiding them to orbit along specified trajectories and prompting them to execute various curvilinear motions simultaneously,including curvilinear movement, revolution, and rotation.

关键词： tunable refractive beam

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Iso-propagation vortices with OAM-independent size and divergence toward future faster optical communications

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第3期6卷 51-59页

作者： Wenxiang Yan Zhaozhong Chen Xian Long Yuan Gao Zheng Yuan Zhi-Cheng Ren Xi-Lin Wang Jianping Ding Hui-Tian Wang Nanjing University School of Physics National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing University Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures University of Glasgow James Watt School of Engineering Nanjing University Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid-State Lighting and Energy-Saving Electronics

Recognized in the 1990s, vortex beams' ability to carry orbital angular momentum(OAM) has significantly contributed to applications in optical manipulation and high-dimensional classical and quantum information communication. However, inherent diffraction in free space results in the inevitable expansion of beam size and divergence contingent upon the OAM, limiting vortex beams' applicability in areas such as spatial mode multiplexing communication, fiber-optic data transmission, and particle manipulation. These domains necessitate vortex beams with OAM-independent propagation *** introduce iso-propagation vortices(IPVs), vortex beams characterized by OAM-independent propagation behavior, achieved through precise radial index configuration of Laguerre–Gaussian beams. IPVs display notable transmission dynamics, including a reduced quality factor, resilience post-damage, and decreased and uniform modal scattering under atmospheric turbulence. Their distinctive attributes render IPVs valuable for potential applications in imaging, microscopy, optical communication, metrology, quantum information processing, and light–matter interactions. Notably, within optical communication, the case study suggests that the IPV basis, due to its OAM-independent propagation behavior, provides access to a more extensive spectrum of data channels compared with conventional spatial multiplexing techniques, consequently augmenting information capacity.

关键词： orbital angular momentum optical communication structured light optical vortices

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Balancing the Quantum Speed Limit and Instantaneous Energy Cost in Adiabatic Quantum Evolution

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第4期41卷 7-12页

作者：徐建文张宇佳郑文蔡浩阳周浩宇李先科廖绪东张钰李邵雄兰栋谭新生于扬 National laboratory of solid state Microstructures School of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Shishan laboratory Suzhou Campus of Nanjing UniversitySuzhou 215163China Hefei National laboratory Hefei 230088China

Adiabatic time-optimal quantum controls are extensively used in quantum technologies to break the constraints imposed by short coherence ***,practically it is crucial to consider the trade-off between the quantum evolution speed and instantaneous energy cost of process because of the constraints in the available control ***,we experimentally show that using a transmon qubit that,even in the presence of vanishing energy gaps,it is possible to reach a highly time-optimal adiabatic quantum driving at low energy cost in the whole evolution *** validates the recently derived general solution of the quantum Zermelo navigation problem,paving the way for energy-efficient quantum control which is usually overlooked in conventional speed-up schemes,including the well-known counter-diabatic *** designing the control Hamiltonian based on the quantum speed limit bound quantified by the changing rate of phase in the interaction picture,we reveal the relationship between the quantum speed limit and instantaneous energy ***,we demonstrate fast and high-fidelity quantum adiabatic processes by employing energy-efficient driving strengths,indicating a promising strategy for expanding the applications of time-optimal quantum controls in superconducting quantum circuits.

关键词： process quantum adiabatic

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Chemoselective and Living/Controlled Polymerization of Alkenyl Methacrylates by the Phosphonium Ylide/Organoaluminum Lewis Pairs

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 159-167,I0005页

作者： Zhi-Kang Chen Wu-Chao Zhao Yi-Ling Zhao Cong-Lei Liu Liu-Yin Jiang Yue-Tao Zhang Hong-Ping Zhu state Key laboratory of Physical Chemistry of solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China state Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China

Chemoselective,living/controlled polymerizations of allyl methacrylate(AMA) and vinyl methacrylate(VMA) with/without methyl methacrylate(MMA) by using the phosphonium ylide/organoaluminum based Lewis pairs(LPs) have been *** P-ylide-2/AIMe(BHT)_(2)(Pylide-2=Ph_(3)P=CHMe and BHT=2,6-iBu_(2)-4-MeC_(6)H_(2)O) was demonstrated to be superior by which homopolymers PAMAs(M_(n)=27.6-111.5kg/mol and ■=1.14-1.25) and PVMAs(M_(n)=28.4-78.4 kg/mol and ■=1.12-1.18) and block copolymers PMMA-b-PAMA,PAMA-b-PVMA,PAMA-bPMMA,PMMA-b-PAMA-b-PMMA,PAMA-b-PMMA-b-PAMA,and PAMA-b-PVMA-b-PAMA were *** the polymerizations,all of the monomers were reacted by the conjugated ester vinyl groups leaving intactly the nonconjugated acryloxy *** pendant acryloxy groups attached to the main chain enable further to post-functionalization by the AIBN-induced radical "thiol-ene" reaction using PhCH_(2)*** thiolether side group-containing polymers PAMA-SCH_(2)Ph and PAMA-SCH_(2)Ph-b-PMMA-b-PAMA-SCH_(2)Ph were thus prepared.

关键词： Phosphonium ylide Alkenyl methacrylate Chemoselectivity Living/controlled polymerization Post-functionalization

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