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Implementation of a particle-in-cell method for the energy solver in 3D spherical geodynamic modeling

earth and Planetary physics 2024年第3期8卷 549-563页

作者： Hao Dong ZeBin Cao LiJun Liu YanChong Li sanZhong Li LiMing Dai XinYu Li Frontiers science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and earth system Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting TechniquesMinistry of Education and College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China state Key laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China laboratory for Marine Geology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Department of earth science&Environmental Change University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA laboratory of seismology and physics of earth’s interior School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The thermal evolution of the earth’s interior and its dynamic effects are the focus of earth sciences.However,the commonly adopted grid-based temperature solver is usually prone to numerical oscillations,especially in the presence of sharp thermal gradients,such as when modeling subducting slabs and rising plumes.This phenomenon prohibits the correct representation of thermal evolution and may cause incorrect implications of geodynamic processes.After examining several approaches for removing these numerical oscillations,we show that the Lagrangian method provides an ideal way to solve this problem.In this study,we propose a particle-in-cell method as a strategy for improving the solution to the energy equation and demonstrate its effectiveness in both one-dimensional and three-dimensional thermal problems,as well as in a global spherical simulation with data assimilation.We have implemented this method in the open-source finite-element code Citcoms,which features a spherical coordinate system,distributed memory parallel computing,and data assimilation algorithms.

关键词： numerical oscillation overshooting and undershooting particle-in-cell method three-dimensional spherical geodynamic modeling energy solver finite element method

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Response of Insight resonance modes to environmental factors on Mars

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earth and Planetary physics 2024年第4期8卷 579-588页

作者： LiFei Tian HuaJian Yao laboratory of seismology and physics of earth’s interior School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Chinese Academy of sciences Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory University of Science and Technology of ChinaMengcheng 230026China

The Insight(interior Exploration using seismic Investigations,Geodesy,and Heat Transport)mission has recorded continuous ambient noise signals with many spectral peaks since its landing in 2018.The majority of these peaks are modes produced by instrumental vibrations and are associated with environmental factors,such as temperature and wind energy fluctuations.Understanding how these modes react under various conditions is crucial because it aids in identifying their origins.In this study,we analyzed the three-component spectra of Insight recordings from sols 184–738 and obtained the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio(HVsR,also known as H/V)curves for different time intervals.The primary modes,such as those at 3.3 and 4.1 Hz,exhibited different behaviors,suggesting diverse origins.some modes were sensitive to low temperature and some were sensitive to high temperature.Additionally,we investigated the influence of wind and temperature on the H/V curve.The peak frequency was mainly affected by temperature,whereas the H/V value was not associated with the temperature or wind only.Characterizing these modes and elucidating their origins are significant for processing signals from Insight and can provide valuable guidance for designing future planetary seismometers.

关键词： Mars Insight spectral peaks H/V curve

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spatial continuous modeling of early Cenozoic carbon cycle and climate

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National science Review 2024年第4期11卷 30-32页

作者： Yonggang Liu Jian Zhang Haoyue Zuo Zhilin He Jiaqi Guo Qifan Lin Haonan Yu Jiawenjing Lan Jing Han Zhihong song Zihan Yin Liang Zhao Yongyun Hu Zhengtang Guo laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of Physics Peking University Key laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences state Key laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The partial pressure of atmospheric CO2（pCO2） is determined by the carbon cycle that involves climate, biogeochemistry, and plate tectonics. In this cycle,atmospheric CO2is converted into organic carbon and carbonates by biological activities and silicate weathering, and buried as sediments. The sediments on the ocean floor are subducted into the earth’s interior, and subsequently converted back into CO2and outgassed into the atmosphere.

关键词： ATMOsPHERIC CO2

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Aseismic ridge subduction and flat subduction:Insights from three-dimensional numerical models

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earth and Planetary physics 2023年第2期7卷 269-281页

作者： Hui Zhao Wei Leng laboratory of seismology and physics of earth’s interior School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Chinese Academy of sciences Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China

Flat subduction can significantly influence the distribution of volcanism,stress state,and surface topography of the overriding plate.However,the mechanisms for inducing flat subduction remain controversial.Previous two-dimensional(2-D)numerical models and laboratory analogue models suggested that a buoyant impactor(aseismic ridge,oceanic plateau,or the like)may induce flat subduction.However,three-dimensional(3-D)systematic studies on the relationship between flat subduction and buoyant blocks are still lacking.Here,we use a 3-D numerical model to investigate the influence of the aseismic ridge,especially its width(which is difficult to consider in 2-D numerical models),on the formation of flat subduction.Our model results suggest that the aseismic ridge needs to be wide and thick enough to induce flat subduction,a condition that is difficult to satisfy on the earth.We also find that the subduction of an aseismic ridge parallel to the trench or a double aseismic ridge normal to the trench has a similar effect on super-wide aseismic ridge subduction in terms of causing flat subduction,which can explain the flat subduction observed beneath regions such as Chile and Peru.

关键词： flat subduction aseismic ridge oceanic plateau 3-D numerical simulation

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Deep diving with Donald V.Helmberger

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earthquake science 2022年第1期35卷 58-60页

作者： Daoyuan sun laboratory of seismology and physics of earth's interior School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

It has been more than a year since Don left us.He left us so suddenly.We planned to have a phone call after he settled down at his new house.However,it never happened.Although he had some medical issues persistently in his last year,he had been so dedicated to science that he kept working on multiple papers about earth’s deep interior.Our unfinished paper is about to provide an alternative explanation of the anomalous sPdKs+sKPds,which has been routinely used to image the Ultralow Velocity Zone(ULVZ).I am so grateful to Don that he brought me into the deep earth,taught me how to read seismograms,and always inspired and supported me as my family.

关键词： earth anomalous interior

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Observation 20-s periodic signals on Mars from Insight,sols 800-1,000

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earth and Planetary physics 2023年第2期7卷 193-215页

作者： HuiXing Bi DaoYuan sun MingWei Dai Deep space Exploration laboratory/school of earth and space sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China laboratory of seismology and physics of earth’s interior School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAs Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology ChinaHefei 230026China

seismometers of the Insight probe(interior Exploration using seismic Investigation,Geodesy and Heat Transport)currently operating on Mars have recorded not only seismic events but also high-frequency non-seismic periodic signals that appear to have been induced by variations in the Martian environment and the hardware.Here,we report an observation of a long-period signal with a dominant period of~20 s from Martian solar days(sol)800 to sol 1,000.This 20-s signal is detected mostly at quiet nighttime—from22:00 to 04:00 LMsT(Local Mean solar Time)—at the Insight landing site.The measurement of the particle motion suggests that this linearly polarized signal focuses on the horizontal plane with an angle of~30°from the north.By examining the temporal variation of the signal’s amplitude and polarization angle and its times of occurrence in relation to the planet’s atmospheric data,we suggest that this20-s signal may be relevant to wind and temperature variations on Mars.Furthermore,we study the possible influence of this 20-s signal on the noise autocorrelation and find that the stacked autocorrelograms can be quite different when the 20-s signal is present.

关键词： Mars periodic signal particle motion autocorrelation

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Massive lithospheric delamination in southeastern Tibet facilitating continental extrusion

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National science Review 2022年第4期9卷 23-32页

作者： Jikun Feng Huajian Yao Ling Chen Weitao Wang laboratory of seismology and physics of earth's interior School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China CAs Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology University of Science and Technology of China Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory University of Science and Technology of China state Key laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences CAs Center for Excellence in Deep earth science Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake Administration

significant left-lateral movement along the Ailao shan-Red River fault accommodated a substantial amount of the late Eocene to early Miocene India-Asia convergence.However,the activation of this critical strike-slip fault remains poorly understood.Here,we show key seismic evidence for the occurrence of massive lithospheric delamination in southeastern Tibet.Our novel observation of reflected body waves(e.g.P410P and P660P) retrieved from ambient noise interferometry sheds new light on the massive foundered lithosphere currently near the bottom of the mantle transition zone beneath southeastern Tibet.By integrating the novel seismic and pre-existing geochemical observations,we highlight a linkage between massive lithospheric delamination shortly after the onset of hard collision and activation of continental extrusion along the Ailao shan-Re d River fault.This information provides critical insight into the early-stage evolution of the India-Asia collision in southeastern Tibet,which has significant implications for continental collision and its intracontinental response.

关键词： ambient noise interferometry reflected body waves lithospheric delamination India-Asia collision Indochina extrusion

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Progress in the numerical modeling of mantle plumes

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science China earth sciences 2023年第4期66卷 685-702页

作者： Wei LENG Hao LIU laboratory of seismology and physics of earth’s interior School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China state Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China CAs Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China

The mantle plume model, as an integral part of the earth’s internal convection system, is complementary to the theory of plate tectonics. They together constitute the key configuration of material circulation and energy transport in the earth’s interior. seismology, high-temperature and high-pressure mineralogy, geology, and geodynamic numerical modeling have conducted comprehensive studies on the mantle plume model since it was proposed. In particular, numerical simulation, which investigates the dynamic processes of mantle plumes by establishing a theoretical model, provides a quantitative description of possible mantle plume evolution and the responses of the earth’s interior and surface, which can be used to explain observations and experimental results from other disciplines. Thus, it is one of the most important means to study plume dynamics. This paper summarizes the research progress in numerical modeling of mantle plumes in past decades, including the origin of mantle plumes, seismological evidence for the existence of plumes, interactions between mantle plumes and the lithosphere, mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones, and the mantle transition zone, as well as the relationship between plumes and large low shear wave velocity provinces. The theoretical results of numerical modeling combined with observations from other disciplines enable us to deeply understand the dynamic process of mantle plumes. With the continuing development of numerical methodology and the improvement of high-performance computing, geodynamic numerical modeling will become a more accurate and efficient approach for studying mantle plume dynamics and related frontier problems in geosciences.

关键词： Mantle plume Dynamics Numerical modeling

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The China seismological Reference Model project

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earth and Planetary physics 2023年第5期7卷 521-532页

作者： LianXing Wen sheng Yu Department of Geosciences State University of New York at Stony BrookStony BrookNY 11794USA laboratory of seismology and physics of earth’s interior School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of earth sciences National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing 100085China

The importance of developing high-resolution seismic models to improve understanding of tectonic processes and enhance seismic hazard mitigation programs,along with the rapid expansion of seismic coverage in China,called for a seismological reference model to be established in China.The China seismological Reference Model(CsRM)project was initiated by the National Natural science Foundation of China with two primary goals:(1)the CsRM would serve as a primary source for the current state of seismological research in China,and(2)the seismic data and constraints used to construct the CsRM would be used as a backbone open-access cyberinfrastructure for future research in seismology.The CsRM project was also intended to promote data exchange and scientific collaboration in seismology in China.Accordingly,two parallel efforts of the project are being pursued:(1)construction of the CsRM,and(2)development of a CsRM product center.The CsRM is jointly constrained by various types of seismic constraints extracted from the seismic data recorded at 4511 seismic stations in continental China following a top-down approach,with the seismic structures in the shallower part of the earth constrained first.Construction of the CsRM involves three preparation steps:(1)building datasets of various seismic constraints from the seismic data,(2)developing a method to incorporate the constraints of surface wave observations from regional earthquakes into the inversion of the seismic structure,and(3)constructing high-resolution pre-CsRM seismic models of the velocity structure in the shallow crust and the Pn-velocity structure in the uppermost mantle.In the final process,the CsRM will be constructed by jointly inverting all the seismic constraints using the pre-CsRM models as starting models or a priori structures.The CsRM product center(http://***)archives and distributes three types of products:CsRM models,the Level 1 original seismic data used to extract seismic constraints in the construction of the CsRM,and Level 2 data on the seismic

关键词： China seismological Reference Model seismic structure seismic hazard tectonics continental China

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First-principles investigation of the concentration effect on equilibrium fractionation of Ca isotopes in forsterite

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Acta Geochimica 2019年第4期38卷 497-507页

作者： Yahui song Yonghui Li Wenzhong Wang Zhongqing Wu laboratory of seismology and physics of earth’s interior School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China

Previous theoretical studies have found that the concentration variations within a certain range have a prominent effect on inter-mineral equilibrium isotope fractionation(10^3 lna).Based on the density functional theory,we investigated how the average Ca–O bond length and the reduced partition function ratios(10^3 lnb)and103lna of 44 Ca/40 Ca in forsterite(Fo)are affected by its Ca concentration.Our results show that Ca–O bond length in forsterite ranges from 2.327 to 2.267 A with the Ca/(Ca+Mg)varying between a narrow range limited by an upper limit of 1/8 and a lower limit of 1/64.However,outside this narrow range,i.e.,Ca/(Ca+Mg)is lower than1/64 or higher than 1/8,Ca–O bond length becomes insensitive to Ca concentration and maintains to be a constant.Because the 10^3 lnb is negatively correlated with Ca–O bond length,the 10^3lnb significantly increases with decreasing Ca/(Ca+Mg)when 1/64s a consequence,the 10^3lna between forsterite and other minerals also strongly depend on the Ca content in forsterite.Combining previous studies with our results,the heavier Ca isotopes enrichment sequence in minerals is:forsterite[orthopyroxene[clinopyroxene[calcite & diopside[dolomite[aragonite.Olivineand pyroxenes are enriched in heavier Ca isotope compared to carbonates.The 10^3lna between forsterite with a Ca/(Ca+Mg)of 1/64 and clinopyroxene(Ca/Mg=1/1,i.e.,diopside)is up to^0.64%at 1200 K.The large 103lnaFodiopsiderelative to the current analytical precision for Ca isotope measurements suggests that the dependence of10^3 lnaFo-diopsideon temperature can be used as a thermometer,similar to the one based on the 103lna of 44 Ca/40 Ca between orthopyroxene and diopside.These two Ca isotope thermometers both have a precision approximate to that of elemental thermometers and provide independent constraints on temperature.

关键词： Ca isotope First-principles calculations Forsterite Concentration effect Equilibrium isotope fractionation

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