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Cenozoic topography,monsoons and biodiversity conservation within the Tibetan Region:An evolving story

Plant Diversity 2020年第4期42卷 229-254页

作者： Robert A.Spicer Alexander Farnsworth Tao Su CAS Key laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXishuangbanna 666303China School of environmental Earth and Ecosystem SciencesThe Open UniversityWalton HallMilton KeynesMK76AAUK School of Geographical Sciences University of BristolBristolBS81SSUK

The biodiversity of the Himalaya,Hengduan Mountains and Tibet,here collectively termed the Tibetan Region,is exceptional in a global *** contextualize and understand the origins of this biotic richness,and its conservation value,we examine recent fossil finds and review progress in understanding the orogeny of the Tibetan *** examine the deep-time origins of monsoons affecting asia,climate variation over different timescales,and the establishment of environmental niche heterogeneity linked to topographic *** origins of the modern biodiversity were established in the Eocene,concurrent with the formation of pronounced topographic relief across the Tibetan ***(>4 km)mountains to the north and south of what is now the Tibetan Plateau bounded a Paleogene central lowland(temperate angiosperm-dominated *** 15 Ma,global cooling,the further rise of central Tibet,and the rain shadow cast by the growing Himalaya,progressively led to more open,herb-rich vegetation as the modern high plateau formed with its cool,dry *** the moist monsoonal Hengduan Mountains,high and spatially extensive since the Eocene but subsequently deeply dissected by river incision,Neogene cooling depressed the tree line,compressed altitudinal zonation,and created strong environmental *** served as a cradle for the then newly-evolving alpine biota and favoured diversity within more thermophilic vegetation at lower *** diversity has survived through a combination of minimal Quaternary glaciation,and complex relief-related environmental niche *** great antiquity and diversity of the Tibetan Regi

关键词： Tibet Himalaya Hengduan Mountains Landscape Fossils Conservation

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Phenological and Bud Morphological Traits of Evergreen Broad-Leaved Trees under the Strong Seasonal climate at Northern Limit in east asia

Phenological and Bud Morphological Traits of Evergreen Broad...

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作者： IkukoNitta MasahikoOhsawa laboratory of Ecology Faculty of Science Chiba University 1-33 Yayoicho Chiba 263-8522 Japan laboratory of Ecology Faculty of Science Chiba University 1-33 Yayoicho Chiba 263-8522 Japan

Shoot phenology,bud structure,and construction of modular shoots ofsubtropical/warm-temperate evergreen broad-leaved trees were studied at their northern limit ineast *** tropical regions,shoot growth of evergnreen trees was ever-growing(continuous)orintermittent,multiple flush while in warm-temperate regions that was mostly intermittent,singleflush in *** buds which protected shoot tips during resting periods could be categorizedinto three types,naked,hypsophyllary,and ***-bud trees had no specializedprotective organs and only photosynthetic foliage ***-bud trees had three to sixprotective organs(hypsophylls and cataphylls).Scaled-bud trees had many protective organs(most abundant were protective scales).In all except naked-bud trees formed hypsophyllary bud atthe shoot tip when the elongation *** this was a common bud for evergreen broad-leavedtrees with intermittent *** protective-scale formation of scaled-bud trees were additionalprocess to this hypsophyllary-bud *** continuity between shoot modules weredecreased with the increase of protective organs from naked,to hypsophyllary,and to scaled-budtrees,in general which corresponds to increasing seasonality in climate.

关键词： shoot growth,growth periodicity,winter bud,bud structural type,shoot module

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多种代用资料和模型模拟得到的亚洲季风在8.2ka显著气候影响的证据（英文）

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地球环境学报 2011年第3期2卷 426-441页

作者： MORRILL Carrie WAGNER Amy J OTTO-BLIESNER Bette L ROSENBLOOM Nan Cooperative Institute for Research in environmental Sciences University of Colorado NOAA's National Climatic Data Center Paleoclimatology Branch climate and Global Dynamics Division National Center for Atmospheric Research

Given the likelihood of future reductions in the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(AMOC),it is important to document how changes in the AMOC have altered climate patterns in the past and to assess the skill of coupled climate models in reproducing these *** past abrupt changes in the AMOC,the 8.2 ka event provides a particularly useful case study because its duration,magnitude of AMOC reduction and background climate state are closest to conditions expected in the *** this research,we present an expanded proxy synthesis of the 8.2 ka event in monsoonal asia,including new high-resolution lake and bog records,more sites from the east asia monsoon region and proxies of winter monsoon *** compare proxy evidence with a new simulation of the 8.2 ka event using the Community climate System Model version 3(CCSM3) and prescribing North Atlantic freshwater forcing according to the latest *** find clear and objectively-determined evidence for 8.2 ka climate anomalies at nearly all of the fourteen proxy sites,emphasizing the strong and widespread impacts of the event in monsoonal asia during both summer and winter *** model simulation corroborates that these anomalies,described generally as a weakening of the summer monsoon and strengthening of the winter monsoon,were likely caused by a reduction of the *** of regional anomalies in east asia reveals some spatial heterogeneity,however,that in the model simulation is caused by contraction of the seasonal migration of the subtropical monsoon *** duration of climate anomalies at 8.2 ka in monsoonal asia,both in proxy records and the model simulation,generally matches the duration of the event in Greenland ice core δ^(18)O,further supporting a tight connection to the North Atlantic.

关键词： abrupt climate change coupled climate model Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation freshwater forcing Holocene

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Divergent apparent temperature sensitivity of terrestrial ecosystem respiration

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第5期7卷 419-428页

作者： Bing Song Shuli Niu Ruisen Luo Yiqi Luo Jiquan Chen Guirui Yu Janusz Olejnik Georg Wohlfahrt Gerard Kiely Asko Noormets Leonardo Montagnani Alessandro Cescatti Vincenzo Magliulo Beverly Elizabeth Law Magnus Lund Andrej Varlagin Antonio Raschi Matthias Peichl Mats BNilsson Lutz Merbold Key laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China Department of Botany and Microbiology University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA CGCEO/Geography Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48864USA Meteorology Department Poznan University of Life Sciences(PULS)Poznan 60-667Poland Department of Matter and Energy Fluxes Global Change Research CenterAS CRv.v.i.BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Ecology University of InnsbruckSternwartestr 15Innsbruck 6020Austria Civil and environmental Engineering Department University College CorkCorkIreland North Carolina State University/USDA Forest Service Southern Global Change ProgramRaleighNC 27606USA Servizi Forestali Agenzia per l’AmbienteProvinciaAutonoma di BolzanoBolzano 39100Italy Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of BolzanoPiazza Università1Bolzano 39100Italy European Commission Joint Research CenterInstitute for Environment and SustainabilityIspraItaly Institute of Forest and Agricultural Mediterranean Ecosystems-CNR ISAFoM Via Patacca85Ercolano(Napoli)Italy College of Forestry Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331-2209USA Department of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityFrederiksborgvejRoskilde 4000Denmark A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesLenisky pr.33 Moscow119071Russia CNR-Instituto di Biometeorologia(IBIMET) Via Giovanni Caproni 8Firenze 50145Italy Department of Forest Ecology&Management Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeå90183Sweden ETH Zurich Institute for Agricultural Sciences(IAS)Grassland Sciences GroupLFWC55.2Universitätstrasse 2Zurich 8092Switzerland

Aims Recent studies revealed convergent temperature sensitivity of ecosys-tem respiration(Re)within aquatic ecosystems and between terrestrial and aquatic *** do not know yet whether various terres-trial ecosystems have consistent or divergent temperature ***,we synthesized 163 eddy covariance flux sites across the world and examined the global variation of the apparent activation energy(Ea),which characterizes the apparent temperature sensitivity of and its interannual variability(IAV)as well as their controlling *** We used carbon fluxes and meteorological data across FLUXNET sites to calculate mean annual temperature,tempera-ture range,precipitation,global radiation,potential radiation,gross primary productivity and Re by averaging the daily values over the years in each ***,we analyzed the sites with>8 years data to examine the IAV of Ea and calculated the standard deviation of Ea across years at each site to character-ize *** Findings The results showed a widely global variation of Ea,with significantly lower values in the tropical and subtropical areas than in temperate and boreal areas,and significantly higher values in grasslands and wetlands than that in deciduous broadleaf forests and evergreen ***,spatial variations of Ea were explained by changes in temperature and an index of water availability with differing contribution of each explaining variable among climate zones and *** and the corresponding coefficient of variation of Ea decreased with increasing latitude,but increased with radiation and corresponding mean annual *** revealed patterns in the spatial and temporal variations of Ea and its controlling factors indicate divergent temperature sensitivity of Re,which could help to improve our predictive understanding of Re in response to climate change.

关键词： activation energy ecosystem respiration index of water availability interannual variability gross primary productivity

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3 Ma以来轨道尺度东亚冬季风演化的模拟研究

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第四纪研究 2020年第6期40卷 1406-1417页

作者：张肖剑靳立亚 Andrey Ganopolski Matteo Willeit 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院江苏南京210023 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院四川成都610225 兰州大学资源环境学院甘肃兰州730000 Potsdam Institute for climate Impact Research Potsdam 14473Germany

轨道尺度东亚冬季风变率对认识第四纪东亚环境演化和北半球冰盖演化具有重要的作用。文章利用德国波茨坦气候影响研究所的中等复杂程度地球系统模式(CLIMBER-2)对过去3 Ma气候和环境的模拟结果,探讨了轨道尺度东亚冬季风演化特征及其变... 详细信息

轨道尺度东亚冬季风变率对认识第四纪东亚环境演化和北半球冰盖演化具有重要的作用。文章利用德国波茨坦气候影响研究所的中等复杂程度地球系统模式(CLIMBER-2)对过去3 Ma气候和环境的模拟结果,探讨了轨道尺度东亚冬季风演化特征及其变化机制。采用两种指数反映东亚冬季风强度,分别指示中纬度西风强度(EAWMU)和东亚北风强度(EAWMV)。CLIMBER-2较好地模拟出了3 Ma以来地球冰期-间冰期旋回特征,以及第四纪以来全球变冷趋势。东亚冬季风在过去3 Ma以来呈现逐渐增强的趋势,EAWMV和EAWMU分别在约2.6 Ma和约1.5 Ma突然增强。EAWMV(EAWMU)在约2.2 Ma(约1.5 Ma)之前主要以20 ka岁差周期为主导,约2.2~1.0 Ma(约1.5~1.0 Ma)的转型期以41 ka倾角周期和20 ka岁差周期为主导,约1.0 Ma之后则均出现100 ka、41 ka和20 ka这3个轨道周期特征,并以100 ka偏心率周期为主导。在约2.2 Ma(约1.5 Ma)之前,EAWMV(EAWMU)主要受控于太阳辐射的直接强迫作用,北半球冰盖的作用相对较弱,在此之后北半球冰盖起主导作用,太阳辐射的直接强迫作用相对较弱。因此,第四纪东亚冬季风与北半球冰盖存在复杂的耦合关系,当冰盖规模较小时,它们的关系很弱;反之,当冰盖规模较大时,它们的联系加强。

关键词：第四纪东亚冬季风冰量太阳辐射气候模拟

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Fossil pharyngeal teeth of grass carp group and their implications for evolution, temporal and spatial distribution pattern, and paleoenvironment

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第11期64卷 1844-1859页

作者： Ruifeng SU Mee-Mann CHANG Gengjiao CHEN Key laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate of Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049China Natural History Museum of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning 530012China

Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)is a cyprinid species,widely living in the freshwater on the plain area of east *** fish has characteristic comb-like pharyngeal teeth,an adaptation to their typical vegetarian feeding *** paper deals with fossil pharyngeal teeth that related to grass carp,found from about 20 localities,ranging from the lower Oligocene to *** on the morphology of the teeth,we established two new genera and species related to the genus Ctenopharyngodon(Dezaoia saintjaquensis,Eoctenopharyngodon liui)and two new species of Ctenopharyngodon(*** and ***).The first recognized *** pharyngeal teeth were from the lower Pliocene of Yushe,Shanxi,and many others from 11 Pleistocene to Holocene *** from the materials and their occurrences,the grass carp may have originated from the western part of China during the early *** the Miocene,the grass-carp-like pharyngeal teeth were discovered from a vast area in China,indicating an appropriate atmosphere for the grass carp to develop,although the climate in the western part of China was possibly drier than that in the eastern *** the beginning of the Pliocene,as the consequence of a considerable uplift of the Tibetan Plateau,the large rivers in east asia finally formed,created favorable conditions for the Recent grass carp to *** teeth were collected in association with fossil ***,we are using the associated fossil mammals as the checking reference against which to test our interpretation of the surrounding environment of the water system in which the grass carp lived.

关键词： Comb-like pharyngeal teeth Grass carp and grass-carp-like fish Evolution Development of environment

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Water chemical behavior at Yangtze (Changjiang) River estuary

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B8期25卷 269-270页

作者： Sivaji Patra Congqiang LIU Siliang LI Fushun WANG Baoli WANG State Key laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China School of environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200436 China

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One stop shop Ⅱ:taxonomic update with molecular phylogeny for important phytopathogenic genera:26–50(2019)

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Fungal Diversity 2019年第1期 41-129页

作者： Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Kevin D.Hyde Rajesh Jeewon Masoomeh Ghobad-Nejhad Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe NingGuo Liu Alan J.L.Phillips Jose Ribamar COliveira-Filho Gladstone Ada Silva Tatiana B.Gibertoni P.Abeywikrama L.M.Carris K.W.T.Chethana A.J.Dissanayake S.Hongsanan S.C.Jayasiri A.R.McTaggart R.H.Perera K.Phutthacharoen K.G.Savchenko R.G.Shivas Naritsada Thongklang Wei Dong DePing Wei Nalin NWijayawardena Ji-Chuan Kang The Engineering Research Center of Southwest Biopharmaceutical Resources Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025People’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand Key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of east asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201People’s Republic of China Department of Health Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MauritiusReduitMauritius Department of Biotechnology Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology(IROST)P.O.Box 15815-3538Tehran 15819Iran World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de CienciasBiosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI)Campo Grande1749-016 LisbonPortugal Departamento de Micologia Universidade Federal de PernambucoAvenida da EngenhariaS/N-Cidade UniversitariaRecifePE 50740-600Brazil Beijing Key laboratory of Environmet Friendly Management on Fruit Disease and Pests in North China Institute of Plant and Environment ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097People’s Republic of China Department of Plant Pathology Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA College of Life Science and Oceanography ShenZhen University1068Nanhai AvenueNanshanShenzhen 518055China Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Department of Biological Sciences Butler UniversityIndianapolisIN 46208USA Centre for Crop Health University of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQLD 4350Australia Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Faculty of Agriculture National Resources and EnvironmentNaresuan UniversityPhitsanulok 65000Thailand

This paper is the second in a series focused on providing a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic *** focuses on 25 phytopathogenic genera:Alternaria,Bipolaris,Boeremia,Botryosphaeria,Calonectria,Coniella,Corticiaceae,Curvularia,Elsinoe,Entyloma,Erythricium,Fomitiporia,Fulviformes,Laetisaria,Limonomyces,Neofabraea,Neofusicoccum,Phaeoacremonium,Phellinotus,Phyllosticta,Plenodomus,Pseudopyricularia,Tilletia,Venturia and Waitea,using recent molecular data,up to date names and the latest taxonomic *** each genus a taxonomic background,diversity aspects,species identification and classification based on molecular phylogeny and recommended genetic markers are *** this study,varieties of the genus Boeremia have been elevated to species ***,Bipolaris,Curvularia,Neofusicoccum and Phyllosticta that were included in the One Stop Shop 1 paper are provided with updated entries,as many new species have been introduced to these genera.

关键词： Boeremia DNA barcodes Endophytes Plant pathology Systematics Taxonomy

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青藏高原黑碳气溶胶传输及沉降的季节特征模拟分析

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干旱气象 2014年第3期32卷 319-325页

作者：韩永翔孙海波刘建慧赵天良 S.L.Gong 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院江苏南京210044 Air Quality Research Division Science & Technology BranchEnvironment Canada

根据全球气溶胶气候模式GEM-AQ/EC的1995~2004年模拟,分析了青藏高原大气黑碳气溶胶的来源、传输及沉降季节特征。研究表明：青藏高原黑碳气溶胶主要来自自由对流层和大气边界层的输送。相对于自由对流层的黑碳输送,紧邻青藏高原的南亚... 详细信息

根据全球气溶胶气候模式GEM-AQ/EC的1995~2004年模拟,分析了青藏高原大气黑碳气溶胶的来源、传输及沉降季节特征。研究表明：青藏高原黑碳气溶胶主要来自自由对流层和大气边界层的输送。相对于自由对流层的黑碳输送,紧邻青藏高原的南亚、东亚以及东南亚大气边界层的输送更有效,它形成了青藏高原由北向南、自西往东黑碳气溶胶浓度和沉降明显递增的基本分布形态。横跨欧亚大陆自由对流层的黑碳气溶胶由西向东向青藏高原的输送全年不变,夏季输送路径最北但强度最弱,冬季路径最南而强度最强。大气边界层黑碳气溶胶的输送受控于亚洲季风环流变化,来自南亚的黑碳气溶胶在春季越过孟加拉湾传输进入高原东南部,夏季则可翻越喜马拉雅山抵达青藏高原南部腹地;同时我国中部排放的黑碳气溶胶也在东亚夏季风向北扩展中驱动它从东向西往青藏高原东北部传输。从秋季到冬季,随着夏季风撤退,南亚黑碳源区向青藏高原传输衰退,东亚冬季风的反气旋性环流的南侧及西南侧的偏东风携带秋季我国东南部源区和冬季东南亚源区黑碳气溶胶向青藏高原东南部传输。受青藏高原明显的暖湿季和干冷季气候影响,干湿沉降分别主导了青藏高原冬季和夏季黑碳沉降,夏季青藏高原黑碳气溶胶沉降总量大多超过8~10 kg·km-2,在高原东北部的最高值超过40 kg·km-2。冬季青藏高原黑碳气溶胶沉降量最低,大部地区黑碳沉降低于5 kg·km-2。青藏高原黑碳沉降的冬夏季节相差约为2~8倍。

关键词：黑碳气溶胶青藏高原气溶胶传输干湿沉降 GEM-AQ EC

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亚热带井冈山地区湿地沼泽记录的近4000年来植被和气候变化（英文）

亚热带井冈山地区湿地沼泽记录的近4000年来植被和气候变化（英文...

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中国古生物学会孢粉学分会第九届一次学术年会

作者：黄康有郑卓廖文波曹玲珑 Department of Earth Sciences Sun Yet-san University School of Life Sciences Sun Yet-san University South China Sea Marine Engineering and environment Institute SOA

Pollen analysis from a 165cm core in Jinggang Mts,Jiangxi Province was carried *** radiocarbon dates reveal a continuous record that encompasses the last 4000 cal yr *** pollen record reveals that climate was relatively cool at 4000200 cal yr BP and 2200300 cal yr BP and warmer at 3200800 cal yr BP and 130000 cal yr *** charcoal concentration demonstrates at least 6 major forest fire events since 4000 cal yr *** cold periods were characterized by temperate deciduous tree taxa such as Fagus and shrubs(Ericaceae).In contrast,the warm intervals were marked by subtropical evergreen broadleaved taxa such as oaks.A number of expansions in Alnus community representation indicate secondary forest,which should be caused by forest fire or human impact.A rapid formation of swamp at50 cal yr BP suggests a gradual drying up of the lake that may be related to"the Little Ice Age".We interpret the highest values of Alnus,wetland herbs and Charcoal concentration in the last 200 years as a result of a substantial burning related to an intensification of the cultivation *** record shows also several sharp changes in vegetation which may well coincide with collapses of a Chinese dynasty,which allows to interpret better the interaction between human inferences and natural changes.

关键词： Late Holocene pollen analysis Charcoal east asian Summer Monsoon Subtropical China

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