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Characteristics and phytotoxicity of hydrochar-derived dissolved organic matter:Effects of feedstock type and hydrothermal temperature

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 139-148页

作者： Qianqian Lang Xuan Guo Chao Wang Lingyao Li Yufei Li Junxiang Xu Xiang Zhao Jijin Li Bensheng Liu Qinping Sun Guoyuan Zou Institute of plant nutrition and Resources Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

The dissolved organic matter(DOM)with high mobility and reactivity plays a crucial role in *** this study,the characteristics and phytotoxicity ofDOMreleased fromthe hydrochars prepared from different feedstocks(cowmanure,corn stalk and Myriophyllum aquaticum)under three hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)temperatures(180,200 and 220°C)were *** results showed that the hydrochars had high dissolved organic carbon content(20.15 to 37.65 mg/g)and its content showed a gradual reduction as HTC temperature *** fluorescent components including mixed substance of fulvic acid-like and humic acid-like substances(C1,30.92%-58.32%),UVA humic acid-like substance(C2,25.27%-29.94%)and protein-like substance(C3,11.74%-41.92%)were identified in hydrochar DOM by excitation emission matrix spectra coupled with parallel factor *** HTC temperature increased the relative proportion of aromatic substances(C1+C2)and humification degree of hydrochar DOM from cow manure,while it presented adverse effects on the hydrochar DOM from corn stalk and *** principal component analysis suggested that feedstock type and HTC temperature posed significant effects on the characteristics of hydrochar ***,seed germination test of all hydrochar DOM demonstrated that the root length was reduced by 8.88%-26.43%in contrast with control,and the germination index values were 73.57%-91.12%.These findings provided new insights into the potential environmental effects for hydrochar application in soil.

关键词： Hydrochar Hydrothermal temperature Dissolved organic matter Excitation emission matrix Parallel factor analysis Phytotoxicity

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The genetic basis and improvement of photosynthesis in tomato

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Horticultural plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 69-84页

作者： Haiqiang Dong Fangman Li Xiaoxiao Xuan John Kojo Ahiakpa Jinbao Tao Xingyu Zhang Pingfei Ge Yaru Wang Wenxian Gai Yuyang Zhang National Key laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070 China Hubei Hongshan laboratory Wuhan 430070China Shenzhen Institute of nutrition and Health Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministryof AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China

Photosynthesis is one the most important chemical reaction in plants,and it is the ultimate energy source of any living *** light and dark reactions are two essential phases of *** reaction harvests light energy to synthesize ATP and NADPH through an electron transport chain,and as well as giving out O_(2);dark reaction fixes CO_(2) into six carbon sugars by utilizing NADPH and energy from ***,plants convert optical energy into chemical energy for maintaining growth and development through absorbing light ***,firstly,we highlighted the biological importance of photosynthesis,and hormones and metabolites,photosynthetic and regulating enzymes,and signaling components that collectively regulate photosynthesis in ***,we reviewed the advances in tomato photosynthesis,including two aspects of genetic basis and genetic *** genes regulating tomato photosynthesis are gradually uncovered,and the interaction network among those genes remains to be ***,the photosynthesis occurring in fruit of tomato and the relationship between photosynthesis in leaf and fruit were *** and fruits are photosynthate sources and sinks of tomato respectively,and interaction between photosynthesis in leaf and fruit ***,future perspectives that needs to be addressed on tomato photosynthesis were proposed.

关键词： Photosynthesis Tomato Genetics Improvement Leaf Fruit

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Dietary supplementation with citrus peel extract in transition period improves rumen microbial composition and ameliorates energy metabolism and lactation performance of dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 441-454页

作者： Lingxue Ju Qi Shao Zhiyuan Fang Erminio Trevisi Meng Chen Yuxiang Song Wenwen Gao Lin Lei Xinwei Li Guowen Liu Xiliang Du State Key laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of EducationInstitute of ZoonosisCollege of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchun 130062China Department of Animal Sciences Food and NutritionFaculty of AgricultureFood and Environmental ScienceUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuorePiacenza 29122Italy

Background During the transition period,excessive negative energy balance(NEB)lead to metabolic disorders and reduced milk *** microbes are responsible for resolving plant material and producing volatile fatty acids(VFA),which are the primary energy source for *** this study,we aimed to investigate the effect of citrus peel extract(CPE)supplementation on rumen microbiota composition,energy metabolism and milk performance of peri-partum dairy *** Dairy cows were fed either a basal diet(CON group)or the same basal diet supplemented with CPE via intragastric administration(4 g/d,CPE group)for 6 weeks(3 weeks before and 3 weeks after calving;n=15 per group).Samples of serum,milk,rumen fluid,adipose tissue,and liver were collected to assess the effects of CPE on rumen microbiota composition,rumen fermentation parameters,milk performance,and energy metabolic status of dairy *** CPE supplementation led to an increase in milk yield,milk protein and lactose contents,and serum glucose levels,while reduced serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid,β-hydroxybutyric acid,insulin,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and haptoglobin during the first month of *** supplemen-tation also increased the content of ruminal *** to the CON group,the abundance of Prevotellaceae,Methanobacteriaceae,Bacteroidales_RF16_group,and Selenomonadaceae was found increased,while the abun-dance of Oscillospiraceae,F082,Ruminococcaceae,Christensenellaceae,Muribaculaceae UCG-011,Saccharimona-daceae,Hungateiclostridiaceae,and Spirochaetaceae in the CPE group was found *** adipose tissue,CPE supplementation decreased lipolysis,and inflammatory response,while increased insulin *** the liver,CPE supplementation decreased lipid accumulation,increased insulin sensitivity,and upregulated expression of genes involved in *** Our findings suggest that CPE supplementation during the peripartum period

关键词： Adipose tissue Citrus peel extract Energy metabolism Liver Rumen microbiota

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plant-derived polyphenols in sow nutrition:An update

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Animal nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 96-107页

作者： Jun Chen Zhouyin Huang Xuehai Cao Tiande Zou Jinming You Wutai Guan Jiangxi Province Key laboratory of Animal nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Animal nutrition Control College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China

Oxidative stress is a potentially critical factor that affects productive performance in gestating and lactating *** are a large class of plant secondary metabolites that possess robust antioxidant *** polyphenols are structurally characterized by aromatic rings with multiple hydrogen hydroxyl groups;those make polyphenols perfect hydrogen atoms and electron donors to neutralize free radicals and other reactive oxygen *** the past decade,increasing attention has been paid to polyphenols as functional feed additives for *** have been found to alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress in sows,boost their reproductivity,and promote offspring growth and *** this review,we provided a systematical summary of the latest research advances in plant-derived polyphenols in sow nutrition,and mainly focused on the effects of polyphenols on the(1)antioxidant and immune functions of sows,(2)placental functions and the growth and development of fetal piglets,(3)mammary gland functions and the growth and development of suckling piglets,and(4)the long-term growth and development of progeny *** output of this review provides an important foundation,from more than 8,000 identified plant phenols,to screen potential polyphenols(or polyphenol-enriched plants)as functional feed additives suitable for gestating and lactating sows.

关键词： Offspring pig plant-derived polyphenols Sow nutrition

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Identification of long InDels through whole genome resequencing to fine map qIF05-1 for seed isoflavone content in soybean(Glycine max L. Merr.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 85-100页

作者： Jia Jia Huan Wang Ximeng Yang Bo Chen Ruqian Wei Qibin Ma Yanbo Cheng Hai Nian Key laboratory of plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province/College of Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China State Key laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Provincial laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Soybean seed isoflavones are a type of secondary metabolites that can provide health and nutrition benefits for humans. In our previous study, a stable quantitative trait locus(QTL) qIF05-1 controlling the seed isoflavone content in soybean was detected on chromosome(Chr.) 05 in a recombinant inbred line(RIL) population from a cross of Huachun 2×Wayao. In this study, the parental lines were re-sequenced using the Illumina Solexa System with deep coverage. A total of 63,099 polymorphic long insertions and deletions(InDels)(≥15 bp)were identified between the parents Huachun 2 and Wayao. The InDels were unevenly distributed on 20chromosomes of soybean, varying from 1,826 in Chr. 12 to 4,544 in Chr. 18. A total of 10,002 long InDels(15.85% of total) were located in genic regions, including 1,139 large-effect long InDels which resulted in truncated or elongated protein sequences. In the qIF05-1 region, 68 long InDels were detected between the two parents. Using a progeny recombination experiment and genotype analysis, the qIF05-1 locus was mapped into a 102.2 kb genomic region, and this region contained 12 genes. By RNA-seq data analysis, genome sequence comparison and functional validation through ectopic expression in Arabidopsis thaliana, Glyma.05G208300(described as GmEGL3), which is a basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH) transcription factor in plants, emerged as the most likely confirmed gene in qIF05-1. These long InDels can be used as a type of complementary genetic method for QTL fine mapping, and they can facilitate genetic studies and molecular-assisted selection breeding in soybean.

关键词： soybean seed isoflavone content whole genome re-sequencing long InDels fine map

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Shoot Apex Demand Determines Assimilate and Nutrients Partitioning and Nutrient-uptake Rate in Tobacco plants

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2007年第11期49卷 1654-1661页

作者： Huai-Yu Yang Chun-Jian Li Fu-Suo Zhang The Key laboratory of plant nutrition Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of Education Department of Plant Nutrition China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China

Our previous experiment revealed that apex-removed plants have larger root systems but a lower K＋-uptake rates than intact tobacco plants. Since the apex is not only a center of growth and metabolism, but also an important place of auxin synthesis and export, the aims of this study were to distinguish whether the apex demand or auxin synthesized in the apex regulates assimilate and nutrients partitioning within plant, and to explain the reason for the lower K＋-uptake rate of the apex-removed plant. In comparison with the control plant, covering the shoot apex with a black transparent plastic bag reduced net increases in dry matter and nutrients; however, the distribution of the dry matter and nutrients between shoot and roots and nutrient-uptake rates were not changed. Removal of the shoot apex shifted the dry mass and nutrients distributions to roots, and reduced the rate of nutrient uptake. Application of 1-naphthylacetic acid （NAA） could partly replace the role of the removed apex, stimulated assimilate and nutrient deposition into the treated tissue, and enhanced the reduced plasma membrane ATPase activity of roots to the control level. However, treatment of the apex-removed plants with NAA could not rescue the reduced nutrient uptake rate and the shifted assimilates and nutrients partitioning caused by excision of the apex. Higher nutrient uptake rate of the intact plants could not be explained by root growth parameters, such as total root surface area and number of root tips. The results from the present study indicate that strong apex demand determined assimilates and nutrients partitioning and nutrient-uptake rate in tobacco （Nicotiana tabacum） plants.

关键词： assimilate and nutrient partitioning auxin nutrient uptake removal of the shoot apex shoot apex demand tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum).

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Ammonium improves iron nutrition by decreasing leaf apoplastic pH of sunflower plants(Helianthus annuus ***)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第20期48卷 2215-2220页

作者： ZOU Chunqin & ZHANG Fusuo Key laboratory of plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education Key laboratory of plant nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture of China Department of plant nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China Correspondence should be addressed to Zhang Fusuo (e-mail: zhangfs@ ***) Key laboratory of plant-Soil Interaction Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition Ministry of Agriculture of China Department of Plant Nutrition China Agricultural University Beijing China

The effect of nitrogen form on pH and concentration of soluble iron (Fe) in leaf apoplast was investigated in hydrophonically grown sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Frankasol), and the mechanism underlying the improved Fe nutrition by ammonium (NH4) supply was also elucidated. Ammonium supply ameliorated Fe nutrition of plants grown without Fe through decreasing apoplastic pH and increasing soluble Fe concentration in apoplastic fluid of young leaves. The soluble Fe concentration in apoplastic fluid and cell sap of young leaves, and xylem exudates of NH4 fed-plants was higher than that of nitrate (NO3) fed-plants, and no typical Fe-deficiency chlorosis in young leaves was observed in NH4 fed plant without Fe supply. The apoplastic pH was 6.15 and 5.94 in young leaves of Fe-deficient plants fed respectively with NO3 and NH4, while in Fe-sufficient plants, the apoplastic pH was 6.43 with NO3, and 5.50 with NH4 supply. In primary leaves, the apoplastic pH was around 6.25 irrespective of nitrogen form and Fe supply. The pH of xylem exudate was 5.72 in Fe-deficient plants fed with NO3 and 5.49 with NH4. Iron nutrition increased the pH of xylem exudate by 0.27 and 0.16 unit under NO3 and NH4 supply respectively.

关键词：向日葵铁营养学非原质体 pH值氮铵赋存形态植物生理学

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Long-term combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers increases crop yield sustainability by improving soil fertility in maize-wheat cropping systems

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 290-305页

作者： Jinfeng Wang Xueyun Yang Shaomin Huang Lei Wu Zejiang Cai Minggang Xu Institute of Eco-environment and Industrial Technology Shanxi Agricultural University/Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient ResourcesTaiyuan 030031China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of plant nutrition Resources and EnvironmentHenan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou 450002China Key laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affaris/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academyof Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China National Field Observation and Research Station of Farmland Ecosystem in Qiyang Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesYongzhou 426100China

Organic material combined with inorganic fertilizer has been shown to greatly improve crop yield and maintain soil fertility globally. However, it remains unclear if crop yield and soil fertility can be sustained in the long term under the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Three long-term field trials were conducted to investigate the effects of organic amendments on the grain sustainable yield index(SYI), soil fertility index(SFI)and nutrient balance in maize–wheat cropping systems of central and southern China during 1991–2019. Five treatments were included in the trials: 1) no fertilization(control);2) balanced mineral fertilization(NPK);3) NPK plus manure(NPKM);4) high dose of NPK plus manure(1.5NPKM);and 5) NPK plus crop straw(NPKS). Over time, the grain yields of wheat and maize showed an increasing trend in all four fertilization treatments at the Yangling(YL) and Zhengzhou(ZZ) locations, while they declined at Qiyang(QY). The grain yield in the NPKM and 1.5NPKM treatments gradually exceeded that of the NPK and NPKS treatments at the QY site. The largest SYI was recorded in the NPKM treatment across the three sites, suggesting that inorganic fertilizer combined with manure can effectively improve crop yield sustainability. Higher SYI values were recorded at the YL and ZZ sites than at the QY site, possibly because the soil was more acid at QY. The key factors affecting grain yield were soil available phosphorus(AP) and available potassium(AK) at the YL and ZZ sites, and pH and AP at the QY *** fertilization treatments resulted in soil N and P surpluses at the three sites, but soil K surpluses were recorded only at the QY site. The SFI was greater in the 1.5NPKM, NPKM and NPKS treatments than in the NPK treatment by 13.3–40.0 and 16.4–63.6% at the YL and ZZ sites, respectively, and was significantly higher in the NPKM and 1.5NPKM treatments than in the NPK and NPKS treatments at the QY site. A significant, positive linear relation

关键词： organic amendments crop yield yield sustainability soil fertility nutrient balance

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Harmonizing metabolic blueprint of flavor using complementary genomic insights

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Molecular plant 2025年第1期18卷 19-21页

作者： Rhowell N.Tiozon Jr Nese Sreenivasulu Consumer-driven Grain Quality and nutrition Research Unit International Rice Research InstituteLos BanosLagunaPhilippines

A key component of the sensory experience is flavor, which reflects preferred customer desires for higher-quality fruits, vegetables, and cereals. However, breeders are currently facing difficulty in capturing flavor qualities across crops, which requires the deployment of multi-disciplinary genomics technologies to identify novel alleles and validate the function using genome editing techniques. Recently, Luo et al. (2024) published a work in Molecular plant, reporting that the flavor traits of waxy corn are influenced by the preferential selection of brassinosteroid and benzoxazinoid pathway genes (ZmBZR1, ZmUGP1, and the benzoxazinoid biosynthetic [bx] genes), which caused significant differences in metabolic pathways of sweet metabolites such as 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one-glucoside (DIMBOA) and raffinose. Furthermore, flavor perception in the waxy corn population is unaffected by the desired breeding characteristic of “glutinous” texture.

关键词： complementary insight desired

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Penetration of foliar-applied Zn and its impact on apple plant nutrition status:in vivo evaluation by synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 967-978页

作者： Ruohan Xie Jianqi Zhao Lingli Lu Patrick Brown Jiansheng Guo Shengke Tian MOE Key laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health College of Environmental and Resource ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Subtropic Soil and plant nutrition Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310020China Center of Cryo-Electron Microscopy Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China

The absorption of foliar fertilizer is a complex process and is poorly *** ability to visualize and quantify the pathway that elements take following their application to leaf surfaces is critical for understanding the science and for practical applications of foliar *** the use of synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence to analyze the in vivo localization of elements,our study aimed to investigate the penetration of foliar-applied Zn absorbed by apple(Malus domestica Borkh.)leaves with different physiological surface properties,as well as the possible interactions between foliar Zn level and the mineral nutrient status of treated *** results indicate that the absorption of foliar-applied Zn was largely dependent on plant leaf surface ***-resolution elemental maps revealed that the high binding capacity of the cell wall for Zn contributed to the observed limitation of Zn penetration across epidermal *** density and stomatal aperture had opposite effects on Zn fertilizer penetration:a relatively high density of trichomes increased the hydrophobicity of leaves,whereas the presence of stomata facilitated foliar Zn *** levels of Zn promoted the accumulation of other mineral elements in treated leaves,and the complexation of Zn with phytic acid potentially occurred owing to exposure to high-Zn *** present study provides direct visual evidence for the Zn penetration process across the leaf surface,which is important for the development of strategies for Zn biofortification in crop species.

关键词： vivo Penetration impact

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