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Evolution of plant reproduction:From fusion and dispersal to interaction and communication

Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第14期54卷 2390-2403页

作者： WILLEMSE Michiel T M laboratory of plant cytology and morphology Wageningen University6717LM EdeThe Netherlands

Based on the existing data concerning the evolution of the sexual reproduction, it is argued that the processes of sex differentiation and interactions play a key role in evolution. From the beginning environment and organism are unified. In a changing dynamic environment life originates and the interaction between life and environment develops from simple to more complex organisms. Sexual reproduction is introduced after the origin of meiosis and is a key process in evolution. The asexual reproduction process prepares to dispersal. Sexual reproduction process adds the genome renewal and the gamete-gamete interaction. Reproduction and dispersal are connected and the process of reproduction has similarities between asexual and sexual reproduction. Unicellular algae develop the physiological and morphological sex differentiation. Sex differentiation is connected with the way of dispersal. The step to multicellular plants introduces cell isolation after meiosis and by the stay on the mother plant within a cell or organ, plant-cell apoplastic interaction originates and by prolonged stay the plant-plant interaction. This stay influences the type of dispersal. A life cycle with alternation of generations and two moments of dispersal permits plants to go on land. In ferns a shift in the moment of sex differentiation to meiospore happens and the stay of the macrospore leads to the seed plants. In water all types of sexual reproduction, interactions and the alternation of generations are prepared and these are used to conquest land. On land the biotic dispersal is realized. The phylogeny of sexual reproduction reveals that the sex differentiation and interaction are the main causes in the evolution of sexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction shows interactions during gamete fusion, between organism and environment and in multicellular plants between organisms. With respect to other types of interaction as in symbiosis or the nutrient chain, interaction is considered as an im

关键词：基因组蕨类植物植物细胞有性生殖

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THE INDUCTION OF THE POLLEN plantLETS OF TRITICALE AND CAPSICUM ANNUUM FROM ANTHER CULTURE

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Science in China,Ser.A 1973年第1期 147-151页

作者：王玉英孙敬三王敬驹钱南芬 laboratory of plant morphology and cytology Institute of Botany Academia Sinica Peking

Anther culture for obtaining haploids is not only of practical value in breeding work but also of theoretical significance in basic biological seiences, such as genetics, cytology, embryology, etc. Hence, after Guba and Maheshwari (1966) reported the induced embryoids of Datura innoxia being the hybrids for the first time, their report has widely attracted the attention of the investigators front many countries. Until

关键词： THE INDUCTION OF THE POLLEN plantLETS OF TRITICALE AND CAPSICUM ANNUUM FROM ANTHER CULTURE

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Alternate paradigms on Zika virus-related complications:An analytical review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第7期10卷 701-704页

作者： Baburajan Radha Gnanaraj Muniraj MVK Hospital-Hitech Diagnostic laboratory Tanjavur-02Tamil NaduIndia Department of plant morphology and Algology School of Biological SciencesMadurai Kamaraj UniversityMadurai-21Tamil NaduIndia

The proportion of the reported cases of Zika virus(ZIKV) infection reached the status of a pandemic. Numerous studies are being conducted on the isolation of ZIKV strains from various epidemics, diagnosis of the infections, various animal models and cell culture designs to study the pathogenesis of ZIKV in the attempts to find an effective ZIKV vaccine. This review focuses upon the 'Off-Spectrum' body of studies which analyses the epidemiology, pathogenesis and other attributes of ZIKV in the light of various dissident hypotheses.

关键词： Zika Virus Microcephaly Neurotropism Koch’s postulates Placenta Vaccines

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Isolation, Identification, and Herbicidal Activity of Metabolites Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa CB-4

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第8期13卷 1719-1726页

作者： YANG Juan CAO Hong-zhe WANG Wei ZHANG Li-hui DONG Jin-gao Mycotoxin and Molecular plant Pathology laboratory Agricultural University of Hebei

CB-4, a bacterial strain with highly effective herbicidal activity, was isolated from infected corn leaves. Through morphology, physiological and biochemical tests, and 16 S ribosomal DNA gene sequencing methods, CB-4 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We conducted activity-evaluation experiments in the laboratory to assess the herbicidal potential of metabolites produced by strain CB-4. Crude extracts of strain CB-4 have high inhibition activity on Digitaria sanguinalis. In general, the root and shoot growth parameters of D. sanguinalis were significantly reduced by metabolites of strain CB-4. The IC50 of the culture filtrate extracts for the radicula and coleoptile of D. sanguinalis were 0.299 and 0.210 mg mL-1, respectively. Component 2 of the herbicidal activity of the crude toxin from strain CB-4 was successfully purified for the first time by using high-speed counter current chromatography with a two-phase solvent system composed of petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-methanol-water（4：5：4：5, v/v） and high-performance liquid chromatography. We concluded that the metabolites of strain CB-4 have the potential to be developed as a microbe-based herbicide.

关键词： Pseudomonas aeruginosa bioherbicide biocontrol HSCCC HPLC

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Rab-H_1b is essential for trafficking of cellulose synthase and for hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2018年第11期60卷 1051-1069页

作者： Ming He Miao Lan Baocai Zhang Yihua Zhou Youqun Wang Lei Zhu Ming Yuan Ying Fu State Key laboratory of plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University State Key laboratory of plant Genomics and National plant Gene Research Center Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biologythe Chinese Academy of Sciences

Ceil-wall deposition of cellulose microfibrils is essential for plant growth and development. In plant cells, cellulose synthesis is accomplished by cellulose synthase complexes located in the plasma membrane. Trafficking of the complex between endomembrane compartments and the plasma membrane is vital for cellulose biosynthesis; however, the mechanism for this process is not well understood. We here report that, in Arabidopsis thaliana, Rab-H1b, a Golgi-localized small GTPase, participates in the trafficking of CELLULOSE SYNTHASE 6 （CESA6） to the plasma membrane. Loss of Rab-Hlb function resulted in altered distribution and motility of CESA6 in the plasma membrane and reduced cellulose content. Seedlings with this defect exhibited short, fragile etiolated *** of CESA6 was impaired in rab-Mb cells, and endocytosis in mutant cells was significantly reduced as well. We further observed accumulation of vesicles around an abnormal Golgi apparatus having an increased number of cisternae in rab-Mb cells, suggesting a defect in cisternal homeostasis caused by Rab-Hlb loss function. Our findings link Rab GTPases to cellulose biosynthesis, during hypo- cotyl growth, and suggest Rab-Hlb is crucial for modulating the trafficking of cellulose synthase complexes between endomembrane compartments and the plasma membrane and for maintaining Golgi organization and morphology.

关键词： Rab-H1b is essential for trafficking of cellulose synthase and for hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis thaliana

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plant Peroxisome Multiplication:Highly Regulated and Still Enigmatic

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2007年第8期49卷 1112-1118页

作者： Jianping Hu Department of Energy plant Research laboratory and plant Biology Department Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA

plant peroxisomes play a key role in numerous physiological processes and are able to adapt to environmental changes by altering their content, morphology, and abundance. Peroxisomes can multiply through elongation, constriction, and fission; this process requires the action of conserved, as well as species-specific proteins. Genetic and morphological analyses have been used with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to determine at the mechanistic level how plant peroxisomes increase their abundance. The five-member PEXll family promotes early steps of peroxisome multiplication with an unknown mechanism and some subfamily specificities. The dynamin-related protein （DRP）3 subfamily of dynaminrelated large guanosine triphosphatases mediates late steps of both peroxisomal and mitochondrial multiplication. New genetic and biochemical tools will be needed to identify additional, especially plant-specific, constituents of the peroxisome multiplication pathways.

关键词： Arabidopsis dynamin-related proteins peroxisome multiplication PEXl1

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Fine Root Patterning and Balanced Inorganic Phosphorus Distribution in the Soil Indicate Distinctive Adaptation of Maize plants to Phosphorus Deficiency

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Pedosphere 2012年第6期22卷 870-877页

作者： ZHANG Yu YU Peng PENG Yun-Feng LI Xue-Xiun CHEN Fan-Jun LI Chun-Jian Key laboratory of plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationDepartment of Plant NutritionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193(China)

plants have diverse strategies to cope with phosphorus （P） deficiency. To better understand how maize responds to P deficiency, a field experiment with two P levels, 0 and 100 kg P205 ha-1 （P0 and P100, respectively）, was carried out as a part of a long-term Pfertilizer field trial. plant and soil analyses showed that P-deficient maize reduced its growth rate, increased P use efficiency, and formed more thin roots with the diameter less than 0.6 mm at jointing and silking stages, compared to the plants treated with P100. Further, there were no differences in major inorganic P fractions （Ca2-P, Cas-P, Al-P, Fe-P, occluded P and Ca10-P） between the rhizospheric and bulk soils at each harvest, even when soil Olsen-P was only 1.38 mg kg-1. These results suggested that maize responded to P deficiency by reducing the internal P demand for growth and increasing P acquisition ability by favorable root morphological alteration at low carbon cost.

关键词： inorganic phosphorus fractions phosphorus starvation rhizosphere root length root morphology

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Earliest fossil fruit record of the genus Paliurus(Rhamnaceae) in Eastern Asia

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第4期59卷 824-830页

作者： HAN Meng CHEN Gang SHI XiangGang JIN JianHua State Key laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of plant Resources School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen University

The genus Paliurus is characterized by its distinctive orbicular-winged fruits and a trilocular(or bilocular) ovary. Macrofossil records suggested this genus was distributed widely in North America, Europe, and Asia during the Paleogene and Neogene, before its present limitation to Eurasia. In this study, we describe some Paliurus fossil winged fruits from the lower part of Youganwo Formation(middle Eocene) and Huangniuling Formation(late Eocene) of the Maoming Basin, South China. These fruits are recognized as Paliurus favonii Unger based on a detailed study on the fossil morphology and cuticle characteristics. This represents the earliest occurrence of Paliurus fossil fruits in eastern Asia, and to date is the world's lowest latitude appearance for this genus. The most ancient records of Paliurus throughout the world are from the middle Eocene of North America and the late Eocene of Japan, leading some researchers to conclude the Paliurus may have originated in North America. Molecular data, however, do not support this hypothesis. The present Paliurus fossil fruits provide new evidence for the origin and phytogeographic history of this genus.

关键词： Paliurus Fossil fruit Biogeography Eocene South China

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Searchlight trapping reveals seasonal cross-ocean migration of fall armyworm over the South China Sea

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第3期20卷 673-684页

作者： ZHOU Xian-yong WU Qiu-lin JIA Hui-ru WU Kong-ming College of plant Protection Southwest UniversityChongqing 400716P.R.China State Key laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese

The fall armyworm(FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda,is a migratory noctuid pest that has recently invaded eastern *** 2017 up till 2020,searchlight trapping was used to assess the extent of FAW migration across the South China *** and morphology-based identification confirmed that FAW made its first appearance on Yongxing Island on 11 April 2019,with most trapped individuals belonging to the ***"corn-strain".Carbon isotope analysis further showed that FAW moths originated from C4 host plants,while trajectory analyses revealed that migratory *** adults are able to cross the South China Sea and enter China's *** long-distance migration process plausibly results in frequent genetic mixing between domestic FAW populations and those of neighboring Southeast Asian ***,this work provides unique insights into FAW migration across eastern Asia and ultimately can help advance pest forecasting,risk assessment and area-wide pest management.

关键词： Spodoptera frugiperda host strain isotope trajectory analysis cross-ocean migration invasion biology

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Functional map of the macroglomerular complex of male Helicoverpaarmigera

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 109-124页

作者： Xiao-Lan Liu Xi Chu Long-Long Sun Ya-Nan Wang Gui-Ying Xie Wen-Bo Chen Yang Liu Bente GBerg Shi-Heng An Gui-Rong Wang Xin-Ming Yin Xin-Cheng Zhao Henan International Joint laboratory of Green Pest Control College of Plant ProtectionHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina State Key laboratory for Biology of plant Disease and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBejingChina Chemosensory laboratory Department of PsychologyNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway

The mechanism of sex pheromone reception in the male cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera has been extensively studied because it has become an important model system for understanding insect ***,the pathways of pheromone processing from the antenna to the primary olfactory center in *** have not yet been ***,the physiology and morphology of male *** olfactory sensory neurons(OSNs)were studied using single sensillum recording along with anterograde filling and intracellular recording with retrograde *** localized in type A sensilla responded to the major pheromone component cis-11-hexadecenal,and the axonal terminals projected to the cumulus(Cu)of the macroglomerular complex(MGC).The OSNs in type B sensilla respondcd to the bchavioral antagonist cis-9-tetradecenal,and the axonal terminals projected to the dorsomedial anterior(DMA)unit of the *** type C sensilla,there were 2 OSNs:one that responded to cis-9-tetradecenal and cis-11-hexadecenol with the axonal terminals projecting to the DMA,and another that responded to the secondary pheromone components cis-9-hexadecenal and cis-9-tetradecenal with the axonal terminals projecting to the dorsomedial posterior(DMP)unit of the *** A and type B sensilla also housed the secondary OSNs,which were silent neurons with axonal terminals projected to the glomerulus G49 and ***,the neural pathways that carry information on attractiveness and aversiveness in response to female pheromone components in *** exhibit distinct projections to the MGC units.

关键词： intracellular recording/retrograde filling macroglomerular complex olfactory sensory neuron single sensillum recording/anterograde filling

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