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Buried interface bridging for inverted cesium-formamidinium triiodide perovskite solar cells with long operational stability

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 163-173页

作者： Chenhui Zhang Chunjun Liang Fulin Sun Ting Zhu Xinghai Huang Yuzhu Guo Xinyu Guo Kunyang Ge Dan Li Fangtian You Zhiqun He Key laboratory of Luminescence and optical Information Ministry of EducationInstitute of Optoelectronic TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Department of physics School of Physical Science and EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

In the field of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the research on defects in the buried interface has been relatively limited due to its non-exposure;however,this interface significantly impacts the performance enhancement of inverted *** study employs phenylethylammonium chloride(PEACl)molecules as a buffer layer to modify the buried interface of p-i-n structured PSCs,aiming to enhance the uniformity of self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)and facilitate the uniform nucleation and growth of perovskite films on the ***,the introduction of the PEACl buffer layer effectively passivates defects at the bottom of the perovskite layer and notably enhances the crystal quality of the perovskite film by mitigating residual stress,thereby reducing nonradiative recombination *** these optimizations,the MA-free PSCs treated with PEACl achieve a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 24.11%,with significant improvements in storage,thermal stability,and operational *** noteworthy is the device's performance in an unencapsulated state,whereas after 1,500 hours of continuous light operation stability testing,it retains 97%of its original *** study not only enriches the systematic understanding of the characteristics of the buried interface in PSCs but also contributes significantly to advancing the commercial production of perovskite photovoltaic technology.

关键词： defect-induced recombination buried interfaces inverted perovskite solar cells crystallization lattice mismatch

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On load dependence of detachment rate of kinesin motor

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Chinese physics B 2025年第1期34卷 498-505页

作者： Xiao-Xuan Shi Yao Wang Yu-Ru Liu Ping Xie School of Pharmaceutical Engineering Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational CollegeChongqing 401220China laboratory of Soft Matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Kinesin is an archetypal microtubule-based molecular motor that can generate force to transport cargo in cells. The load dependence of the detachment rate is an important factor of the kinesin motor, the determination of which is critically related to the chemomechanical coupling mechanism of the motor. Here, we use three models for the load dependence of the detachment rate of the kinesin motor to study theoretically and numerically the maximal force generated and microtubuleattachment duration of the motor. By comparing the theoretical and numerical results with the available experimental data,we show that only one model can explain well the available experimental data, indicating that only this model can be applicable to the kinesin motor.

关键词： kinesin detachment rate generated force chemomechanical coupling mechanism optical trapping

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Multi-instrumental observations of nighttime X-pattern of equatorial ionization anomaly during magnetically quiet time: case study

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Earth and Planetary physics 2025年第02期 410-423页

作者： XinYi Rang Chao Xiong YuHao Zheng Jing Liu Yu Jiao ShunZu Gao YuYang Huang Xin Wan Fan Yin Department of Space physics Electronic Information School Wuhan University School of Space Science and physics Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space Sciences Shandong University Planetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research laboratory (PEARL) School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yatsen University

In this study, we provide a detailed case study of the X-pattern of equatorial ionization anomaly(EIA) observed on the night of September 12, 2021 by the Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk(GOLD) mission. Unlike most previous studies about the X-pattern observed under the severely disturbed background ionosphere, this event is observed under geomagnetically quiet and low solar activity conditions. GOLD's continuous observations reveal that the X-pattern intensity evolves with local time, while its center's longitude remains constant. The total electron content(TEC) data derived from the ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) network aligns well with GOLD observations in capturing the formation of the X-pattern, extending coverage to areas beyond GOLD's observational reach. Additionally, the ESA's Swarm mission show that both sides of the X-pattern can coincide with the occurrence of small-scale equatorial plasma bubbles(EPBs). To further analyze the possible drivers of the X-pattern, observations from the Ionospheric Connection Explorer(ICON) satellite were used. It shows that the latitudinal expansion(or width) between the EIA crests in two hemispheres is proportional(or inversely proportional) to the upward(or downward) plasma drift velocity, which suggests that the zonal electric field should have a notable influence on the formation of EIA X-pattern. Further simulations using the SAMI2 model support this mechanism, as the X-pattern of EIA is successfully reproduced by setting the vertical plasma drift to different values at different longitudes.

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Mossbauer,optical and structural properties of Fe^(3+) ion in borate glass

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 162-170,I0006页

作者： Essam A.Elkelany Hesham Y.Amin A.Samir M.M.EL-Hady H.H.El-Bahnasawy Moukhtar A.Hassan Basic Science Department Faculty of EngineeringSinai UniversityAl-Arish45511Egypt School of Information and Electrical Engineering Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou30015China State Key laboratory of Modern optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Basic Science Department Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha University11629Egypt physics Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar University11884CairoEgypt

Lanthanum-bearing iron lithium borate glass is a quaternary system for oxide glasses and was prepared via the melt-quenching *** present article correlates the structure,optical,ligand field and M?ssbauer data on iron lithium borate glass co ntaining La^(3+).The density was measured,while the molar volume was *** physical parameters are *** increasing the La_(2)O_(3) content within the glass network,infrared spectra analysis reveals structural modifications such as the increase in BO_(4) units and the decline in both BO_(3) units and NBO bonds ***,optical absorption spectra were *** absorption spectra disclose a plethora of electronic transitions that are related to Fe^(3+)in tetrahedral and octahedral sites,however,Fe^(2+)phase is not observed in optical spectra,but it has a clear signature in M?ssbauer ***,the glass absorption edges undergo a clear blue shift,reflecting an increased band gap energy(1.96-2.28 eV).The decline in NBO bonds justifies this ***,the values of crystal field splitting are increased,while the values of Racah parameters are *** trend is justified by the decline in NBO bonds and increases electron localization around Fe cations.M?ssbauer spectra confirm the existence of Fe^(3+)in tetrahedral and octahedral sites,while Fe^(2+)exists in only a tetrahedral *** increasing La_(2)O_(3) content,the isomer shift of Fe^(3+)in tetrahedral sites changes to be 0.312-0.329 mm/s,while the isomer shift of octahedral Fe^(3+)is 0.424-0.456 mm/*** findings coincide with optical *** the isomer shift of tetrahedral Fe^(2+)is 0.902-0.911 mm/*** results of structural,optical and ligand field associated with M?ssbauer spectra open more vistas toward the utility of these samples in the optics realm.

关键词： Fe3+ions Rare-earth oxide Mossbauer spectra Ligand field parameters optical properties

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Gate-controlled multistate modulation in few-layer graphene via layer-by-layer ion intercalation

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第04期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 5-12页

作者： Siyi Zhou Shaorui Li Yongchao Wang Chenglin Yu Yayu Wang Jinsong Zhang State Key laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum physics Department of Physics Tsinghua University Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Hefei National laboratory

The simultaneous modulation of electric and optical properties in graphene is essential for advancing high-performance applications in optoelectronics. However, achieving in-situ control of multiple electric and optical states in graphene devices remains a challenge. Here we demonstrate a versatile and reversible electric-field control of organic-ion intercalation from bilayer to pentalayer graphene. Through simultaneous optical imaging and electric measurements, we reveal multiple physical states controlled by the layer-by-layer intercalation processes, resulting in both high transparency and high electric conductance with an increase in the number of intercalated layers. Raman spectroscopy demonstrates that the intercalated graphene maintains a high carrier concentration without lattice degradation. Moreover, Hall effect measurements reveal that the carrier density can reach approximately 1.5 × 1014cm-2per layer. The ability to synchronously control the transparency and conductance states by adjusting the number of ion-intercalated layers highlights the potential of multistate modulation for the development of advanced optoelectronic devices in two-dimensional materials.

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Temporal-spatial distribution of YSOs nearby Taurus region

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第04期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 257-266页

作者： Jiaming Liu Min Fang Chao Liu Xiaolong Wang Wenyuan Cui Licai Deng College of physics Hebei Advanced Thin Films Laboratory Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Key laboratory of Astronomy and Space Science Hebei Normal University Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Taurus region is one of the most extensively studied star-forming regions （SFRs）.Surveys indicate that the young stars in this region are comprised of young stellar objects （YSOs） that cluster in groups associated with the molecular cloud （Grouped Young Stellar Objects,GYSOs）,and some older ones that are sparsely distributed throughout the region （Distributed Young Stellar Objects,DYSOs）.To bridge the age gap between the GYSOs （5 Myr） and the DYSOs （10-20 Myr）,we conducted a survey to search for new YSOs in this *** on infrared color excesses and Li I absorption lines,we identified 145 new *** these with the previously identified GYSOs and DYSOs,we constructed a sample of 519 YSOs that encompass the entire ***,we calculated the ages of the samples based on their proximity to the local *** age versus distance to the local bubble (DLB) relationship for the DYSOs shows a clear trend:the farther they are from the local bubble,the younger they are,which is consistent with the supernovae-driven formation scenario of the local *** GYSOs also exhibit a mild age versus ***,they are significantly younger and are mostly confined to distances of 120 to 220 *** their distribution in the age versus DLBspace is well separated from the older DYSOs,they may also be products of the local bubble but formed in more recent and localized events.

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optical signature of flat bands in topological hourglass semimetal Nb_(3)SiTe_(6)

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Chinese physics B 2025年第2期34卷 388-392页

作者： Shize Cao Cuiwei Zhang Yueshan Xu Jianzhou Zhao Youguo Shi Yun-Ze Long Jianlin Luo Zhi-Guo Chen Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials&Devices College of PhysicsQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Beijing National laboratory for Condensed Matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Songshan Lake Materials laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Flat electronic bands in condensed matter provide a rich avenue for exploring novel quantum phenomena. Here, we report an optical spectroscopy study of a topological hourglass semimetal Nb_(3)SiTe_(6) with the electric field of the incident light parallel to its crystalline ab-plane. The ab-plane optical conductivity spectra of Nb_(3)SiTe_(6) single crystals exhibit a remarkable peak-like feature around 1.20 eV, which is mainly contributed by the direct optical transitions between the two ab-initio-calculation-derived flat bands along the momentum direction Z–U. Our results pave the way for investigating exotic quantum phenomena based on the flat bands in topological hourglass semimetals.

关键词： flat band topological semimetal optical spectroscopy

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Quantum-state engineering using enhanced tripartite interactions in atom–photon–phonon hybrid systems

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Chinese physics B 2025年第2期34卷 282-288页

作者： Yaowu Guo Jiaqiang Zhao Lianzhen Cao Yingde Li Hong-Yan Lu Department of physics and Electronic Information Weifang UniversityWeifang 261061China State Key laboratory of Surface physics and laboratory of Advanced Materials Department of PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of physics and Physical Engineering Qufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165China

We introduce a hybrid cavity optomechanical model capable of generating significant genuine tripartite interactions and entanglement among coherent degrees of ***,realizing and controlling such tripartite interactions and their entanglement pose crucial challenges that remain largely *** this work,we predict a tripartite coupling mechanism within a hybrid quantum system consisting of a vibrating mechanical oscillator,a two-level atom and a singlefrequency cavity *** specifically propose a mechanism for tripartite and cross-Kerr nonlinear coupling through displacement and squeezing *** adjusting the optical amplitude of the pump light,we can effectively enhance these nonlinear couplings,facilitating the manipulation of entangled and squeezed *** resulting tripartite genuine entanglement exhibits distinct evolutionary ***,when the pump light amplitude is large,the tripartite entanglement persists for longer ***,the phonon displays characteristics of both cooling and *** study presents a pathway for exploring and exploiting controllable multipartite entanglement,as well as achieving phonon cooling and squeezing with the assistance of a mesoscopic harmonic *** work underscores the innovative potential of our model in advancing the field of optomechanics and quantum entanglement.

关键词： cross-Kerr nonlinear coupling tripartite coupling tripartite entanglement

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Highly stable Li+ deposition guided by a lithiophilic microchannel

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Materials Reports: Energy 2025年第1期5卷 70-76页

作者： Xu, Fuliang Fan, Shuling Sun, Zhongcheng Peng, Yang Wang, Qikai Ye, Fangmin Zhejiang Key laboratory of Quantum State Control and optical Field Manipulation Department of Physics Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou310018 China

The repeated volume variation of lithium (Li) metal anode (LMA) upon Li+ plating/stripping, the volatile interface between Li and the electrolyte, and the incessant growth of Li dendrites on Li metal surface have severely hindered the practical application of Li in constructing high energy-density Li metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, a novel Li host (3D ZnO/CNTs/Cu) featuring ordered microchannels and lithiophilic ZnO species on the inner walls of the microchannels is introduced, which induces the uniform Li+ deposition into the microchannels and finally suppresses the formation of Li dendrites. The stable structure of the fabricated 3D Li host can adapt to volume variations upon Li+ plating/stripping, thereby enhancing electrochemical performances. Symmetric cells with the 3D ZnO/CNTs/Cu@Li anode exhibited long cycle stability at areal current densities of 0.5 and 2 mA cm−2;Full cells maintained a reversible discharge capacity of 105 mAh g−1 after 400 cycles at 1C with a capacity retention of 70%. Meanwhile, ex-situ SEM observations proved that the 3D ZnO/CNTs/Cu@Li anode can keep the structural integrity during charging/discharging (or plating/stripping). This work suggested that lithiophilic nanochannels in the Li host can significantly improve the electrochemical performance and safety of LMBs. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Electrolytes

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Double[5]carbohelicene:facile synthesis,chiroptical properties,isomerization study,and lasing application

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 233-240页

作者： Peipei Liu Yantong Li Meng-Xiang Wu Hao Kang Xiao-Li Zhao Lin Xu Linlin Liu Xiaodong Li Junfeng Fang Zhiwei Fang Ya Cheng Hai-Bo Yang Huakang Yu Xueliang Shi State Key laboratory of Petroleum Molecular&Process Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China School of physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of physics and Electronic Science Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics&Advanced InstrumentMinistry of EducationEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China State Key laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy School of Physics and Electronic ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials&Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials&DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

Double carbohelicenes have attracted considerable attention due to their aesthetic structures,distinctπ-conjugation extension,inherent chirality,and intriguing optical and electronic ***,the concise de novo synthesis of a new double[5]carbohelicene 1 together with its chiroptical properties,isomerization process and lasing application is presented.1 was synthesized by a simple protocol involving the formation of a 6,6′-bipentacene as the key *** is worth noting that1 existed as two diastereomers 1-PP/MM and 1-PM,which were successfully isolated and unambiguously confirmed by Xray *** optical resolution of the racemic 1-PP/MM was successfully achieved by chiral-phase highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and 1-PP and 1-MM were characterized by circular ***,it was found that 1-PP/MM could be completely isomerized to 1-PM upon heating,and the detailed thermodynamics and kinetics of the isomerization process were systematically investigated.1-PM exhibited deep-red luminescence with emission maximum at 723 nm and fluorescence quantum yield as high as 32.95%.Consequently,we can showcase the lasing application of 1-PM by doping with epoxy resin to assemble a bottle microlaser spontaneously,which the lasing wavelength is 796.6 nm at a threshold of 0.8 m J cm^(-2).We believe that our studies,including the facile synthesis methodology,detailed isomerization studies,and lasing application,will shed some light on the design and synthesis of novel carbohelical systems with more functions.

关键词： double carbohelicene optical resolution organic laser isomerization X-ray diffraction

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