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Design Optimization of a Lattice Tower: Structure and Foundations

Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 483-493页

作者： Cossi Télesphore Nounangnonhou Guy Clarence Semassou Kossoun Alain Tossa Noémie Sintondji laboratory of energetics and Applied mechanics (LEMA) University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin laboratory of Electrotechnics Telecommunications and Applied Informatics (LETIA) University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin

Produced in power plants, electrical energy is transported to places of consumption via the electricity network. At the heart of this network are the supports that allow electricity to be efficiently transported over long distances, guaranteeing the security and supply of energy to the various centers of use. In the construction of a line, supports occupy an important part in terms of safety and construction cost. It is therefore essential to optimize their use to reduce the cost of transmission lines. This work addresses this problem, which focuses on the optimal utilization of X-lattice towers in the construction of overhead power lines. The challenge is to reconcile the search for optimal cost and respect for the design, resistance and service constraints of the structure. To do this, a parameter having a strong correlation with the weight, foundation and construction cost of the X-lattice tower for 161 kV lines is determined as an important cost variable. This parameter is the wheelbase of the towers. The junction point between the structure and the foundations is obtained by measuring the forces at the base of the tower following the lowering of the loads. These efforts make it possible to size foundations which are of the inverted or isolated sole type. The results obtained reveal that from 8 meters in width, the wheelbase gradually changes until the optimum is obtained at 6.29 meters. With this wheelbase, the production cost is optimal. It clearly emerges from this study that the construction of lattice pylons with a wheelbase of approximately 6.29 meters makes it possible to optimize the cost of construction of 161 kV lines in the Republic of Benin.

关键词： Lattice Tower Wheelbase Cost Optimization Foundation

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Analysis of the Energy and Environmental Sustainability of a Built Space System: The Case of Patte d’Oie University Campus in Ouagadougou

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Energy and Power Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 197-215页

作者： Daouda Sawadogo Ousmane Coulibaly Xavier Chesneau Belkacem Zeghmati Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’ Environnement (LPCE) Department of Physics Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Multidisciplinary Modeling and Simulation laboratory (LAMPS) Mechanics and Energetics Group (GME) Universit&#233 Perpignan Via Domitia Perpignan France

The aim of this study was to carry out a dynamic simulation of the energy and environmental performance of a built space system, with a view to assessing its energy and environmental class. The use of a simulation and modeling tool, supported by various methodological references, formed the basis of our approach. Adopting a systemic perspective, we described the structural and functional aspects of the systems making up built spaces, as well as the associated energy flows. Our approach was also based on a typology, taking into account typical days, structural and functional configurations at different scales and angles of observation. The analysis tool we developed in Java was applied to the built space system of the Patte d’Oie university campus in Ouagadougou. Annual electricity consumption was measured at 124387.34 kWh, closely aligned with the average annual electricity bill (125224.31 kWh), with a maximum relative deviation of 1%, followed by a carbon emission balance of 58337.66 kg eq CO2 per year. This validation confirmed the effectiveness of our tool. In addition, following the analysis of electricity consumption using our tool, the university campus was classified in energy class B and environmental class C. These results will be based on the emission factors of the energy mix of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) territory, with particular emphasis on Burkina Faso.

关键词： Energy Function Energy Class Carbon Footprint Built Space Consumption Item Systemic Approach Typological Approach

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Comparative Study of Solar PV Power Plant Dimensionnement Connected to Network Based on Monofacial and Bifacial Modules

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2024年第1期13卷 36-44页

作者： DJOSSOU Ayihaou Armand VODOUNNOU Edmond Claude FANNOU Jean Louis Comlan DANSOU MidokpêRomuald SEMASSOU Guy Clarence HOUNGAN Comlan Aristide GUIDI Tognon Clotilde Thierno Amadou Barry laboratory of Processes and Technological Innovation(LaPIT)/National Higher Institute of Industrial Technology(INSTI)of Lokossa/UNSTIM PB 133-Lokossa(Benin) laboratory of energetics and Applied mechanics(LEMA)/Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi(EPAC)/UAC 01 PB 2009-Cotonou(Benin) National Higher School of Energy and Process Engineering(ENSGEP)of Abomey/UNSTIM National Higher School of Technical Education(ENSET)of Lokossa/UNSTIM 不详

This article presents the results of comparative study of two PV solar modules technologies,namely monofacial and *** study main objective is to identify conditions and parameters that make it possible to obtain better energy and economic efficiency from one or other of two *** study reason lies in revival observed on bifacial module in recent years where all the major manufacturers of PV solar panels are developing them where in a few years,this technology risks being at the same price as the monofacial solar panel with better *** indicator used is energy levelized cost(LCOE)which is function technology type,energy productivity,annual investment and operation *** achieve this,a 3.685 MWc solar PV power plant was dimensioned and simulated under Matlab for a 3.5 ha site with a 2,320,740,602 FCFA budget for monofacial installation,against 1,925,188,640 FCFA for 2.73 MWc bifacial *** LCOE comparative analysis of two technologies calculated over a period of 25 years,showed that plant with bifacial panels is more beneficial if bifacial gain is greater than 9%.It has further been found that it is possible to gain up to 40%of invested cost if bifacial gain reaches 45%.Finally,a loss of about 10%of invested cost could be recorded if bifacial gain is less than 9%.

关键词： Solar PV power plant Sizing Monofacial panels Bifacial panels LCOE.

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Characterization of component interactions in two-stage axial turbine

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2016年第4期29卷 893-913页

作者： Adel Ghenaiet Kaddour Touil laboratory of energetics and Conversion Systems Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene laboratory of Thermal Power Systems Applied Mechanics

This study concerns the characterization of both the steady and unsteady flows and the analysis of stator/rotor interactions of a two-stage axial turbine. The predicted aerodynamic performances show noticeable differences when simulating the turbine stages simultaneously or separately. By considering the multi-blade per row and the scaling technique, the Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) produced better results concerning the effect of pitchwise positions between vanes and blades. The recorded pressure fluctuations exhibit a high unsteadiness characterized by a space–time periodicity described by a double Fourier decomposition. The Fast Fourier Transform FFT analysis of the static pressure fluctuations recorded at different interfaces reveals the existence of principal harmonics and their multiples, and each lobed structure of pressure wave corresponds to the number of vane/blade count. The potential effect is seen to propagate both upstream and downstream of each blade row and becomes accentuated at low mass flow rates. Between vanes and blades, the potential effect is seen to dominate the quasi totality of blade span, while downstream the blades this effect seems to dominate from hub to mid span. Near the shroud the prevailing effect is rather linked to the blade tip flow structure.

关键词： CFD FFT analysis Pressure fluctuations Two-stage axial turbine Unsteady flows Vane/blade interactions

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LiToTac: An Interactive-Interface Software for Finite Element Analysis of Multiple Contact Dynamics

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第1期118卷 111-137页

作者： Lei Peng Zhiqiang Feng Pierre Joli Christine Renaud School of mechanics and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China laboratory of mechanics and energetics UniversitéParis-SaclayEvry91020France.

In order to investigate the mechanical behavior of systems with complex architecture and a large number of contacting bodies,a finite element software,named LiToTac,has been developed by using the object-oriented programming *** software,with an interactive graphical user interface,is able to handle highly non-linear problems including multiple contacts and large *** importantly,the contact detection based on a hybrid three-stages methodology can be performed automatically,which is more efficient than the common strategies of pre-defining contact zones in commercial FEM software like ANSYS,ABAQUS,*** addition,the contact solver in LiToTac is portable between dynamic and quasi-static codes and can accurately solve contact coupled with friction in a reduced *** numerical examples are carried out to illustrate the functionality and capacity of the software package.

关键词： Finite element software object-oriented programming automatic contact detection multiple contact dynamics.

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Long-term experimental study on gravitational sedimentation of water aluminum oxide nanofluid at different volumetric concentrations

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第3期38卷 303-315页

作者： Mario Misale Johan Augusto Bocanegra Annalisa Marchitto DIME-Department of mechanics Energetics Management and Transportation Thermal Engineering and Environmental Conditioning Division University of Genoa

The stability of nanofluids is critical in engineering applications. The sedimentation of the nanoparticles in the base fluid limits the stability of the nanofluid. By measuring the absorbance of a visible laser through water aluminum oxide nanofluids it is possible to observe the evolution of the sedimentation process. A simple experimental setup consisting of a thin closed test cavity（0.8 mm or 1.5 mm thickness）filled with nanofluid and a set of laser diodes-photodiodes pairs was used in the experiments to determine the absorbance and the local volumetric concentration. The evolution of the local volumetric concentration of the nanofluid was measured at 13 height positions along the test cavity. Five initial volumetric concentrations of aluminum oxide（Al2O3; 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 3.0% and 4.0%） were considered. Data and digital photos were acquired for a total time lapse of 260 days. The results were independent of the container thickness. The same general trend was consistent for all the initial volumetric concentrations, i.e., the sedimentation rate decreases in time. The time evolution of the volumetric concentration was compared with results from a modified Mason-Weaver model. The comparison was possible by setting a variable sedimentation velocity in the model, suggesting that the sedimentation is affected by the dynamics of nanoparticle clusters with diverse sizes produced by agglomeration.

关键词： Pure nanofluid Aluminum oxide Nanoscale alumina particles Colloid sedimentation Nanoparticle settling Mason-Weaver model

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Radiative heat transfer and thermal characteristics of Fe-based oxides coated SiC and Alumina RPC structures as integrated solar thermochemical reactor

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2018年第12期61卷 1788-1801页

作者： GUENE LOUGOU Bachirou SHUAI Yong PAN RuMing CHAFFA Gédéon AHOUANNOU Clément ZHANG Hao TAN HePing Key laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Harbin Institute of Technology School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology laboratory of energetics and Applied mechanics (LEMA) Polytechnic College of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi University

This paper investigated radiative heat transfer and thermal characteristics of Fe-based oxides coated SiC and Alumina reticulated porous ceramic structures as integrated solar thermochemical ***-flux solar radiation absorption and axial temperature distribution in the ceramic foams reactor were analyzed by adopting surface-to-surface radiation model coupled to the P1approximation for radiation heat *** radiative heat transfer and thermal characteristics of different foam-type RPC structures,including SiC,CeO_2,FeAl_2O_4,NiFeAlO_4,Fe_3O_4/SiC,and NiFe_2O_4/SiC were *** mass flow rate and foam structural parameters,including the permeability,pore mean cell size,and extinction coefficients have significantly affected the axial temperature distribution,pressure drop,heat transfer,and fluid *** porous structure to the solar receiver could maximize the incorporation of redox powder in the reacting medium,lower the pressure drop,and enhance the thermal performance of the thermochemical reacting *** structure was the candidate materials in the case where more heat flux and high axial temperature distribution is ***,Fe-based oxide coated Al_2O_3structure could be considered regarding the heat transfer enhancement along with the catalyst activity of oxygen carriers for solar thermochemical reacting system performance.

关键词： solar thermochemical reactor reticulated porous ceramics heat transfer and fluid flow pore mean cell size permeability and pressure drop

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Control of Cold Atoms by Slow Waves in a Hollow Fibre

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Chinese Physics Letters 2001年第2期18卷 169-171页

作者： LI Dai-Jun LIU Xia-Ji HUANG Hu LI Shi-Qun WANG Yu-Zhu Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 laboratory for Laser energetics University of RochesterRochesterNY 14623-1299 Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800

We propose that a slowly-moving standing wave can be used to manipulate the motion of an atomic wave packet in a hollow optical fibre.A cloud of cold atoms can follow the motion of such a slow *** evolution of an initial Gaussian atomic wave packet in the moving standing wave is calculated by numerically solving the Schrödinger *** calculation shows that by using a sufficiently strong field and by adjusting the velocity of the standing wave pattern,the motion of the atomic cloud can be controlled in a hollow fibre.

关键词： equation wave wave

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Elaboration of a Road Material Based on Clayey Soil and Crushed Sand

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第6期18卷 1595-1605页

作者： H.G.R.Sekloka C.P.Yabi R.Cloots M.Gibigaye Group of Research in Energy and Environment from Materials(GREENMAT) LiègeBelgium laboratory of energetics and Applied mechanics(LEMA) CotonouBenin laboratory of Tests and Studies in Civil Engineering(L2EGC) AbomeyBenin

To contribute to the enhancement of unconventional local materials used for road construction,this study characterizes a crushed sand 0/5,a clayey soil and the litho-stabilized material without and with hydraulic binder and determines their use in accordance with some reference specifications(CEBTP 1984).It is shown that the different components are not usable alone in pavement ***,the plasticity index obtained for the clayey soil is 21%,a value higher than the imposed *** addition,the grading of the 0/5 crushed sand does not fit into the range proposed by CEBTP.A combination of these two(02)components is therefore considered to obtain a suitable material usable for the *** new material does not enter any class of the CEBTP lateritic *** order to be used in base layer,a treatment with hydraulic binder is carried out with the intention to improve its mechanical *** optimal dosage of hydraulic binder to achieve the desired mechanical performance is obtained by studying the evolution of the mechanical characteristics of the *** this treatment,the Bearing Ratio index of the mix increases from 37 to 223 for the optimal dosage and the dry compaction density decreases from 2.11 to 2.06 g/cm3 while the optimal water content increases from 9%to 10.1%.

关键词： Clayey sand crushed sand hydraulic binder road base

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Analysis of CO_2 utilization into synthesis gas based on solar thermochemical CH_4-reforming

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第1期28卷 61-72页

作者： Bachirou Guene Lougou Yong Shuai Gédéon Chaffa Huang Xing Heping Tan Huibin Du School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Key laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics of MIIT Harbin Institute of Technology laboratory of energetics and Applied mechanics (LEMA) Polytechnic College of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi University College of Metallurgy and Energy North China University of Science and Technology College of Management and Economics Tianjin University

In this study, the solar thermochemical reactor performance for CO_2 utilization into synthesis gas(H_2+ CO) based on CH_4 reforming process was investigated in the context of carbon capture and utilization(CCU) technologies. The P1 radiation heat transfer model is adopted to establish the heat and mass transfer model coupled with thermochemical reaction kinetics. The reactor thermal behavior with direct heat transfer between gaseous reactant and products evolution and the effects of different structural parameters were evaluated. It was found that the reactor has the potential to utilize by ～60% of CO_2 captured with 40% of CH_4 co-fed into syngas(72.9% of H_2 and 27.1% of CO) at 741.31 k W/mof incident radiation heat flux. However, the solar irradiance heat flux and temperature distribution were found to significantly affect the reactant species conversion efficiency and syngas production. The chemical reaction is mainly driven by the thermal energy and higher species conversion into syngas was observed when the temperature distribution at the inner cavity of the reactor was more uniform. Designed a solar thermochemical reactor able to volumetric store concentrated irradiance could highly improve CCU technologies for producing energy-rich chemicals. Besides, the mixture gas inlet velocity, operating pressure and CO_2/CH_4 feeding ratio were crucial to determining the efficiency of CO_2 utilization to solar fuels. Catalytic CO_2-reforming of CH_4 to chemical energy is a promising strategy for an efficient utilization of CO_2 as a renewable carbon source.

关键词： Thermochemical reactor CO2 utilization Radiation flux and temperature distribution CH4-reforming Syngas

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