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Decline and dieback of cork oak(Quercus suber L.)forests in the Mediterranean basin:a case study of Kroumirie,Northwest Tunisia

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Journal of forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1461-1477页

作者： Issam Touhami E.Chirino H.Aouinti A.El Khorchani M.T.Elaieb A.Khaldi Z.Nasr The National Research Institute of Rural Engineering Waterand ForestryINRGREFLaboratory of Management and Valorization of Forest ResourcesUniversity of CarthageBP 102080 ArianaTunisia Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Lay University Eloy Alfaro de Manabı´Ciudadela Universitariaav.Circunvalacio´n vı´a San Mateo s/nMantaManabı´Ecuador

Assessing the vulnerability of forest ecosystems in the climate change context is a challenging task as the mechanisms that determine this vulnerability cannot be directly *** on the ecological interrelationships between forests and climate,the present review focused on providing current information about vulnerability assessments of cork oak(Quercus suber L.)forests in the Mediterranean basin,especially,in the Kroumirie region(northwest Tunisia),currently under historic extreme drought *** comparing recent findings in this region,we synthesized data on cork oak decline and mortality collected during the historic drought years 1988–1995 *** change impacts cork forest decline,with special interest shown in elevated temperatures and drought;cork oak forest regeneration,and the adaptation of the Kroumirie forest to climate change,are reviewed *** studied region has been influenced largely by frequent prolonged drought periods,especially from 1988 to *** were found to consistently have a more detrimental impact on the growth and mortality rates of cork oak *** oak mortality was recorded for up to 63,622 *** the future,more research studies and observational data will be needed,which could represent an important key to understand ecosystem processes,and to facilitate the development of better models that project climate change impacts and *** study is useful for researchers and forestry decision makers to develop the appropriate strategies to restore and protect ecosystems,and to help anticipate potential future droughts and climate change.

关键词： Climate change Drought effect forest decline Tree mortality Mediterranean forest

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Do aeolian deposits and sand encroachment intensity shape patterns of vegetation diversity and plant functional traits in desert pavements?

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第6期15卷 667-694页

作者： M'hammed BOUALLALA Souad NEFFAR Lyès BRADAI Haroun CHENCHOUNI laboratory of Saharan Natural resources Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Ahmed DraiaAdrar 01000Algeria Department of Nature and Life Sciences Faculty of Exact Sciences and Nature and Life SciencesUniversity of TebessaTebessa 12002Algeria laboratory Water and Environment University of TebessaTebessa 12002Algeria laboratory of Saharan Bioresources Preservation and valorization Faculty of Nature and Life SciencesUniversity of Kasdi MerbahOuargla 30000Algeria Department of forest management Higher National School of ForestsKhenchela 40000Algeria laboratory of Natural resources and management of Sensitive Environments University of Oum-El-BouaghiOum-El-Bouaghi 04000Algeria

The effects of sand encroachment on composition,diversity,and functional patterns of vegetation in drylands are rarely studied,and yet addressing these aspects is important to deepen our understanding of the biodiversity *** study aimed to investigate the effect of sand encroachment on plant functional biodiversity of desert pavements(gravel deserts)in the Sahara Desert of *** were sampled and analyzed in three desert pavements with different levels of sand encroachment(LSE)and quantity of aeolian deposits(low,LLSE;medium,MLSE;and high,HLSE).Within the sample-plot area(100 m^(2)),density of every plant species was identified and total vegetation cover was *** taxonomic and functional diversity were analyzed and compared between *** showed that 19 plant species in desert pavements were classified into 18 genera and 13 *** and Poaceae were the most important *** species Anabasis articulata(Forssk)*** LLSE desert pavements with 11 species,whereas Thymelaea microphylla Coss.&Durieu ex *** Calobota saharae(C&D)Boatwr.&van Wyk were dominant species of desert pavements with MLSE(14 species)and HLSE(10 species),*** highest values of species richness and biodiversity were recorded in desert pavements with MLSE,while low values of these ecological parameters were obtained in desert pavements with *** pavements with LLSE were characterized with the highest values of species *** communities were dominated by chamaephytes,anemochorous,arido-active,and competitive stress-tolerant *** increase in LSE along the gradient from LLSE to HLSE induced significant changes in plant community variables including decreases in plant density,plant rarity,lifeform composition,morphological type,and aridity *** pavements with HLSE favor the degradation of vegetation and trigger biodiversity erosion.

关键词： desert pavements hot and arid rangeland plant diversity land degradation sand encroachment plant functional trait Sahara Desert

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management of the Prickly Pear Mealy Bug, Dactylopius opuntiae Using Bio-Insecticide in Morocco

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Advances in Entomology 2022年第4期10卷 267-274页

作者： Aissam El Finti Rachida El Boullani Abdelaziz Zahidi Abdelhamid El Mousadik laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural resources valorization Faculty of Applied Sciences Ibn Zohr University Agadir Morocco laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural resources valorization Faculty of Sciences Ibn Zohr University Agadir Morocco

The cochineal, Dactylopius opuntiae, has recently become the main pest that damages the prickly cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica, plants in Morocco. The control methods in which pesticides are used and applied weekly, have generated phytotoxicity, poisoning and high residuality in fresh nopal, which also prevents its commercialization in international markets and the constant risk to human and animal health. Therefore, the use of less aggressive products with a low impact on the environment and is sustainable for the crop, has been introduced without an obvious strategy for gradual control of the insect. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Beta vulgaris subsp., Eucalyptus torquata and Cedrus atlantica plant extracts (Eucalyptus leaves, small pieces of beet and Cedrus leaves powdered and macerated in 100 ml of distilled water for 72 h) for controlling of D. opuntiae under laboratory and field conditions. The results show that these extracts constitute a viable alternative for the control of wild cochineal in the nopal. A gradual reduction of cochineal populations was obtained, until after the third application with these extracts, with biological effectiveness of up to 90%. The findings of our study indicate that Beta vulgaris subsp., plant extracts could be used in the development and implementation of a biological control program against D. opuntiae under field conditions.

关键词： Cochineal Control Bio-Insecticidal Nopal Beet Eucalyptus Opuntia

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Apatite phosphate doped by cobalt as hight efficient catalyst of multi-component synthesis of therapeutic spiropyrimidine compound

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2022年第1期12卷 567-572页

作者： Abdallah Rhihil Youness Aichi Mohamed Zahouily Saïd Sebti Mohamed El Guendouzi laboratory of Chemistry Physics Materials and Catalysis(LCPMC) Faculty of Sciences Ben M’sik of CasablancaHassan II University of CasablancaCasablancaMorocco Financial Engineering Governance and Development LaboratoryNational School of Business and Management of CasablancaHassan II University of CasablancaCasablancaMorocco laboratory of Materials Catalysis and Valorization of Natural ResourcesFaculty of Sciences and Technology of MohammediaHassan II University of CasablancaCasablancaMorocco

Spiropyrimidines vanquish a significant situation in the field of heterocyclic chemistry, they are broadly utilized as an antibacterial, an inhibitor of multidrug opposition, or an antiplatelet and antithrombotic drug. Phosphate, the principal Moroccan mineral wealth occupies a vital spot in the economic sector and its valuation is a goal continually looked for. Among the conceivable outcomes of valorization, its utilization in heterogeneous catalysis which thought about an exceptionally encouraging new way. In this context, the focus on the reaction of the synthesis of spiropy-rimidine, catalyzed by natural phosphate (NP) and by fluoroapatite (Fap), are used alone or doped by cobalt. These phosphate catalysts were characterized by XRD, IR and SEM, while the synthesized spiropyrimidine was identified by IR, GC-MS and NMR. The obtained yield with fluorapatite doped by cobalt (Co/Fap), at room temperature in ethanol is very high and shows a high impact performance induced by a synergistic effect compared to that of NP alone.

关键词： Spiropyrimidine Natural phosphate Co/Fap Heterogeneous catalysis Multicomponent reaction

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Heavy Metal Remediation in AgoèNyivéLandfill Soils: Enhancing Stability through Organic Amendments

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第4期14卷 961-975页

作者： Bassaï Magnoudéwa Bodjona Diyakadola Dihéénane Bafai Gado Tchangbedji Waste management Treatment and Valorization Laboratory (GTVD) Faculty of Sciences University of Lom&#233 Lom&#233 Togo

The burial of waste in developing countries, which is often carried out without respect for environmental standards, constitutes a risk of contamination of soils and even groundwater given the toxic elements they contain. The objective of this work is to carry out a study of the retention of heavy metals through the contribution of cattle manure to soil samples from the final Agoè Nyivé landfill in Lomé, Togo. Soil samples from the final landfill were taken from the surface and depth at several locations to form a composite sample. The amendment of the composite sample was carried out with bovine manure on the mock-up in the laboratory for six months. The determination of the total contents of heavy metals by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (SAA) on the composite sample showed high contents exceeding the thresholds recommended by the AFNOR NF U 44-041 standard. Sequential extraction on these composite samples showed that the mobile portions of lead, cadmium, copper and zinc are respectively estimated at 78.06%, 50%, 28.89% and 91.59%. The bovine manure used to amend the landfill samples presents physicochemical parameters that can contribute to rendering heavy metals immobile in the soil matrix under natural conditions. The addition of manure initially made it possible to increase the values of pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity and organic matter, which promote the retention of heavy metals. Secondly, the addition of manure made it possible to reduce the mobile portion of the heavy metals studied;from 78.06% to 14.39% for lead, from 50% to 11.52% for cadmium, from 28.89% to almost 0% for copper and from 91.15% to 80.58% for zinc. The use of cattle manure as an amendment on the composite sample was decisive in reducing the mobility of heavy metals in the polluted soils of the final landfill.

关键词： Pollution Heavy Metals Soil Sequential Extraction Discharge

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Using Clove Essential Oil to Increase the Nutritional Potential of Industrial Fresh Double Cream Cheese

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1269-1286页

作者： Ichrak Charfi Cyrine Moussi Hanene Ghazghazi Afwa Gorrab Riadh Louhichi Salwa Bornaz Ecole Supérieure des Industries Alimentaires de Tunis Tunis Tunisia Université Libre de Tunis Tunis Tunisia laboratory of management and valorization of forest resources National Institute for Research in Rural Engineering Water and Forest (INRGREF) University of Carthage Ariana Tunisia Le Groupement Interprofessionnel des Viandes Rouges et du Lait (GIVLait) Tunis Tunisia

The present study was a potential application of Clove Essential Oil (CEO) in industrial fresh double cream cheese in order to lengthen its conservation and to improve its antioxidant potential. In this work, CEO was extracted by hydro distillation, and then analyzed by GC-MS;24 components of clove essential oil were identified. Eugenol was the major component (57.66%). Its antimicrobial properties against E. coli, Salmonella enteritidis and Staphylococcus aureus, were evaluated by disc diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). As for, the antioxidant activity of CEO was evaluated by DPPH assay method. An optimum content of CEO (0.37%) was calculated by mixing plan carried out by Expert design software and then added to studied cheese. The responses, fixed from the beginning, for this mixing plan were: minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), antioxidant activity (IC50), taste and odor intensity and global appreciation. The results found on the cheese supplemented with the optimum content of CEO showed antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.146) was relatively important compared to conventional cheese (IC50 = 0.477). In fact, the incorporation of CEO in cheese may strongly improve its oxidative stability. Cheese antioxidant activity was not affected during the storage period for 13 days. Results showed also that the fresh double cream cheese could be stored at refrigerated temperature with good taste and odor during the period of 13 days due to antimicrobial properties given by CEO, that suggest lengthening its shelf life.

关键词： Fresh Double Cream Cheese Clove Essential Oil Antimicrobial Activity Antioxidant Stability

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Spatiotemporal Distribution of Phlebotomine Sand Flies （Diptera： Psychodidae） in a Focus of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Foum Jamaa （Azilal, Atlas of Morocco）

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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第10期6卷 1124-1132页

作者： Hassan Arroub Abdelaaziz Alaoui Hicham El Miri Meryem Lemrani Khalid Habbari laboratory of management and valorization of Naturals resources FST Sultan Moulay Slimane University Beni Mellal 23000Morocco Faculte des Sciences Agdal Universite Mohamed V Agdal Rabat 10000 Morocco laboratory of Leishmaniasis lnstitut Pasteur du Maroc Casablanca 20000 Morocco

An entomological survey of Phlebotomine sand flies （Diptera： Psychodidae） was carried out in three sectors of Foum Jamgta region （province of Azilal, Morocco） during the year 2010. Morphological identification was performed on a total of 1,152 sand flies （23% females and 77% males） collected by sticky paper traps. 80% of the total collected flies were identified as Phlebotomus （Paraphlebotomus） sergenti （Parrot）（57%） and Phlebotomus （Larroussius） longicuspis （Nitzulescu）（23%）. In addition to these dominant species, four other species were found, Phlebotomus （Phlebotomus） papatasi （Scopoli）, Sergentomyia （Sergentomyia） minuta （Rondani）, Phlebotomus （Larroussius） perniciosus （Newstead） and Phlebotomus （Paraphlebotomus） chabaudi （Croset）. Overall, the population dynamics show a yearly bimodal pattern related to rainfall and temperature, and with high density around human dwellings. The spatiotemporal distribution of sand fly species was helpful to discuss strategies that might be useful in controlling cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in this endemic focus.

关键词： Phlebotomine sand flies cutaneous leishmaniasis temporal and spatial distribution Foum Jamaa Morocco.

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An Ontology about Expertise management

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2017年第1期5卷 101-120页

作者： Hans de Bruin Gabrielle Rossing Research Center Expertise and valorization management HZ University of Applied SciencesVlissingenThe Netherlands

An Expertise management ontology (EMont) is presented with which human expertise is captured. EMont aims at describing and collectively finding improvements for complex situations in which people interact with often conflicting worldviews in order to achieve goals, shared or not. EMont is rooted in systems thinking, in particular Soft Systems Methodology, to be able to accommodate stakeholders’ worldviews and activities in complex situations. Its purpose is to model human activity systems, which is illustrated with the help of a complex situation. EMont forms the heart of the Expertise management Methodology (EMM). This methodology can be regarded as a framework to build bodies of knowledge for particular domains systematically. EMM favors a research process of abduction. By studying one or more situations, generalized models are developed that explain the observed phenomenon best. The models are then taken as a starting point to conduct additional studies. This cyclic process is repeated thereby strengthening the models. EMont has been applied in several, diverse domains such as flood protection, health care and community resilience, over a period of more than four years. In our experience, EMont is a stable ontology, well-suited to capture human activities and identify widely supported solutions for complex situations, and has proven its value in practice. EMont has been implemented in Semantic Media Wiki to publish bodies of knowledge on the web.

关键词： Ontology Semantic Web Expertise management Soft Systems Methodology

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Flocculation of the Moroccan phosphates slimes

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2009年第12期3卷 7-14页

作者： J. Briuni J. Naja R. M＇Hamdi Natural resources valorization and Environment Laboratopy University of Science and Technology Settat 577 Morocco Water and Environment laboratory Study and Research Center of Mineral Phosphates Casablanca 25679 Morocco

In Morocco, the phosphate industry generates by washing during the ore beneficiation in humid way, big quantities of sludge loaded in fine mineral particles （or slimes） with contents of water in the order of 90-95%. The specific consumption in water for the beneficiation of one tone of dry ore is approximately 0.6 m3. The management of this sludge and the recycling of process water are played to a schema of solid-liquid separation by flocculation, settling then stocking in basins of several dozens hectares. Recovered clear waters are recycled into the circuit of washing. The principal motivation of this work which is a part of EL MAA project is dedicated to the study of the impact of the speed of agitation on the flocculation behavior in terms of dewatering of the phosphate slimes and recycling of the process water. Study was driven on sample of slimes taken in entrance of the thickeners of a Moroccan washing plants, before flocculation. The raw slimes have a concentration in solid of 75.5 g·L^-1, a P205 grade of 17.3% and a free settling velocity 9 cm·h^-1. Fine fraction -2 μm, responsible for the poor settling of slimes is composed in practice of nearly 96% of smectite. It represents 9% of the dry solid content in the slimes. Measurements reveal important variations of the granulometric and textural properties of large floes in response to flocculation, opening ways of optimization for the velocity gradient.

关键词： flocculation phosphate slime water recycling

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Trace Element Concentrations in Soft Tissue and Shell of the Mangrove Oyster (<i>Crassostrea Gasar</i>Dautzenberg, 1891) from the Lake Zowla-Aného Lagoon Hydro System (Southern Togo)

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2021年第12期12卷 471-492页

作者： Hodabalo Dheoulaba Solitoke Komlan Mawuli Afiademanyo Kamilou Ouro-Sama Gnon Tanouayi Tchaa Esso-Essinam Badassan Kissao Gnandi laboratory of Waste management Treatment and Valorization Faculty of Sciences University of Lomé Lomé Togo laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Department of Zoology and Animal Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Lomé Lomé Togo

The Lake Zowla-Aného lagoon hydro system, located on the southeast coast of Togo, is very exposed to metal contamination as it receives a huge amount of untreated domestic and industrial effluents from Aného City and the phosphorite treatment plant at Kpémé. This study aims to assess the concentrations of seven heavy metals and their bioaccumulation status in soft tissues and shells of the mangrove oyster (Crassostrea gasar) collected from this aquatic environment. Samples were collected in January, April and July 2017 at two stations and analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results indicate that the waters are contaminated by Cd, Pb and Cr with average concentrations that are significantly above WHO standards. At both locations, the contents of the trace elements (except Cr) in oysters’ soft tissues were significantly higher than those in the shells. In the soft tissues, the concentration of Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb ranged (in mg·kg-1) from 4.33 to 23.14, 93.4 to 366.7, 455.68 to 1384.15, 0.11 to 1.34, 16.42 to 62.6, 0.05 to 0.473 and 0.39 to 21.08, respectively. Furthermore, statistical analyses showed marked differences in mean concentrations between sampling time on the one hand, and between sampling locations on the other hand (p C. gasar can be used as a biomonitor of Zn, Cd, Cu and Hg exposure. Finally, the Cd, Pb, As, Zn and Cu concentrations in soft tissues and were found to be significantly higher than the permissible limit for human consumption according to WHO and FAO and thus pose a threat to human health.

关键词： Bioaccumulation Oyster Crassostrea Gasar Trace Elements Aného Lagoon Lake Zowla Togo

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