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Preface to the Special Issue on Digital geosciences and Quantitative Exploration of Mineral Resources

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第2期32卷 267-268,I0001,I0002页

作者： Qiuming Cheng Yongqing Chen Renguang Zuo State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China

*** Zhao is one of the pioneers in the fields of mathematical geology and mineral exploration in China and an honorary member of the International Association for Mathematical geosciences(IAMG).During the 29 th Intern... 详细信息

关键词： geology Mathematical Exploration

Growth structures and growth strata of the Qianjiadian Basin in the western Yanshan fold and thrust belt, North China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第7期62卷 1092-1109页

作者： Xiaofei SHI Shaofeng LIU Chengfa LIN State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources and School of geosciences and Resources China University of Geosciences (Beijing)

The northwestward subduction of the Izanagi Plate beneath the eastern Eurasian Plate during the Late Mesozoic caused a series of compressional deformation events in the Yanshan fold and thrust belt(YFTB), but the tectonic deformation timing, tectonic properties and relationship between tectonic uplift and sediment accumulation in the intermontane basins continue to be debated. For this reason, the sedimentology, sediment provenance, and basin structure of the Qianjiadian Basin(QJB) in the northern Beijing region during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous were studied in detail. The results suggest that a fault-propagation fold-type(FPFT) growth structure and growth strata developed on the western edge of the QJB and that the top part of Member 2 and Member 3 of the Tuchengzi Formation are growth strata controlled by the limb rotation mechanism. In two small thrust faults in the QJB, the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation is thrust over the Tuchengzi Formation, and these faults may have controlled the development of the fault-bend fold-type growth strata. An analysis of the "source-to-sink" process suggests that the hanging wall succession of the Shangyi-Pingquan fault(SPF) was the main source area of the Late Jurassic to early Early Cretaceous strata in the QJB. A zircon206 Pb/238 U age of 140.8±2.4 Ma for the volcanic rocks at the bottom of the FPFT growth strata represents the timing of the initiation of FPFT growth structure development. The discovery of the FPFT growth structure and growth strata in the QJB indicate that the QJB was an intermontane flexural basin controlled by fold and thrust structures during the early Early Cretaceous. Near the E-W-trending SPF, the NE-SW-trending Qianjiadian thrust fault(QJTF) and two small intrabasinal thrust faults may constitute a unified right-lateral strike-slip system that formed in response to the northwestward flat subduction of the Izanagi Plate beneath the East Asian continent during the Jurassic-Early Cretaceou

关键词： Yanshan fold and thrust belt Qianjiadian Basin Tuchengzi Formation Growth structure Growth strata Izanagi Plate

Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Lakes in Nam Co Basin, 1991–2011

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第1期27卷 130-138页

作者： Xu Wang Aiguo Zhou Ziyong Sun School of Public Administration China University of Geosciences laboratory of Geographical Environment and National Park China University of Geosciences School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences State Key laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-Restoration China University of Geosciences

Lakes in Tibet Plateau with little effects of human activities serve as important indicators of climate change. This study analysed remote sensing data and long term climate variables to examine the hydrological response of lakes in Nam Co Basin. The area changes of lakes were extracted by Landsat TM/ETM＋ and analysed by SRTM 3 DEM. And the ICESat elevation data between 2003 and 2009 were used to observe the lake level of the Nam Co Lake. The results show that the number of new formed glacier lakes increased by 36% and the area of glacier lakes increased by 36.7%（0.97 km^2） from 1991 to 2011. At the same time, the surface area of the Nam Co Lake expanded by 3.71%（72.64 km^2） of the original size in 1991, with a tendency value of 3.63 km^2 per year. The lake level of the Nam Co Lake shows an increase tendency of 0.24 m per year during 2003-2009. These variations appear to be related to an increase in mean annual temperature of 0.06 oC per year, and an increase in annual precipitation of 2.1 mm per year in summer in the last two decades. The increased number of lakes and increased area of glacial lakes reached a peak at an altitude of 5 500-5 600 m a.s.l.. The number of new formed glacier lakes and the area of glacier lakes tend to higher altitudes. Climate change has an important impact on the variation of the glacier lakes and the Nam Co Lake.

关键词： glacier lake Nam Co Basin remote sensing.

Hydroxycalciopyrochlore, A New Mineral Species from Sichuan, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第3期88卷 748-753页

作者： YANG Guangming LI Guowu XIONG Ming PAN Baoming YAN Chenjie State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Crystal Structure laboratory China University of Geosciences

Hydroxycalciopyrochlore,ideally （Ca,Na,U,□）2（Nb,Ti）2O6（OH）,cubic,is a new mineral species （IMA2011-026） within the pyrochlore supergroup that was found occurring at the Maoniuping mine,Mianning County,Xichang prefecture,Sichuan Province,southwest *** mineral is found in an alkali feldspar granite rare-earth ore deposit （26-27 Ma）.Associated minerals include calcite,barite,celestine,albite,aegirine,aegirine-augite,fluorite,parasite-（Ce）,thorite,thorianite,zircon,galena,sphalerite,magnetite,and *** occur mostly as octahedra,and less often as dodecahedra and tetrahexahedra or combinations *** occur with an allotriomorphic habit with a thick triangular tabular *** generally range from 0.1 to 1 mm in *** mineral is brownishblack,greenish-black and black on fresh sections with a brown *** crystal is translucent,and has a greasy lustre on fresh *** is metamict without any observed parting or cleavage and with a conchoidal *** Vickers microhardness is 572 kg/mm2 （5-6 on the Mohs hardness scale）.The density measured by hydrostatic weighing is 5.10（3） g/*** strongest four reflections in the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [d in（A）（Ⅰ） hkl] are：2.9657 （100） 2 2 2,1.8142 （34） 0 4 4,1.5463 （21） 2 2 6,2.5688 （18） 0 0 *** unit-cell parameters are a =10.381（4）（A）,V=1118.7（7）（A）3,Z =*** structure was solved and refined in the space group Fd3m with R =*** empirical formula is （Ca0.74Na0.5sU0.40Ce0.05Fe0.02□0.21）2.00（Nb1.15Ti0.s0Ta0.03Al0.01Mg0.01）2.00O6.02 [（OH）1.01F0.09]1.10,on the basis of 2 atoms of B pfu; the simplified formula is （Ca,Na,U,□）2（Nb,Ti）2O6（OH）.Type material is deposited in the Geological Museum of China,Beijing,People＇s Republic of China,catalogue number M11800.

关键词： Mineralogy Hydroxycalciopyrochlore pyrochlore supergroup crystal structure Sichuanprovince

Special Issue of Mathematical geosciences for the 33^(rd) IGC

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Journal of China University of geosciences 2008年第4期19卷 307-308页

作者：成秋明 State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering York University

The papers published in this issue are selected from manuscripts submitted by invited authors and most of these papers will be presented at the 33^rd International Geological Congress （33^rd IGC） in Oslo, August 2008. It receives 25 manuscripts and 16 were accepted after going through the journal normal peer reviewing process. The topics of the papers cover various aspects of ＂metallogenic complex processes and mineral resource quantitative assessment＂, one of the strategic research areas of the State Key laboratory of Geological Processes Resources （GPMR） sponsored by the Science and Technology and the and Mineral Ministry of Ministry of Education of China. Researches in the area are also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation and Ministry of Land and Resources of China as well as by mining companies. Thanks are due to these funding programs and organizations for supporting the research activities of GPMR. Sincere thanks are due to those who have reviewed the manuscripts and provided critical comments and even English editing of some of the papers. We are very appreciated for the assistance of the editorial office especially Professor Wang, the editor-in-chief, Ms. Yuan and many others who have worked hard to make this issue be printed before the event of 33^rd IGC. Special thanks are given to Professor Xie Shuyun, Xu Deyi and Tali Neta and many other members in the Geomatics Research Lab of York University for handling the manuscripts during the reviewing processes.

关键词： IGC Special Issue of Mathematical geosciences for the 33 rd

Microbial roles equivalent to geological agents of high temperature and pressure in deep Earth

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第11期59卷 2098-2104页

作者： XIE ShuCheng LIU Deng QIU Xuan HUANG XianYu Thomas J.ALGEO State Key laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Department of Geology University of Cincinnati

Microbes not only show sensitive responses to environmental changes but also play important roles in geochemical and geophysical systems. It is well known that microbes have caused major changes in surface environments and biogeochemical cycles through Earth history. Microbial processes can also induce the synthesis of certain minerals under Earth-surface conditions that previously were believed to form only under high temperatures and pressures in the deep Earth. For example, microbes can promote the conversion of smectite to illite, synthesis of authigenic plagioclase, precipitation of dolomite, and biotransformation of geolipids. These effects of microbes are due to their large surface/volume ratios, enzyme production, and abundant functional groups. Microbial catalyzation of chemical reactions proceeds through reaction-specific enzymes, a decrease in Gibbs' s free energy, and/or break through the dynamics reaction thresholds via their metabolisms and physiology. Microbes can lower the surface free energy of mineral nuclei via biophysical adsorption due to their large surface/volume ratios and abundant functional groups. The mineral precipitation and transformation processes induced by microbes are functionally equivalent to geological processes operating at high temperatures and pressures in the deep Earth, suggesting that microbial processes can serve as analogs to deep abiotic processes that are difficult to observe.

关键词： Geobiology Microbial functional groups Illitization Plagioclase Dolomite Geolipids

Climatic and Tectonic Evolution in the North Qaidam since the Cenozoic: Evidence from Sedimentology and Mineralogy

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Journal of Earth Science 2013年第3期24卷 314-327页

作者：王朝文洪汉烈李朝晖梁国军谢瑾宋博文宋鄂平张克信 State Key laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Geological Survey of China University of geosciences State Key laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences

Clay mineralogy and bulk mineral composition of Tertiary sediments in Qaidam were investigated using X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy in order to better understand regional climate change resulting from uplift of the Northeast Tibetan Plateau. Climate change in Qaidam since -53.5 Ma could be divided into four stages： a warm and seasonally arid climate between -53.5 and 40 Ma, a cold and arid climate from -40 to 26 Ma, a warm and humid climate between -26 and 13.5 Ma, and a much colder and arid climate from -13.5 to 2.5 Ma, respectively. The illite crystallinity and sedimentary facies suggested that uplift events took place around ＆gt;52–50, -40–38, -26–15, -10–8, and ＆lt;5 Ma inthe Qaidam region, respectively. The climate in Qaidam Basin could have been controlled by global climate prior to 13.5 Ma. As the Tibetan Plateau reached a significant elevation by -13.5 Ma, and the climate cycles of the East Asian monsoon might add additional influence.

关键词： clay mineral illite crystallinity paleoclimate Qaidam Basin Tibetan Plateau.

Carbon and oxygen isotopes suggesting deep-water basin deposition associated with hydrothermal events(Shangsi Section, Northwest Sichuan Basin-South China)

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2014年第1期33卷 77-85页

作者： CHEN Hui XIE Xi'nong MAO Kainan HUANG Junhua Key laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education Faculty of Resources China University of Geosciences State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Faculty of GeosciencesChina University of Geosciences

Carbon and oxygen isotope records for Shangsi Section in Northwest Sichuan Basin, South China can help investigating depositional environments and processes, including the burial rate and possible contribution of hydrothermal events. Samples from the lower Chihsian Formation show δ13CPDB and δ18OPDB values close to those of typical marine limestone. However, the overlying Permian middle-upper Chihsian, Wujiaping, and Maokou Formation samples reveal negative δ18OSMOW values and strong positive δ13CPDB values. These indicate high biological productivity and rapid burial of organic carbon. Samples from the Dalong Formation present both negative δ13CPDB and negative δ18OPDB values, which are quite different from the underlying Permian strata. These abnormal carbon and oxygen isotope characteristics in the Dalong Formation may suggest that hydrothermal processes contributed to deposition.

关键词：氧同位素记录盆地沉积四川盆地有机碳西北部热液活动中国二叠纪地层

A Griesbachian(Early Triassic) Mollusc Fauna from the Sidazhai Section, Southwest China, with Paleoecological Insights on the Proliferation of Genus Claraia(Bivalvia)

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第4期29卷 794-805页

作者： Yunfei Huang Jinnan Tong Margaret L Fraiser School of geosciences Yangtze University State Key laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Department of geosciences University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

After the end-Permian mass extinction, genus Claraia （Bivalvia） was the most abundant and most noticeable fossil during the survival and recovery stage. However, the reasons for the proliferation of Claraia are still debated. This paper describes a new Griesbachian （Early Triassic） mollusc fauna from deep-water settings in South China in the aftermath of end-Permian mass extinction. This fauna yielded five bivalve species in two genera （Claraia griesbachi, C. wangi, C. stachei, C. radialis, and Promyalina putiatinensis） and two ammonoid species （Ophiceras sp. and Ussuridiscus sp.） and could be assigned to the Claraia wangi-C, griesbachi assemblage zone, indicating a Middle-Late Griesbachian Age. The bivalves were dominated by Claraia griesbachi and were featured by articulated Claraia fossils. As Claraia was epibyssate, it was an excellent autochthonous fauna. While the shallow and deep marine water became dysoxic to anoxic globally, as indicated by recent studies of the early Early Triassic, we suggest the genus Claraia could tolerate dysoxic and/or anoxic conditions and its proliferation could be attributed to its physiological features which were adapted to the stressed environment. The wide distribution of Claraia was probably related to its planktonic larval stage. Where the larva of Claraia could have been transported by ocean flow and increased its potential for long-distance dispersal. In addition, Claraia was a significant disaster and opportunistic taxon during the Early Triassic based on observations in South China.

关键词： bivalves Claraia disaster species paleoecology Early Triassic.