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Dietary cholesterol promotes growth and ecdysone signalling pathway by modulating cholesterol transport in swimming crabs(Portunus trituberculatus)

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Animal nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 249-260页

作者： Tingting Zhu Qicun Zhou Zheng Yang Yingying Zhang Jiaxiang Luo Xiangsheng Zhang Yuedong Shen Lefei Jiao Douglas R.Tocher Min Jin laboratory of fish and shellfish nutrition School of Marine SciencesNingbo University315211 NingboChina Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Marine Biotechnology Institute of Marine SciencesShantou University515063 ShantouChina

Cholesterol,as an indispensable nutrient,regulates molting and growth in *** crustaceans are unable to biosynthesize cholesterol de novo,it is central to understand how dietary cholesterol affects molting in *** 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary cholesterol level(0.12%,0.43%,0.79%,1.00%,1.30%and 2.50%)on growth,cholesterol metabolism and expression of genes related to lipid and ecdysone metabolism in female swimming crabs(Portunus trituberculatus).A total of 192 crabs(1.41±0.05 g)were randomly distributed into 192 *** treatment had 4 replicates with each replicate containing 8 *** fed the 1.00%cholesterol diet showed best growth performance,and thus based on percent weight gain,the optimal dietary cholesterol requirement was calculated at 1.01%.Tissue cholesterol concentrations were positively correlated with dietary cholesterol *** contents of functional fatty acids in hepatopancreas significantly increased as dietary cholesterol increased from 0.12%to 2.50%(P<0.05).The expression levels of genes related to lipogenesis pathway,lipid catabolism and fatty acid oxidation were significantly downregulated with increased dietary cholesterol level(P<0.05).The highest expression levels of cholesterol transport genes,low-density lipoprotein receptor(ldlr)and low-density lipoprotein receptorrelated protein 2(lrp2)occurred in crabs fed the 1.30%cholesterol ***,hormones related to molting such as crustacean hyperglycemic hormone(CHH),methyl farnesoate(MF),molt-inhibiting hormone(MIH),and ecdysone in hemolymph were significantly influenced by dietary cholesterol level(P<0.05).The highest expression levels of ecdysone receptor(ecr)and chitinase 1(chi1)in eyestalk and hepatopancreas were found in crabs fed the diet containing 1.00%cholesterol(P<0.05).In conclusion,the optimal dietary level was beneficial to functional fatty acid accumulation,regulated lipid metabolism,promoted the ecdysone s

关键词： Portunus trituberculatus Cholesterol Lipid metabolism Ecdysone signalling pathway

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Effects of Dietary Vitamin D_(3)on Growth Performance,Immune Status,and Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in Litopenaeus vannamei Under Different Salinity Conditions

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2023年第4期22卷 1023-1033页

作者： LIU Miao ZHANG Hui SHAO Rui ZHOU Xueqi ZHOU Qicun MAI Kangsen AI Qinghui WAN Min Key laboratory of Aquaculture nutrition and Feed Ministry of Agriculture&Key Laboratory of MaricultureMinistry of EducationCollege of FisheriesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China laboratory of fish and shellfish nutrition School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

Vitamin D_(3)(VD_(3)) plays a vital role in various physiological processes in addition to its role in regulating the homeostasis of calcium and *** present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary VD_(3) on growth performance,immune status and the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in Litopenaeus vannamei under the optimal salinity(25)and high salinity(35)***(2.1 g±0.1 g)were fed with experimental diets containing 0,1500,6000 and 12000IUkg^(−1)VD_(3) for 30 days under two salinity conditions *** results showed that the growth performance and intestinal health were reduced,while oxidative stress was induced in the shrimp cultured at salinity 35 compared to those in the shrimp cultured at salinity ***,dietary supplementation of 1500 IU kg^(−1)VD_(3) at salinity 35 promoted the growth performance,improved the intestinal health,and enhanced the antioxidant capacity and non-specific immunity in *** addition,the content of inorganic phosphorus in shrimp serum was affected by dietary VD_(3) independent of *** contrast,the expressions of calcium transport-related genes,including calmodulin and Ca2+-ATPase,were regulated by salinity,instead of dietary VD_(3).In conclusion,an appropriate supplementation of dietary VD_(3) under high-salt condition can promote the growth,alleviate intestinal inflammation,enhance antioxidant capacity and immunity,and contribute to phosphorus metabolism in ***.

关键词： vitamin D_(3) Penaeus vannamei salinity antioxidant capacity immunity metabolism intestinal health

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High dietary lipid level promotes low salinity adaptation in the marine euryhaline crab(Scylla paramamosain)

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Animal nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 297-307页

作者： Jiaxiang Luo Chen Ren Tingting Zhu Chen Guo Shichao Xie Yingying Zhang Zheng Yang Wenli Zhao Xiangsheng Zhang Jingjing Lu Lefei Jiao Qicun Zhou Douglas R.Tocher Min Jin laboratory of fish and shellfish nutrition School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Marine Biotechnology Institute of Marine SciencesShantou UniversityShantou 515063China

The physiological processes involved in adaptation to osmotic pressure in euryhaline crustaceans are highly energy demanding,but the effects of dietary lipids(fat)on low salinity adaptations have not been well *** the present study,a total of 120 mud crabs(Scylla paramamosain,BW=17.87±1.49 g)were fed control and high-fat(HF)diets,at both medium salinity(23‰)and low salinity(4‰)for 6 wk,and each treatment had 3 replicates with each replicate containing 10 *** results indicated that a HF diet significantly mitigated the reduction in survival rate,percent weight gain and feed efficiency induced by low salinity(Pnutrition supplementation for low salinity adaptations in mud crabs.

关键词： Osmotic pressure regulation Mitochondrial energy metabolism Lipid metabolism

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Dietary choline activates the Ampk/Srebp signaling pathway and decreases lipid levels in Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

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Animal nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 58-70页

作者： Jingjing Lu Xinyue Tao Jiaxiang Luo Tingting Zhu Lefei Jiao Peng Sun Qicun Zhou Douglas R.Tocher Min Jin laboratory of fish and shellfish nutrition School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Marine Biotechnology Institute of Marine SciencesShantou UniversityShantou 515063China

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted in Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)to evaluate the effects of dietary choline supplementation on choline transport and metabolism,hepatopancreas histological structure and fatty acid profile,and regulation of lipid *** isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain different choline levels of 2.91(basal diet),3.85,4.67,6.55,10.70 and 18.90 g/kg,respectively.A total of 960 shrimp(initial weight,1.38±0.01 g)were distributed randomly into twenty-four 250-L cylindrical fiber-glass tanks,with each diet assigned randomly to 4replicate *** results indicated that dietary choline significantly promoted the deposition of choline,betaine and carnitine(P<0.05).The diameters and areas of R cells,total lipid and triglyceride contents in hepatopancreas,and triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid contents in hemolymph were negatively correlated with dietary choline *** contents of functional fatty acids in hepatopancreas,the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase(Acc),and the mRNA expression of fas,srebp and acc were highest in shrimp fed the diet containing 4.67 g/kg choline,and significantly higher than those fed the diet containing 2.91 g/kg,the lowest level of choline(P<0.05).The number of R cells,content of very lowdensity lipoprotein(VLDL),activities of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase(Cpt1),lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase,and the mRNA expression levels of cpt1,fabp,fatp,ldlr,and ampk in hepatopancreas increased significantly as dietary choline increased(P<0.05).In addition,hepatopancreas m RNA expression levels of ctl1,ctl2,oct1,badh,bhmt,ck,cept,and cct were generally up-regulated as dietary choline level increased(P<0.01).In conclusion,dietary choline promoted the deposition of choline and its metabolites by up-regulating genes related to choline transport and ***,appropriate dietary choline level promoted the development of hepatopancreas R cells and maintained the n

关键词： Pacific white shrimp Choline Lipid Fatty acid Histology Ampk signaling pathway

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Floc meal as potential substitute for soybean meal in tilapia diets under biofloc system conditions

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第1期37卷 313-320页

作者： Rania S. MABROKE Osama M. EL-HUSSEINY Abd El-Naem F. A. ZIDAN Al-Azab TAHOUN Ashraf SULOMA fish nutrition laboratory (FNL) Animal Production Department Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University Aquaculture Department Faculty of Fish ResourcesSuez University

This study was conducted to evaluate the ef fect of replacing soybean meal(SBM) by low protein ?oc meal(LPFM; 24% CP) in tilapia diets on growth performance, feed utilization and ?sh chemical composition. Three isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated; control diet(C; without LPFM),FM 25(25% of SBM protein was substituted by LPFM) and FM 50(50% of SBM protein was substituted by LPFM). Nine 55 l circular plastic tanks were stocked by 12 ?sh to form three experimental *** dif ferences in tilapia performance were observed between the control and the FM 25 diet. Chemical composition of ?sh did not dif fer signi?cantly among treatments except for protein and selenium contents where the highest values were recorded in the control treatment. The highest mineral content was recorded in ?oc collected from the control tanks, while calcium content showed its highest value in ?oc collected from FM 50 e ? uent. These data indicate that replacing soybean meal with LPFM up to 25%, had no negative ef fect on growth performance and potentially may improve the system sustainability. Meanwhile, the adverse ef fect of more inclusion of LPFM in tilapia diet may be attributed to the higher content of ash. In other word,minerals seem to cause more energy utilization in ?sh fed ?oc meal since it is needed to maintain osmotic homeostasis.

关键词： microbial flocs alternative protein sources tilapia diet sustainability

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Lysine deficiency impaired growth performance and immune response and aggravated inflammatory response of the skin,spleen and head kidney in grown-up grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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Animal nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 556-568页

作者： Yangyang Hu Lin Feng Weidan Jiang Pei Wu Yang Liu Shengyao Kuang Ling Tang Xiaoqiu Zhou Animal nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina fish nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant nutrition Sichuan ProvinceChina Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant nutrition Ministry of EducationChina Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant nutrition and Feed Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChina Animal nutrition Institute Sichuan Academy of Animal ScienceChengduChina

This dissertation was primarily focused on the immune response,inflammatory response and molecular mechanisms in the skin,head kidney and spleen of grown-up grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella).Six iso-nitrogen diets differing in lysine concentrations(5.6,8.5,11.6,14.4,17.5 and 20.7 g/kg)were fed to 540 grass carp(164.85±0.79 g)for 60 *** that,grass carp were challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila for 6 *** study revealed that lysine deficiency(1)suppressed the growth performa,nce of the fish and decreased their ability to resist skin lesion morbidity,(2)impaired the immune organ s immune response by decreasing the gene expressions of mucin,liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide(LEAP)-2B,β-defensin-1 and LEAP-2A and the production of antibacterial compounds of grown-up grass carp,and(3)aggravated the inflammatory response of immune organs in the fish by increasing the gene expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines(interferon y2[IFN-γ2],tumor necrosis factorα[TNF-α],interleukin[IL]-15,IL-17D,IL-12p40,IL-6 and IL-8)and down-regulating anti-inflammatory cytokines(IL-11,transforming growth factorβ1[TGF-β1],IL-10 and IL-4/13A),which were tightly correlated with signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)1 and STAT3 signaling pathway,*** different phenomenon in the skin,spleen and head kidney of fish may be correlated with the difference in gene *** addition,using quadratic regression analysis of percent weight gain(PWG),skin lesion morbidity,and the lysozyme activities in the spleen and head kidney,the dietary lysine requirements for grown-up grass carp were estimated to be 13.58,13.51,14.56 and 14.18 g/kg,respectively.

关键词： Lysine deficiency Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Immune function Head kidney Spleen Skin

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Growth,digestive and absorptive capacity and antioxidant status in intestine and hepatopancreas of sub-adult grass carp Ctenopharyngodonidella fed graded levels of dietary threonine

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 424-434页

作者： Yang Hong Weidan Jiang Shengyao Kuang Kai Hu Ling Tang Yang Liu Jun Jiang Yongan Zhang Xiaoqiu Zhou Lin Feng Animal nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural University fish nutrition and Safety Production University Key laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University Key laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance nutrition of China Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University Sichuan Academy of Animal Science Animal Nutrition Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Hydrobiology

Background： This study was carried out to investigate effects of threonine levels on growth, digestive and absorptive capacity and antioxidant status in intestine and hepatopancreas of sub-adult grass carp （ Ctenopharyngodonidella）. Results： Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake and feed efficiency were significantly improved by dietary threonine （P 〈 0.05）. Intestinal activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin, alpha-amylase, lipase, alkaline phosphatase, y-glutamyl transpeptidase and creatine kinase took the similar trends. Contents of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in intestine and hepatopancreas were significantly decreased by dietary optimal threonine supplementation （P 〈 0.05）. Anti-superoxide anion capacity, anti-hydroxyl radical capacity, glutathione content and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase in intestine and hepatopancreas were enhanced by dietary threonine （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： Dietary threonine could improve growth, enhance digestive and absorptive capacity and antioxidant status in intestine and hepatopancreas of sub-adult grass carp. The dietary threonine requirement of sub-adult grass carp （441.9-1,013.4 g） based on weight gain was 11.6 g/kg diet or 41.5 g/kg of dietary protein by quadratic regression analysis.

关键词： Antioxidant status Grass carp Intestinal enzyme activity Threonine

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Establishing the link between D-mannose and juvenile grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella):Improved growth and intestinal structure associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress,mitophagy,and apical junctional complexes

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Animal nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 450-463页

作者： Chong Zhang Lin Feng Pei Wu Yang Liu Xiaowan Jin Hongmei Ren Hua Li Fali Wu Xiaoqiu Zhou Weidan Jiang Animal nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China fish nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance nutrition Ministry of EducationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 611130China

D-mannose,essential for protein glycosylation,has been reported to have immunomodulatory effects and to maintain intestinal flora *** addition to evaluating growth performance,we examined the impact of D-mannose on the structure of epithelial cells and apical junction complexes in the animal *** 1800 grass carp(16.20±0.01 g)were randomly divided into six treatments with six replicates of 50 fish each and fed with six different levels of D-mannose(0.52,1.75,3.02,4.28,5.50 and 6.78 g/kg diet)for 70 *** study revealed that D-mannose increased feed intake(P 0.05).D-mannose supplementation at 1.75 g/kg increased crude protein content in fish and lipid production value(P<0.05).D-mannose supplementation at 4.28 g/kg increased intestinal length,intestinal weight and fold height of grass carp compared to the control group(P<0.05).This improvement may be attributed to the phosphomannose isomerase(PMI)-mediated enhancement of *** study found that D-mannose supplementation at 4.28 or 3.02 g/kg reduced serum diamine oxidase activity or D-lactate content(P<0.05)and improved cellular and intercellular structures for the first *** improvement of cellular redox homeostasis involves alleviating endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress through the inositol-requiring enzyme 1(IRE1),RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER kinase(PERK),and activating transcription factor 6(ATF6)signaling *** alleviation of ER stress may be linked to the phosphomannomutase(PMM)-mediated enhancement of protein *** addition,ubiquitin-dependent[PTEN-induced putative kinase 1(PINK1)/Parkin]and ubiquitin-independent[BCL2-interacting protein 3-like(BNIP3L),BCL2-interacting protein 3(BNIP3),and FUN14 domain containing 1(FUNDC1)]mitophagy may play a role in maintaining cellular redox *** enhancement of intercellular structures includes enhancing tight junction and adherent junction structures,which may be closely associated with the small Rho GTPase pr

关键词： Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella) D-mannose Intestine structure Endoplasmic reticulum stress Mitophagy Apical junctional complex

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Dietary curcumin alleviates intestinal damage induced by ochratoxin A in juvenile grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella):Necroptosis and inflammatory responses

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Animal nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 119-132页

作者： Piao Zhao Wei Dan Jiang Pei Wu Yang Liu Hong Mei Ren Xiao Wan Jin Lin Feng Xiao Qiu Zhou Animal nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina fish nutrition and Safety Production University Key laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance nutrition Ministry of EducationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan611130China

Ochratoxin A(OTA)is one of the most common pollutants in aquatic *** a first line of defense,intestinal barriers could be utilized against OTA in order to prevent *** product supplementation is one of the most popular strategies to alleviate toxicity induced by mycotoxins,but there is a lack of knowledge about how it functions in the teleost *** this study,720 juvenile grass carp of about 11 g were selected and four treatment groups(control group,OTA group,curcumin[Cur]group,and OTA+Cur group)were set up to conduct a 60-day growth *** the test,the growth performance and intestinal health related indexes of grass carp were *** addition of dietary Cur could have the following main results:(1)inhibit absorption and promote efflux transporters mRNA expression,reducing the residuals of OTA,(2)decrease oxidative stress by reducing oxidative damage and enhancing the expression of antioxidant enzymes,(3)promote mitochondrial fusion proteins to inhibit the expression of mitotic proteins and mitochondrial autophagy proteins and enhance mitochondrial function,(4)reduce necroptosis-related gene expression through inhibiting the tumor necrotic factor receptor-interacting protein kinase/mixed lineage kinase domain-like pathway,(5)reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory factors by inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway to alleviate the intestinal inflammatory *** summary,the results suggested that Cur could alleviate OTA-induced intestinal damage by enhancing antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial function as well as reducing necroptosis and inflammation in the grass carp *** study provided a theoretical basis and production implications for dietary Cur that could improve growth performance and alleviate the intestinal damage induced by OTA in fish.

关键词： Curcumin Ochratoxin A Grass carp growth performance Mid-intestine mitochondria function Necroptosis

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Aflatoxin B1 decreased flesh flavor and inhibited muscle development in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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Animal nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 27-38页

作者： Xiang Ning He Zhen Zhen Zeng Wei Dan Jiang Pei Wu Yang Liu Sheng Yao Kuang Ling Tang Shu Wei Li Lin Feng Xiao Qiu Zhou Animal nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China fish nutrition and Safety Production University Key laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Key laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance nutrition Ministry of EducationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 611130China Animal nutrition Institute Sichuan Academy of Animal ScienceChengdu 610066China

In nature,aflatoxins,especially aflatoxin B1(AFB1),are the common mycotoxins,which cause serious health problems for humans and *** paper aimed to study the effects of AFB1 on flesh flavor and muscle development of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)and its *** were 1440 individual fish in total,with 6 treatments and each treatment replicated 3 *** 6 treatments were fed a control diet with different doses of AFB1(0.04,29.48,58.66,85.94,110.43 and 146.92μg/kg diet)for 60 ***1 increased myofiber diameter,as well as decreased myofiber density of grass carp muscle(P<0.05).The contents of free amino acid decreased gradually(P<0.05)as dietary AFB1 increased in the muscle of grass *** levels of reactive oxygen species,malonaldehyde and protein carbonyl(PC)were increased(P<0.05)with the dietary AFB1 *** levels of antioxidant enzyme(glutathione peroxidase,glutathione,glutathione reductase,total antioxidant capacity,anti-superoxide anion,and anti-hydroxyl radical)were decreased(P<0.05)with the dietary AFB1 *** addition,dietary AFB1 decreased the content of collagen,and downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smads signaling pathway in grass carp muscle(P<0.05).The mRNA and protein levels of myogenic regulatory factors were downregulated in grass carp muscle(P<0.05).Furthermore,the activities of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)were increased(P<0.05),and the protein levels of phosphorylate-38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p-p38MAPK),phosphorylate-c-Jun N-terminal kinase,urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA),MMP-2 and MMP-9 were upregulated(P<0.05),but collagenⅠ,lamininβ1 and fibronectin were downregulated(P<0.05)with the dietary AFB1 increased in the muscle of grass *** on the results of this study,we can draw the following conclusion:dietary AFB1 might damage flesh flavor and inhibit the muscle development through MAPK/uPA/MMP/extrac

关键词： Aflatoxin B1 Flesh flavor Muscle development Grass carp

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