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Electrochemical conversion of methane to bridge the gap in the artificial carbon cycle

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 286-308页

作者： Yuhao Peng Yuefeng Song Ihar Razanau Juanxiu Xiao Wei Xiao Di Hu Guoxiong Wang College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Wuhan University State Key laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences laboratory of Physical-Chemical Technologies SSPA Scientific and Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus State Key laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology School of Marine Science and Engineering Hainan University Department of Chemical and environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Methane, an abundant one-carbon（C1） resource, is extensively used in the industrial production of vital fuels and value-added chemicals. However, current industrial methane conversion technologies are energy-and carbon-intensive, mainly due to the high activation energy required to break the inert C–H bond, low selectivity, and problematic side reactions, including CO2emissions and coke deposition. Electrochemical conversion of methane（ECM） using intermittent renewable energy offers an attractive solution, due to its modular reactor design and operational flexibility across a broad spectrum of temperatures and pressures. This review emphasizes conversion pathways of methane in various reaction systems, highlighting the significance and advantages of ECM in facilitating a sustainable artificial carbon cycle. This work provides a comprehensive overview of conventional methane activation mechanisms and delineates the complete pathways of methane conversion in electrolysis contexts. Based on surface/interface chemistry, this work systematically analyzes proposed reaction pathways and corresponding strategies to enhance ECM efficiency towards various target products, including syngas, hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and advanced carbon materials. The discussion also encompasses opportunities and challenges for the ECM process, including insights into ECM pathways, rational electrocatalyst design, establishment of benchmarking protocols, electrolyte engineering, enhancement of CH4conversion rates, and minimization of CO2emission.

关键词： Activation energy

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Designing Electronic Structures of Multiscale Helical Converters for Tailored Ultrabroad Electromagnetic Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 439-455页

作者： Zhaobo Feng Chongbo Liu Xin Li Guangsheng Luo Naixin Zhai Ruizhe Hu Jing Lin Jinbin Peng Yuhui Peng Renchao Che Key laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringNanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China School of physics and Materials Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031People’s Republic of China Key laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of EducationNanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China

Atomic-scale doping strategies and structure design play pivotal roles in tailoring the electronic structure and physicochemical property of electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)***,the relationship between configuration and electromagnetic(EM)loss mechanism has remained ***,drawing inspiration from the DNA transcription process,we report the successful synthesis of novel in situ Mn/N co-doped helical carbon nanotubes with ultrabroad EMWA *** calculation and EM simulation confirm that the orbital coupling and spin polarization of the Mn–N4–C configuration,along with cross polarization generated by the helical structure,endow the helical converters with enhanced EM *** a result,HMC-8 demonstrates outstanding EMWA performance,achieving a minimum reflection loss of−63.13 dB at an ultralow thickness of 1.29 *** precise tuning of the graphite domain size,HMC-7 achieves an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 6.08 GHz at 2.02 mm ***,constructing macroscale gradient metamaterials enables an ultrabroadband EAB of 12.16 GHz at a thickness of only 5.00 mm,with the maximum radar cross section reduction value reaching 36.4 dB *** innovative approach not only advances the understanding of metal–nonmetal co-doping but also realizes broadband EMWA,thus contributing to the development of EMWA mechanisms and applications.

关键词： Metal-nonmetal co-doping 3d-2p orbital coupling Spin polarization Helical structure Broadband EM wave absorption

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Statistical analysis on the validity of the cold plasma approximation for chorus waves based on Van Allen Probe observations and their effects on radiation belt electrons

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Earth and Planetary physics 2025年第1期9卷 159-170页

作者： AoJun Ren Jiang Yu Jing Wang ZuZheng Chen XiaoMan Liu Planetary environmental and Astrobiological Research laboratory(PEARL) School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai Guangdong 519000China

Theoretical analysis has demonstrated that the dispersion relation of chorus waves plays an essential role in the resonant interaction and energy transformation between the waves and magnetospheric *** quantitative analyses often simplified the chorus dispersion relation by using the cold plasma ***,the applicability of the cold plasma assumption is doubtful,especially during geomagnetic *** here present a systematic statistical analysis on the validity of the cold plasma dispersion relation of chorus waves based on observations from the Van Allen Probes over the period from 2012 to *** statistical results show that the observed magnetic field intensities deviate substantially from those calculated from the cold plasma dispersion relation and that they become more pronounced with an increase in geomagnetic activity or a decrease in background plasma *** region with large deviations is mainly concentrated in the nightside and expands in both the radial and azimuthal directions as the geomagnetic activity increases or the background plasma density *** addition,the bounce-averaged electron scattering rates are computed by using the observed and cold plasma dispersion relation of chorus *** with usage of the cold plasma dispersion relation,usage of the observed dispersion relation considerably lowers the minimum resonant energy of electrons and lowers the scattering rates of electrons above tens of kiloelectronvolts but enhances those ***,these differences are more pronounced with the enhancement of geomagnetic activity or the decrease in background plasma density.

关键词： chorus waves cold plasma approximation dispersion relations scattering rates

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An investigation on the wind profiles and gravity wave dynamics in MLT region based on the meteor radars from the Meridian Project

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Earth and Planetary physics 2025年第1期9卷 29-38页

作者： Tai Liu Zhe Wang MengXi Shi Willie Soon ShiCan Qiu Department of Geophysics College of the Geology Engineering and GeomaticsChang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China Center for environmental Research and Earth Sciences(CERES) SalemMA 01970USA Institute of Earth physics and Space Science(ELKH EPSS) 9400SopronHungary

The meteor radar can detect the zenith angle,azimuth,radial velocity,and altitude of meteor trails so that one can invert the wind profiles in the mesosphere and low thermosphere(MLT)region,based on the Interferometric and Doppler *** this paper,the horizontal wind field,gravity wave(GW)disturbance variance,and GW fluxes are analyzed through the meteor radar observation from 2012−2022,at Mohe(53.5°N,122.4°E)and Zuoling(30.5°N,114.6°E)stations of the(Chinese)Meridian *** Lomb−Scargle periodogram method has been utilized to analyze the periodic variations for time series with observational data *** results show that the zonal winds at both stations are eastward dominated,while the meridional winds are southward *** variance of GW disturbances in the zonal and meridional directions increases gradually with height,and there is a strong pattern of annual *** zonal momentum flux of GW changes little with height,showing weak annual *** meridional GW flux varies gradually from northward to southward with height,and the annual periodicity is *** both stations,the maximum values of zonal and meridional wind occur close to the peak heights of GW flux,with opposite *** observational evidence is consistent with the filtering *** horizontal wind velocity,GW flux,and disturbance variance of the GW at Mohe are overall smaller than those at Zuoling,indicating weaker activities in the MLT at *** power spectral density(PSD)calculated by the Lomb−Scargle periodogram shows that there are 12-month period and 6-month period in horizontal wind field,GW disturbance variance and GW flux at both stations,and especially there is also a 4-month cycle in the disturbance *** PSD of the 12-month and 6-month cycles exhibits maximum values below 88 km and above 94 km.

关键词： meteor radar wind field gravity wave Lomb−Scargle method

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Analysis of the hydrological safety of dams combining two numerical tools:Iber and DualSphysics

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第1期30卷 87-94页

作者： J.González-Cao O.García-Feal J.M.Domínguez A.J.C.Crespo M.Gómez-Gesteira environmental physics laboratory (EPHYSLAB) Universidade de Vigo Campus AsLagoas

The upgrade of the hydrological safety of dams is a critical issue to avoid failures that can dramatically affect people and assets. This paper shows a numerical methodology to analyse the safety of the Belesar dam（NW, Spain） based on two different numerical codes. First, a mesh-based code named Iber, suited to deal with large 2-D domains, is used to simulate the impoundment. The initial conditions and the inlet provided to Iber correspond to the maximum water elevation and the maximum expected inflow to the impoundment defined in the technical specifications of the dam, which are associated to the more hazardous operation conditions of the dam. Iber provides information about the time needed for water to attain the crest of the dam when floodgates are closed. In addition, it also provides the velocity of discharge when gates are opened. Then, a mesh-free code named DualSphysics, which is especially suited to deal with complex and violent 3-D flows, is used to reproduce the behaviour of one of the spillways of the dam starting from the results obtained with Iber, which are used as inlet conditions for DualSphysics. The combined results of both model show that the left spillway can discharge the surplus of water associated to the maximum inflow to the reservoir if the gates of the spillways are opened before the overtopping of the dam was observed. In addition, water depth measured on the spillway is considerably lower than the lateral walls, preventing overtopping. Finally, velocities at different points of the spillway showed to be in good agreement with theoretical values.

关键词： Hydrological safety dam numerical simulation Iber DualSphysics

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Structural stability and electronic properties of carbon star lattice monolayer

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Chinese physics B 2014年第9期23卷 310-313页

作者：范雪兰牛春要王新全王建涛李捍东 Beijing National laboratory for Condensed Matter physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences State Key laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

By means of the first-principles calculations, we have investigated the structural stability and electronic properties of carbon star lattice monolayer and nanoribbons. The phase stability of the carbon star lattice is verified through phononmode analysis and room temperature molecular dynamics simulations. The carbon star lattice is found to be metallic due to the large states across the Fermi-level contributed by Pz orbital. Furthermore, the nanoribbons are also found to be metallic and no spin polarization occurs, except for the narrowest nanoribbon with one C12 ring, which has a ferromagnetic ground state. Our results show that carbon star lattice monolayer and nanoribbons have rich electronic properties with great potential in future electronic nanodevices.

关键词： carbon star lattice structural stability electronic properties first-principles calculations

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Low Temperature Preparation of Ceria Solid Solutions Doubly Doped with Rare-Earth and Alkali-Earth and Their Properties as Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Journal of Rare Earths 2003年第4期21卷 461-465页

作者：任引哲蒋凯王海霞孟健苏锵 Chemistry & environmental Science College The Key laboratory of Rare Earth Chemistry and physics

A series of solid electrolytes, (Ce 0.8 Ln 0.2 ) 1- x M x O 2-δ (Ln= La, Nd, Sm, Gd, M:Alkali earth), were prepared by amorphous citrate gel method. XRD patterns indicate that a pure fluorite phase is formed at 800 ℃. The electrical conductivity and the AC impedance spectra were measured. XPS spectra show that the oxygen vacancies increase owing to the MO doping, which results in the increase of the oxygen ionic transport number and conductivity. The performance of ceria based solid electrolyte is improved. The effects of rare earth and alkali earth ions on the electricity were discussed. The open circuit voltages and maximum power density of planar solid oxide fuel cell using (Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 ) 1-0.05 Ca 0.05 O 2- δ as electrolyte are 0.86 V and 33 mW·cm -2 , respectively.

关键词： ceria solid electrolyte amorphous citrate gel method impedance spectra solid oxide fuel cell rare earths

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Heat Flux Apportionment to Heterogeneous Surfaces Using Flux Footprint Analysis

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第1期25卷 107-116页

作者：彭谷亮蔡旭晖张宏升李爱国胡非 Monique Y.LECLERC Department of environmental Sciences Peking University Department of Atmospheric Sciences Peking University State Key laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Science laboratory for environmental physics University of Georgia

Heat flux data collected from the Baiyangdian Heterogeneous Field Experiment were analyzed using the footprint method. High resolution （25 m） Landsat-5 satellite imaging was used to determine the land cover as one of four surface types： farmland, lake, wetland, or village. Data from two observation sites in September 2005 were used. One site （Wangjiazhai） was characterized by highly heterogeneous surfaces in the central area of the Baiyangdian： lake/wetland. The other site （Xiongxian） was on land with more uniform surface cover. An improved Eulerian analytical flux footprint model was used to determine “source areas” of the heat fluxes measured at towers located at each site from surrounding landscapes of mixed surface types. In relative terms results show that wetland and lake areas generally contributed most to the observed heat flux at Wangjiazhai, while farmland contributed most at Xiongxian. Given the areal distribution of surface type contributions, calculations were made to obtain the magnitudes of the heat flux from lake, wetland and farmland to the total observed flux and apportioned contributions of each surface type to the sensible and latent heat fluxes. Results show that on average the sensible heat flux from wetland and farmland were comparable over the diurnal cycle, while the latent heat flux from farmland was somewhat larger by about 30-50 W m-2 during daytime. The latent and sensible fluxes from the lake source in daytime were about 50 W m-2 and 100 W m-2 less, respectively, than from wetland and farmland. The results are judged reasonable and serve to demonstrate the potential for flux apportionment over heterogeneous surfaces.

关键词： Eulerian analytical model flux footprint heat flux heterogeneous surface

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From micro-to nanosized particles:Selected characterization methods and measurable parameters

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Particuology 2011年第3期9卷 193-203页

作者： Nayla Sabbagh-Kupelwieser Anne Maisser Wladyslaw W.Szymanski Faculty of physics Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics DivisionUniversity of Vienna

Airborne micro- and nanoparticles-aerosols - play an important role in many natural phenomena and in a variety of industrial processes, as well as the public health issue. They may be of natural or anthropogenic origin; their presence in an environment might be intentional or due to undesirable release. In any case, merely the particle detection and characterization, ideally in real-time, provide an insight into the potential burden allowing also controlling and abatement measures. Due to the broad size range it is not possible to characterize the entire particle spectrum with only one method. This contribution discusses selected optical techniques based on elastic light scattering, which are suitable for characterization of micrometer sized particles and particular electrical techniques allowing measurement of nanoparticles. It is shown that combination of instruments measuring different properties of the same nanoparticles offers derivative parameters contributing to more complete characterization of aerosols

关键词： Aerosol Nanoparticles Light scattering Electrical mobility Particle sizing PM-fractions

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Investigation of CO and formaldehyde oxidation over mesoporous Ag/Co_3O_4 catalysts

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2013年第6期22卷 845-852页

作者： Fangli Yu Zhenping Qu Xiaodong Zhang Qiang Fu Yi Wang Key laboratory of Industrial Ecology and environmental Engineering (MOE) School of Environmental Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology State Key laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

CO and formaldehyde(HCHO)oxidation reactions were investigated over mesoporous Ag/Co3O4 catalysts prepared by one-pot(OP)and impregnation(IM)*** was found that the one-pot method was superior to the impregnation method for synthesizing Ag/Co3O4 catalysts with high activity for both *** was also found that the catalytic behavior of mesoporous Co3O4 and Ag/Co3O4 catalysts for the both reactions was *** the addition of silver on mesoporous Co3O4 did not always enhance the catalytic activity of final catalyst for CO oxidation at room temperature(20 C),but could significantly improve the catalytic activity of final catalyst for HCHO oxidation at low temperature(90 C).The high surface area,uniform pore structure and the pretty good dispersion degree of the silver particle should be responsible for the excellent low-temperature CO oxidation ***,for HCHO oxidation,the addition of silver played an important role in the activity *** the silver particle size and the reducibility of Co3O4 should be indispensable for the high activity of HCHO oxidation at low temperature.

关键词： mesoporous materials Co3O4 Ag CO oxidation HCHO oxidation

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