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Forced boiling of nonazeotropic immiscible mixture in a supercapillary microchannel array for ultra-high heat flux removal with chip junction temperature below 85℃

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1364-1380页

作者： SUN Bo BAO YuChen TIAN Tong LI Ji School of engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China laboratory of Advanced Thermal Management technologies School of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

In this study,a structure-optimized two-phase microchannel heat sink with sintered submicron nucleation sites was developed and *** copper-based microchannels had a rectangular cross-section with an equivalent hydraulic diameter of 222μ*** subcooled flow boiling characteristics were comprehensively compared between pure HFE-7100 and a non-azeotropic,immiscible binary mixture of HFE-7100 and water,considering heating areas of 1 and 5 cm^(2).The total heating power input to the test section were 100–1500 and 250–3000 W for a 1 and 5 cm^(2)heat source,respectively,with a flow rate ranging from 50 to150 L/*** to pure HFE-7100,the non-azeotropic immiscible binary mixture of HFE-7100/water in the sintered porous microchannels exhibited a much higher overall heat transfer coefficient and lower power *** maintain the junction temperature of a high power electronic chip below 85℃,the proposed supercapillary microchannel heat sink could effectively dissipate the heat flux of 1275 W/cm^(2)over 1 cm^(2)heat source and 500 W/cm^(2)over 5 cm^(2)heat *** addition,the volume ratio of the binary mixture strongly influence the two-phase flow heat transfer *** optimal volume ratio exist in terms of the thermal resistance–pumping power minimization(HFE-7100:water=2:8 is recommended in this study).The findings of this investigation on the flow boiling properties of non-azeotropic immiscible mixtures help fill a gap in the related field.

关键词： microchannel sintered powder coating submicron nucleation cavities nonazeotropic immiscible ultra-high heat flux

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Precision design of Ti sites for unprecedented catalytic performance

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 67-68页

作者： Haoquan Zheng Shunai Che Key laboratory of applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

In 1983, Taramasso et al. incorporated titanium(Ti) into porous silica frameworks to endow Ti sites with catalytic oxidation ability [1]. Nowadays, catalytic oxidation reactions using titanium silicate materials have ...

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Valence-tailored copper-based nanoparticles for enhanced chemodynamic therapy through prolonged ROS generation and potentiated GSH depletion

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6342-6352页

作者： Xinyang Li Binbin Ding Jing Li Di Han Hao Chen Jia Tan Qi Meng Pan Zheng Ping’an Ma Jun Lin State Key laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of applied Chemistry and engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Chemodynamic therapy(CDT),an inventive approach to cancer treatment,exploits innate chemical processes to trigger cell death through the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).While offering advantages over conventional treatments,the optimization of CDT efficacy presents challenges stemming from suboptimal catalytic efficiency and the counteractive ROS scavenging effect of intracellular glutathione(GSH).In this study,we aim to address this dual challenge by delving into the role of copper valence states in *** the unique attributes of copper-based nanoparticles,especially zero-valent copper nanoparticles(CuPd NPs),we aim to enhance the therapeutic potential of *** experiments reveal that zero-valent CuPd NPs outperform divalent copper nanoparticles(Ox-CuPd NPs)by displaying superior catalytic performance and sustaining ROS generation through a dual approach integrating peroxidase-like(POD-like)activity and Cu+***,zero-valent NPs exhibit enhanced GSH depletion compared to their divalent counterparts,thereby intensifying CDT and inducing ferroptosis,ultimately resulting in high-efficiency tumor growth *** findings reveal the impact of valences on CDT,providing novel insights for the optimization and design of CDT agents.

关键词： CuPd nanoparticle ferroptosis chemodynamic therapy valance tailoring tumor therapy

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Atomic-level coupled RuO_(2)/BaRuO_(3) heterostructure for efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 356-362,I0009页

作者： Yueying Yan Tian Meng Yuting Chen Yang Yang Dewen Wang Zhicai Xing Xiurong Yang State Key laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022JilinChina School of applied Chemistry and engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina

The slow water dissociation is the rate-determining step that slows down the reaction rate in alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Optimizing the surface electronic structure of the catalyst to lower the energy barrier of water dissociation and regulating the binding strength of adsorption intermediates are crucial strategy for boosting the catalytic performance of *** this study,RuO_(2)/BaRuO_(3)(RBRO)heterostructures with abundant oxygen vacancies and lattice distortion were in-situ constructed under a low temperature via the thermal decomposition of *** RBRO heterostructures obtained at 550℃ exhibited the highest HER activity in 1 M KOH,showing an ultra-low overpotential of 16 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and a Tafel slope of 33.37 m V dec^(-1).Additionally,the material demonstrated remarkable durability,with only 25 mV of degradation in overpotential after 200 h of stability testing at 10 mA cm^(-2).Density functional theory calculations revealed that the redistribution of charges at the heterojunction interface can optimize the binding energies of H*and OH*and effectively lower the energy barrier of water *** research offers novel perspectives on surpassing the water dissociation threshold of alkaline HER catalysts by means of a systematic design of heterogeneous interfaces.

关键词： Heterostructure Hydrogen evolution reaction Interfacial electron transfer Oxygen vacancies

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A low-swelling hydrogel as a multirole sealant for efficient dural defect sealing and prevention of postoperative adhesion

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 294-307页

作者： Xueliang Cheng Zhen Zhang Hui Ren Zheng Zou Yu Zhang Yang Qu Xuesi Chen Jianwu Zhao Chaoliang He CAS Key laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Orthopedics The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University School of applied Chemistry and engineering University of Science and Technology of China

Dural defects and subsequent complications, including cerebrospinal fluid（CSF） leakage, are common in both spine surgery and neurosurgery, and existing clinical treatments are still unsatisfactory. In this study, a tissue-adhesive and low-swelling hydrogel sealant comprising gelatin and o-phthalaldehyde（OPA）-terminated 4-armed poly（ethylene glycol）(4aPEG-OPA) is developed via the OPA/amine condensation reaction. The hydrogel shows an adhesive strength of 79.9 ± 12.0 k Pa on porcine casing and a burst pressure of 208.0 ± 38.0 cm H2O. The hydrogel exhibits a low swelling ratio at physiological conditions, avoiding nerve compression in the limited spinal and intracranial spaces. In rat and rabbit models of lumbar and cerebral dural defects, the 4aPEG-OPA/gelatin hydrogel achieves excellent performance in dural defect sealing and preventing CSF leakage. Moreover, local inflammation, epidural fibrosis and postoperative adhesion in the defect areas are markedly reduced. Thus, these findings establish the strong potential of the hydrogel sealant for the effective watertight closure of dural defects.

关键词： hydrogel sealant watertight closure low swelling o-phthalaldehyde chemistry dural sealing

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All-inorganic nitrate electrolyte for high-performance lithium oxygen battery

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4163-4170页

作者： Dongyue Yang Jiayi Du Kai Chen Haoran Zhang Gang Huang Tong Liu Xinbo Zhang Hongjie Zhang State Key laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of applied Chemistry and engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries have been regarded as an expectant successor for next-generation energy storage systems owing to their ultra-high theoretical energy ***,the comprehensive properties of the commonly utilized organic salt electrolyte are still unsatisfactory,not to mention their expensive prices,which seriously hinders the practical production and application of Li-O_(2) ***,we have proposed a low-cost all-inorganic nitrate electrolyte(LiNO_(3)-KNO_(3)-DMSO)for Li-O_(2) *** inorganic nitrate electrolyte exhibits higher ionic conductivity and a wider electrochemical stability window than the organic salt *** existence of K+can stabilize the O_(2)-intermediate,promoting the discharge process through the solution pathway with an enlarged *** at an ultra-low concentration of 0.01 M,the K+can still remain stable to promote the solution discharge process and also possess a new function of inhibiting the dendrite growth by electrostatic shielding,further enhancing the battery stability and contributing to the long cycle *** a result,in the 0.99 M LiNO_(3)-0.01 M KNO_(3)-DMSO electrolyte,the Li-O_(2) batteries exhibit prolonged cycling performance(108 cycles)and excellent rate performance(2 A·g^(-1)),significantly superior to the organic salt one.

关键词： Li-O_(2)batteries potassium ions inorganic nitrate electrolyte solution pathway mechanism

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Particle Size Optimization of Thermochemical Salt Hydrates for High Energy Density Thermal Storage

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 326-333页

作者： Andrew Martin Drew Lilley Raνi Prasher Sumanjeet Kaur Energy technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Mechanical engineering UC BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Thermal energy storage(TES)solutions offer opportunities to reduce energy consumption,greenhouse gas emissions,and ***,they can help reduce the peak load and address the intermittency of renewable energy sources by time shifting the load,which are critical toward zero energy *** materials(TCMs)as a class of TES undergo a solid-gas reversible chemical reaction with water vapor to store and release energy with high storage capacities(600 kWh m^(-3))and negligible self-discharge that makes them uniquely suited as compact,stand-alone units for daily or seasonal ***,TCMs suffer from instabilities at the material(salt particles)and reactor level(packed beds of salt),resulting in poor multi-cycle efficiency and high-levelized cost of *** this study,a model is developed to predict the pulverization limit or Rcrit of various salt hydrates during thermal *** is critical as it provides design rules to make mechanically stable TCM composites as well as enables the use of more energy-efficient manufacturing process(solid-state mixing)to make the *** model is experimentally validated on multiple TCM salt hydrates with different water content,and effect of Rcrit on hydration and dehydration kinetics is also investigated.

关键词： high energy density hydration kinetics long-term cycling thermal energy storage thermochemical materials

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Alloyed Pt-Sn nanoparticles on hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages for advanced glycerol electrooxidation

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4055-4061页

作者： Jietao Jiang Liqi Zhou Fengfei Xu Guanghai Chen Xiaoyu Liu Zhen Shen Lijun Yang Qiang Wu Xizhang Wang Zheng Hu Key laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for NanotechnologySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China National laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Glycerol is an alternative sustainable fuel for fuel cells,and efficient electrocatalyst is crucial for glycerol oxidation reaction(GOR).The promising Pt catalysts are subject to the inadequate capability of C-C bond cleavage and the susceptibility to ***,Pt-Sn alloyed nanoparticles are immobilized on hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages(hNCNCs)by convenient ethylene glycol reduction and subsequent thermal *** optimal Pt_(3)Sn/hNCNC catalyst exhibits excellent GOR performance with a high mass activity(5.9 A·mg_(Pt)^(-1)),which is 2.7 and 5.4 times higher than that of Pt/hNCNC and commercial Pt/C,*** an enhancement can be mainly ascribed to the increased anti-poisoning and C-C bond cleavage capability due to the Pt_(3)Sn alloying effect and Sn-enriched surface,the high dispersion of Pt_(3)Sn active species due to N-participation,as well as the high accessibility of Pt_(3)Sn active species due to the three-dimensional(3D)hierarchical architecture of *** study provides an effective GOR electrocatalyst and convenient approach for catalyst preparation.

关键词： Pt_(3)Sn alloy hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages glycerol electrooxidation anti-poisoning C-C bond cleavage

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Synergistic enhancement of ultrasound therapy for tumors using hypoxia-activated 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine(DON)prodrug nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6323-6331页

作者： Mengfei Zheng Zhilin Liu Hang Xu Daping Ye Linjie Cui Chenguang Yang Lili Ma Kun Wang Kazuo Sakurai Zhaohui Tang Key laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of applied Chemistry and engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Jilin Biomedical Polymers engineering laboratory Changchun 130022China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Kitakyushu1-1 HibikinoKitakyushu 808-0135Japan

Ultrasound(US)has been applied in clinical practice for its non-invasive and high ***,it is difficult to achieve a satisfactory anti-tumor effect with US ***,the use of US therapy alone can exacerbate tumor *** this study,we prepared hypoxia-activated 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine(DON)prodrug nanoparticles(HDON-NPs)to improve US therapeutic *** an H22 murine liver cancer model,US therapy selectively disrupted tumor blood vessels,leading to increased tumor hypoxia and a 1.67-fold increase in the expression of nitroreductase(NTR).The combination therapy of US and HDON-NPs demonstrated a synergistic effect,resulting in a tumor suppression rate(TSR)of 90.2%±6.4%,which was 5.93-fold higher than that of US therapy *** combined treatment selectively blocked the glutamine metabolism of the tumor cells while simultaneously activating the T cells in the tumor microenvironment,thereby exerting a robust anti-tumor effect.

关键词： ultrasound therapy hypoxia-activated prodrug nanoparticles 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine(DON) glutamine antagonist starvation therapy

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Direct visualization of laser-driven dynamic fragmentation in tin by in situ x-ray diffraction

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 109-114页

作者： Jing Yang Xinxin Wang Liang Xu Qiannan Wang Yi Sun Jiangtao Li Lin Zhang Yinghua Li Yuying Yu Pei Wang Qiang Wu Jianbo Hu laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Institute of Fluid PhysicsChina Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsBeijing 100094China

We present a novel method for investigating laser-driven dynamic fragmentation in tin using in situ X-ray *** experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the method for simultaneously identifying the phase and temperature of fragments through analysis of the diffraction ***,we observe a deviation from the widely accepted isentropic release assumption,with the temperature of the fragments being found to be more than 100 K higher than expected,owing to the release of plastic work during dynamic *** findings are further verified through extensive large-scale molecular dynamics simulations,in which strain energies are found to be transferred into thermal energies during the nucleation and growth of voids,leading to an increase in *** findings thus provide crucial insights into the impact-driven dynamic fragmentation phenomenon and reveal the significant influence of plastic work on material response during shock release.

关键词： dynamic release diffraction

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