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Oxygen vacancies enriched Ir/WOx catalysts for the directly chem-catalytic conversion of cellulose to ethanol

Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 88-99页

作者： Yu-Jing Weng Zhao-Ying Ding Ying-Chao Li Yuan-Feng Wu Yuan-Yang Xu Rui Chen Xiao-Lei Zhao Hai-Yong Wang Da-Lei Zhang Yu-Long Zhang Henan Key laboratory of Coal Green Conversion and International Joint Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Key laboratory of Renewable energy Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences Liaoning Institute of energy Technology

Tungsten and its oxides are highly versatile catalysts with unique properties that hold great promise for a wide array of applications,including biological pathways and chemical *** chemo-catalysis of cellulose to ethanol presents a promising avenue for ethanol synthesis with the potential for enhanced efficiency compared to conventional methods,offering a sustainable and carbon-neutral alternative to existing petrochemical and biological ***,Ir/WOxcatalysts enriched with oxygen vacancies were meticulously prepared and demonstrated remarkable catalytic performance in converting cellulose to ethanol directly in the presence of tungstic *** catalyst achieved a high ethanol yield of 66.5%under optimal reaction conditions,approaching the theoretical yield limit of traditional ethanol *** results revealed the presence of oxygen defects,Bronsted/Lewis acidity,and Ir nanoclusters on the catalyst surface,working synergistically to facilitate the cascade catalysis of cellulose hydrolysis,sugar retro-aldol condensation reaction,and C2 intermediate hydrodeoxygenation to *** situ Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis confirmed the catalyst's ability to enhance the adsorption and activation of ethylene glycol for ethanol *** manipulating subtle structural features,this study offers a fresh perspective on tungsten group catalyst design and underscores the importance of synergistic effects among catalytic sites for the efficient production of ethanol from cellulose.

关键词： Cellulosic ethanol Chem-catalysis Hydrogenolysis Retro-aldol condensation Tungsten

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Synergistic enhancement of ion/electron transport by ultrafine nanoparticles and graphene in Li2FeTiO4/C/G nanofibers for symmetric Li-ion batteries

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第02期101卷 42-51页

作者： Wenjie Ma Yakun Tang Yue Zhang Xiaohui Li Lang Liu Xueting Wang Yuliang Cao State Key laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based energy Resources Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Xinjiang University College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Wuhan University

Low-cost Fe-based disordered rock salt（DRX） Li2FeTiO4is capable of providing high capacity(295 mA h g-1) by redox activity of cations(Fe2+/Fe4+and Ti3+/Ti4+) and anionic ***,DRX structures lack transport channels for ions and electrons,resulting in sluggish kinetics,poor electrochemical activity,and ***,graphene conductive carbon network permeated Li2FeTiO4（LFT/C/G） nanofibers are successfully prepared by a facile sol-gel assisted electrospinning *** Li2FeTiO4nanoparticles（2 nm） and one-dimensional（1D） structure provide abu ndant active sites and unobstructed diffu sion channels,accelerating ion *** addition,introducing graphene reduces the band gap and Li+diffusion barrier and improves the dynamic properties of Li2FeTiO4,thus achieving a relatively mild interfacial reaction and reversible redox *** expected,the LFT/C/1.0G cathode delivers a remarkable discharge capacity(238.5 mA h g-1),high energy density(508.8 Wh kg-1),and excellent rate capability(51.2 mA hg-1at 1.0 A g-1).Besides,the LFT/C/1.0G anode also displays a high capacity(514.5 mA h g-1at 500 mA g-1) and a remarkable rate capability(243.9 mA h g-1at 8 A g-1).Moreover,the full batteries based on the LFT/C/1.0G symmetric electrode demonstrate a reversible capacity of 117.0 mA h g-1after 100 cycles at 50 mA *** study presents useful insights into developing cost-effective DRX cathodes with durable and fast lithium storage.

关键词： 1D structure Disordered rock salt Li2FeTiO4 Graphene Lithium-ion battery electrode Rapid ion/electron transport

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Gas-Solid Flow,Combustion Characteristics,and Gas Emissions in a 75 t/h CFB Boiler Based on the CPFD Method

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 323-336页

作者： HUANG Xiankun BAI Zhang ZHU Xiaoli WANG Shuoshuo MU Lin GONG Liang College of New energy China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Key laboratory of Ocean energy Utilization and energy Conservation of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Power EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

A 3D simulation using Computational Particle Fluid Dynamics(CPFD)methods was used to calculate coal combustion in a 75 t/h industrial-scale circulating fluidized bed(CFB)*** characteristics,gas-solid flow characteristics,and gaseous pollutant emissions of CFB boilers from combustion ignition to stable operation were systematically evaluated in this *** show that the temperature distribution is relatively uniform throughout the *** the combustion process unfolds within the boiler,the gas composition curve strikingly portrays the inverse correlation between CO_(2)and O_(2)*** the combustion reaction progresses,it becomes evident that the concentration of CO_(2)progressively increases,while the concentration of O_(2)concurrently *** inverse relationship underscores the fundamental combustion reaction,where carbon-based fuels react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and release ***,a comprehensive analysis has revealed that,from ignition to stable combustion,both nitric oxide(NO)and sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))emissions exhibit a declining *** reduction in pollutant generation is attributed to the improvement in combustion *** complete combustion leads to lower levels of unburned hydrocarbons,which are prone to NO ***,the sulfur content in the fuel is more efficiently oxidized to sulfur trioxide(SO_(3))or bound in sulfates,reducing SO_(2)*** steady state in the simulation,the SO_(2)mass flow rate varies significantly with the furnace height,gradually increasing from 0.07 kg·s^(-1)at 4 m at the bottom of the furnace to a peak of 0.078 kg·s^(-1)at 8 m in the center,and then decreasing to 0.06 kg·s^(-1)at 20m at the top of the furnace.

关键词： circulating fluidized bed particle flow combustion CPFD modeling

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Numerical Study of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Shell-and-Tube Molten Salt Electric Heater with Circularly Perforated Baffles

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 24-33页

作者： LIN Yongjie ZHANG Cancan WU Yuting ZHANG Yi LU Yuanwei Key laboratory of Heat Transfer and energy Conversion National User-Side Energy Storage Innovation Research and Development CenterBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Numerical simulations of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of four shell-and-tube molten salt electric heaters with different perforation rates was ***-and-tube electric heaters have the same geometry and tube arrangement,and all of them use single segmental baffles,but there exist four different baffle openings(φ),i.e.,0%,2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%.The results indicated that the reasonable baffle opening could significantly reduce the shell-side pressure drop,effectively decreasing the shell-side flow dead zone *** can eliminate the local high-temperature phenomenon on the surface of electric heating tubes,but the heat transfer coefficient is slightly *** perforated schemes significantly reduce shell-side pressure drop compared to the baseline solution without open *** particular,the φ=6.31% scheme exhibits the optimal performance among all the schemes,with a maximum reduction of up to 50.50% in shell-side pressure drop relative to the unopened holes *** heat transfer coefficient is the highest for φ=0%,exhibiting a range of5.26% to 5.73%,5.14% to 5.99%,and 7.31% to 8.54% higher than φ=2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%,respectively,within the calculated *** composite index h/(Δp)^(1/3)was higher for all open-hole solutions than that for the unopened-hole *** best overall performance was for φ=6.31%,which improved the composite index by15.29%to 17.18%over the unopened-hole solution.

关键词： molten salt electric heater perforated baffles heat transfer

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Efficiency improvement for post-sulfurized CIGS solar cells enabled by in situ Na doping

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 324-332页

作者： Zeran Gao Yuchen Xiong Jiawen Wang Shanshan Tian Wanlei Dai Haoyu Xu Xinzhan Wang Chao Gao Yali Sun Wei Yu National-Local Joint Engineering laboratory of New energy Photovoltaic Devices Key Laboratory of Brain-like Neuromorphic Devices and Systems of Hebei Province Hebei University

Despite sulfurization offers the advantage of improving the photovoltaic performance in preparing Cu（In,Ga）Se2（CIGS） absorbers,deep level defects in the absorber and poor energy level alignment on the front surface are still main obstacles limiting the improvement of power co nversion efficiency（PCE） in sulfided CIGS solar ***,an in-situ Na doping strategy is proposed,in which the tailing effect of crystal growth is used to promote the sulfurization of CIGS *** is found that the grain growth is supported by Na incorporating due to the enrichment of NaSexnear the upper *** high soluble Na during grain growth can not only suppress intrinsic InCudonor defects in the absorber,but also tailor S distribution in bulk and the band alignment at the heterojunction,which are both beneficial for the effective electron ***,the Na aggregation near the bottom of the absorber also contributes to the crystalline quality increasing and favorable ultra-thin MoSe2formation at back contact,resulting in a reduced barrier height conducive to hole *** of the champion device is as high as 16.76% with a 28% *** research offers new insights into synthesizing CIGS solar cells and other chalcogenide solar cells with superior cell performance when using an intense sulfurization process.

关键词： CBO CIGS Defect In situ doping Sulfurization

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Selenate oxyanion-intercalated NiFeOOH for stable water oxidation via lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 676-684页

作者： Yijie Zhang Weiyi Zhang Xiaowen Zhang Jinping Li Guang Liu Shanxi Key laboratory of Gas energy Efficient and Clean Utilization College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of Technology Shanxi Research Institute of Huai Rou laboratory

Transition metal-based compounds can serve as pre-catalysts to obtain genuine oxygen evolution reaction（OER） electrocatalysts in the form of oxyhydroxides through electrochemical ***,the role and existence form of leached oxygen anions are still ***,we selected iron selenite-wrapped hydrated nickel molybdate（denoted as NiMoO/FeSeO） as a pre-catalyst to study the oxyanion *** is surprising to find that SeO2-exists in the catalyst in the form of intercalation,which is different from previous studies that suggest that anions are doped with residual elements after electrochemical activation,or adsorbed on the catalyst *** experiment and theoretical calculations show that the existence of SeO42-intercalation effectively adjusts the electronic structure of NiFeOOH,promotes intramolecular electron transfer and O-O release,and thus lowers the reaction energy *** expected,the synthesized NiFeOOH-SeO only needs 202 and 285 mV to attain 100 and 1000 mA cm-2in 1 M ***,the anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer（AEMWE） consisting of NiFeOOHSeO anode and Pt/C cathode can reach 1 A cm-2at 1.70 V and no significant attenuation within 300 *** findings provide insights into the mechanism,by which the intercalated oxyanions enhance the OER performance of NiFeOOH,thereby facilitating large-scale hydrogen production through AEMWE.

关键词： Anion exchange membrane electrolyzer Industrial current densities Lattice oxygen oxidation Oxyanion intercalation Water splitting

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State Key laboratory of Power Grid Safety and energy Conservation,China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing,China

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CSEE Journal of Power and energy Systems 2022年第3期8卷 710-720页

作者： Lin Yu Huadong Sun Shiyun Xu Bing Zhao Jian Zhang State Key laboratory of Power Grid Safety and energy Conservation China Electric Power Research InstituteBeijing100192China

The power system is experiencing a higher penetration of renewable energy generations(REGs).The short circuit ratio(SCR)and the grid impedance ratio(GIR)are two indices to quantify the system strength of the power system with *** this paper,the critical short circuit ratio(CSCR)is defined as the corresponding SCR when the system voltage is in the critical stable *** static voltage stability analysis,the mathematical expression of the CSCR considering the impact of GIR is *** maximum value of CSCR is adopted as the critical value to distinguish the weak power *** on the static equivalent circuit analysis,it is proved that the CSCR is still effective to evaluate critical system strength considering the interactive impact among ***,we find that the GIR can be neglected and the SCR can be used individually to evaluate the system strength when SCR>2 or GIR>*** correctness and rationality of the CSCR and its critical value are validated on ADPSS.

关键词： Critical short circuit ratio critical value grid impedance ratio maximum power transfer theorem static equivalent circuit analysis

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Intermolecular reductive coupling of aliphatic ketones with alkynes and alkenes by BCN photocatalysts

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 181-185页

作者： Yanping Xia Luyang Sun Jiajia Cheng Sibo Wang Meifang Zheng Xinchen Wang State Key laboratory of Photocatalysis on energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China

A photocatalytic process was developed for intermolecular reductive coupling of aliphatic ketones with alkynes/alkenes to furnish tertiary *** studies support that boron carbonitrides(BCN)promote the single electron reduction of unactivated aliphatic ketones to generate ketyl radicals with visible light irradiation,which then react with alkynes and alkenes to afford the allylic and aliphatic alcohols,*** heterogeneous photocatalytic system is compatible with diverse substrates including pharmaceutical-related molecules(43 examples)with reusability and scale-up experiments,verifying the complementary synthetic utility of this method to the homogeneous catalysts.

关键词： aliphatic ketones ketyl radical intermolecular cross-coupling tertiary alcohols

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Aqueous indium metal batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 34-35页

作者： Jingjing Zhang Lan Ding Vadim Popkov Kezhen Qi College of Pharmacy Dali University Hydrogen energy laboratory Ioffe Institute

energy storage devices have been extensively owing to their critical role in addressing the energy and environment *** trivalent metal batteries are promising due to their unique three-electron redox reactions for high reversible capacity and high safety [1]. Especially, aqueous aluminum-based batteries have attracted significant attention [2]. However, severe water decomposition occurs due to their low redox potential (Al3+/Al,-1.66 V vs. SHE)[3]. In contrast, the metallic indium (In)/or In3+has a more suitable redox potential (-0.34 V vs. SHE), which is within the water stability window, minimizingwater decomposition [4]. Recently, a study on trivalent indium metal batteries was firstly reported by Wu’s group in Journal of the American Chemical Society [5].

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Enhanced dynamics of Al3+/H+ ions in aqueous aluminum ion batteries:Construction of metastable structures in vanadium pentoxide upon oxygen vacancies

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 562-569页

作者： Zhibao Wang Hanqing Gu Tianci Wu Wenming Zhang Zhanyu Li Hebei Key laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photoelectric Devices College of Physics Science and Technology Hebei University

In recent years,aqueous aluminum ion batteries have been widely studied owing to their abundant energy storage and high theo retical *** in-depth study of vanadium oxide materials is necessary to address the precipitation of insoluble products covered cathode surface and the slow reaction ***,a method using a simple one-step hydrothermal preparation and oxalic acid to regulate oxygen vacancies has been reported.A high starting capacity(400 mAh g-1) can be achieved by Ov-V2O5,and it is capable of undergoing 200 cycles at 0.4 A g-1,with a termination discharge capacity of103 mAh *** analysis demonstrated that metastable structures（AlxV2O5and HxV2O5） were constructed through the insertion of Al3+/H+during discharging,which existed in the lattice intercalation with *** incorporation of oxygen vacancies lowers the reaction energy barrier while improving the ion transport *** addition,the metastable structure allows the electrostatic interaction between Al3+and the main backbone to establish protection and optimize the transport *** parallel,this work exploits ex-situ characterization and DFT to obtain a profound insight into the instrumental effect of oxygen vacancies in the construction of metastable structures during in-situ electrochemical activation,with a view to better understanding the mechanism of the synergistic participation of Al3+and H+in the *** work not only reports a method for cathode materials to modulate oxygen vacancies,but also lays the foundation for a deeper understanding of the metastable structure of vanadium oxides.

关键词： Electrochemical activation Metastable structure Oxygen vacancies Vanadium pentoxide

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