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Nitrogen addition promotes soil carbon accumulation globally

Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 284-293页

作者： Xuemei Yang Suhui Ma Erhan Huang Danhua Zhang Guoping Chen Jiangling Zhu Chengjun Ji Biao Zhu Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang Institute of ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Ministry of Education Key laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan University State Key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences

Soil is the largest carbon(C) reservoir in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a crucial role in regulating the global C cycle and climate *** nitrogen(N) deposition has been widely considered as a critical factor affecting soil organic carbon(SOC) storage, but its effect on SOC components with different stability remains unclear. Here, we analyzed extensive empirical data from 304 sites worldwide to investigate how SOC and its components respond to N addition. Our analysis showed that N addition led to a significant increase in bulk SOC(6.7%), with greater increases in croplands(10.6%) and forests(6.0%) compared to grasslands(2.1%). Regarding SOC components, N addition promoted the accumulation of plant-derived C(9.7%–28.5%) over microbial-derived C(0.2%), as well as labile(5.7%) over recalcitrant components(–1.2%), resulting in a shift towards increased accumulation of plant-derived labile C. Consistently, N addition led to a greater increase in particulate organic C(11.9%) than mineral-associated organic C(3.6%), suggesting that N addition promotes C accumulation across all pools, with more increase in unstable than stable pools. The responses of SOC and its components were best predicted by the N addition rate and net primary productivity. Overall, our findings suggest that N enrichment could promote the accumulation of plant-derived and non-mineral associated C and a subsequent decrease in the overall stability of soil C pool, which underscores the importance of considering the effects of N enrichment on SOC components for a better understanding of C dynamics in soils.

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Sulfur cycle in the typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland ecosystem in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第4期20卷 470-475页

作者： LIU Jingshuang LI Xinhua Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 China Shandong Institute of Agriculture sustainable development Jinan 250100 China

The sulfur cycle and its compartmental distribution within an atmosphere-plant-soil system was studied using a compartment model in the typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland in the Sanjiang Plain Northeast China. The results showed that in the typical meadow C. angustifolia wetland ecosystem, soil was the main storage compartment and current hinge of sulfur in which 98.4% sulfur was accumulated, while only 1.6% sulfur was accumulated in the plant compartment. In the plant subsystem, roots and litters were the main storage compartment of sulfur and they remained 83.5% of the total plant sulfur. The calculations of sulfur turnover through the compartments of the typical meadow C. angustifolia wetland ecosystem demonstrated that the above-ground component took up 0.99 gS/m^2 from the root, of which 0.16 gS/m^2 was translocated to the roots and 0.83 gS/m^2 to the litter. The roots took in 1.05 gS/m^2 from the soil, subsequent translocation back to the soil accounted for 1.31 gS/m^2, while there was 1.84 gS/m^2 in the litter and the net transfer of sulfur to the soil was more than 0.44 gS/（m^2·a）. The emission of H2S from the typical meadow C. angustifolia wetland ecosystem to the atmosphere was 1.83 mgS/（m^2·a）, while carbonyl sulfide （COS） was absorbed by the typical meadow C. angustifolia wetland ecosystem from the atmosphere at the rate of 1.76 mgS/（m^2·a）. The input of sulfur by the rainfall to the ecosystem was 4.85 mgS/m^2 during the growing season. The difference between input and output was 4.78 mgS/m^2, which indicated that sulfur was accumulated in the ecosystem and may cause wetland acidify in the future.

关键词： the Sanjiang Plain typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland ecosystem sulfur cycle

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Spatiotemporal Patterns and Dynamics of Species Richness and Abundance of Woody Plant Functional Groups in a Tropical Forest Landscape of Hainan Island,South China

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第5期50卷 547-558页

作者： Zhi-Dong Zhang Run-Guo Zang Yao-Dong Qi Key laboratory of Forest ecology and Environment the State Forestry Administration Institute of Forest ecology Environment and Protection Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for sustainable development the Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai 264003 China

Tropical forests are among the most species-diverse ecosystems on Earth. Their structures and ecological functions are complex to understand. Functional group is defined as a group of species that play similar roles in an ecosystem. The functional group approach has been regarded as an effective way of linking the compositions of complex ecosystems with their ecological functions. To understand the variation of functional groups in species-rich ecosystems after disturbance, the present study investigated the spatial pattern and temporal dynamics of woody plants in a typically fragmented natural forest landscape of Hainan Island in South China. The study area was classified into eight landscape types based on vegetation type, disturbance manner and the time of recovery. The woody plant species were aggregated into seven functional groups based on the growth form, successional status and plant size. The results gained from the present study showed that all functional groups, except for the emergent and canopy tree species, were present in all eight landscape types. Each landscape type had different numbers of dominant functional groups. There are similar species richness and stem abundance structure among functional groups between mid-successional clear cut lowland rainforest and old growth tropical coniferous forest. This similarity exists in selective logged lowland rainforest and old-growth lowland rainforest, as well as among landscape types of montane rainforest. The functional groups with the same successional status had similar patterns of species richness and stem abundance ratios among different landscape types. The variation patterns of functional groups along the successional stages in terms of species richness and stem abundance among the tropical lowland rainforest landscape types were more similar to each other than those in the tropical montane rainforest landscape types. This study provides further support for the competition-colonization tradeoff and

关键词： forest landscape types functional groups Hainan Island recovery dynamics spatial variation species diversity stem abundance tropical forests,

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Variation in the distribution of wintering anchovy Engraulis japonicus and its relationship with water temperature in the central and southern Yellow Sea

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2017年第5期35卷 1134-1143页

作者：牛明香王俊 Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Key laboratory of sustainable development of Marine Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture Shandong Provincial Key laboratory of Fishery Resources and Ecological Environment (SFREE) laboratory for Marine ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

In the present study,we investigated a shift in the spatial distribution of wintering anchovy(Engraulis japonicus)and its relationship with water temperature,using data collected by bottom trawl surveys and remote sensing in the central and southern Yellow Sea,during 2000–*** results indicate that the latitudinal distribution of wintering anchovy varied between years,but there was no consistent pattern in the direction of change(north or south).Wintering anchovy did not move northward with increasing water ***,the latitudinal distribution of wintering anchovy correlated well with 10°C and 11°C *** results of both a one-step and a two-step generalized additive model indicated that water temperature was associated with both presence and biomass of wintering *** paper is the fi rst to systematically examine the relationship between anchovy distribution and water temperature using a variety of *** the fi ndings confi rm the impact of water temperature on wintering anchovy distribution,which has important implications for the continued management of the anchovy resource and the enhancement of marine fi shery resources in the Yellow Sea,especially as the climate *** water temperature only partly explains the species distribution of anchovy,and stock characteristics also aff ect fi shery ***,other factors should be considered in future research.

关键词： spatial distribution water temperature latitudinal shift preferred isotherm generalized additive models (GAMs) Engraulisjaponicus

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Temporal and spatial responses of ecological resilience to climate change and human activities in the economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第10期15卷 1245-1268页

作者： ZHANG Shubao LEI Jun TONG Yanjun ZHANG Xiaolei LU Danni FAN Liqin DUAN Zuliang State Key laboratory of Desert and Oasis ecology/Key laboratory of Ecological Safety and sustainable development in Arid Lands Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

In the Anthropocene era,human activities have become increasingly complex and *** natural ecosystems need higher ecological resilience to ensure regional sustainable development due to rapid urbanization and industrialization as well as other intensified human activities,especially in arid and semi-arid *** the study,we chose the economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains(EBNSTM)in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China as a case *** collecting geographic data and statistical data from 2010 and 2020,we constructed an ecological resilience assessment model based on the ecosystem habitat quality(EHQ),ecosystem landscape stability(ELS),and ecosystem service value(ESV).Further,we analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ecological resilience in the EBNSTM from 2010 to 2020 by spatial autocorrelation analysis,and explored its responses to climate change and human activities using the geographically weighted regression(GWR)*** results showed that the ecological resilience of the EBNSTM was at a low level and increased from 0.2732 to 0.2773 during 2010–*** spatial autocorrelation analysis of ecological resilience exhibited a spatial heterogeneity characteristic of"high in the western region and low in the eastern region",and the spatial clustering trend was enhanced during the study ***,Gobi and rapidly urbanized areas showed low level of ecological resilience,and oasis and mountain areas exhibited high level of ecological *** factors had an important impact on ecological ***,average annual temperature and annual precipitation were the key climate factors that improved ecological resilience,while average annual evapotranspiration was the main factor that blocked ecological *** the human activity factors,the distance from the main road showed a negative correlation with ecological *** night light index and PM2.5 concentration wer

关键词： ecological resilience ecosystem habitat quality ecosystem landscape stability ecosystem service value spatial autocorrelation analysis geographically weighted regression model economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains

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pCO_2 and carbon fluxes across sea-air interface in the Changjiang Estuary and Hangzhou Bay

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2008年第3期26卷 289-295页

作者：高学鲁宋金明李学刚李宁袁华茂 Key laboratory of Marine ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071 China Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for sustainable development Chinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003 China

Partial pressure of CO2(pCO2) was investigated in the Changjiang(Yangtze River) Estuary,Hangzhou Bay and their adjacent areas during a cruise in August 2004,*** data show that pCO2 in surface waters of the studied area was higher than that in the atmosphere with only exception of a patch east of Zhoushan *** pCO2 varied from 168 to 2 264 μatm,which fell in the low range compared with those of other estuaries in the *** calculated sea-air CO2 fluxes decreased offshore and varied from -10.0 to 88.1 mmol m-2 d-1 in average of 24.4 ± 16.5 mmol m-2 *** the area studied was estimated only 2 × 104 km2,it emitted(5.9 ± 4.0) × 103 tons of carbon to the atmosphere every *** estuaries and their plumes must be further studied for better understanding the role of coastal seas playing in the global oceanic carbon cycle.

关键词： partial pressure of carbon dioxide spatial distribution sea-air exchange Changjiang Estuary Hangzhou Bay

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Parametric sensitivity analysis of precipitation and temperature based on multi-uncertainty quantification methods in the Weather Research and Forecasting model

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第5期60卷 876-898页

作者： DI ZhenHua State Key laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Institute of Land Surface System and sustainable development Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875

Sensitivity analysis(SA) has been widely used to screen out a small number of sensitive parameters for model outputs from all adjustable parameters in weather and climate models, helping to improve model predictions by tuning the parameters. However, most parametric SA studies have focused on a single SA method and a single model output evaluation function, which makes the screened sensitive parameters less comprehensive. In addition, qualitative SA methods are often used because simulations using complex weather and climate models are time-consuming. Unlike previous SA studies, this research has systematically evaluated the sensitivity of parameters that affect precipitation and temperature simulations in the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model using both qualitative and quantitative global SA methods. In the SA studies, multiple model output evaluation functions were used to conduct various SA experiments for precipitation and temperature. The results showed that five parameters(P3, P5, P7, P10, and P16) had the greatest effect on precipitation simulation results and that two parameters(P7 and P10) had the greatest effect for temperature. Using quantitative SA, the two-way interactive effect between P7 and P10 was also found to be important, especially for precipitation. The microphysics scheme had more sensitive parameters for precipitation, and P10(the multiplier for saturated soil water content) was the most sensitive parameter for both precipitation and temperature. From the ensemble simulations, preliminary results indicated that the precipitation and temperature simulation accuracies could be improved by tuning the respective sensitive parameter values, especially for simulations of moderate and heavy rain.

关键词： Multi-uncertainty quantification methods Qualitative parameters screening Quantitative sensitivity analysis Weather Research and Forecasting model

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Theoretical analysis of the limiting rate of phreatic evaporation for aeolian sandy soil in Taklimakan Desert

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第S2期53卷 119-124页

作者： HU ShunJun LEI JiaQiang XU XinWen SONG YuDong TIAN ChangYan CHEN XiaoBin LI XiuChang Key laboratory of Oasis ecology and Desert Environmental Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Institute of ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for sustainable development Chinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264000China

Phreatic evaporation is a great lose for shallow groundwater in the Taklimakan Desert. Given soil type and groundwater table, the limiting rate of phreatic evaporation is defined as the maximum of water transferred from groundwater to soil surface per unit time, which is a key parameter and control condition for phreatic evaporation model developing. The soil water characteristic curve for the aeolian sandy soil in the Taklimakan Desert was fitted with the least square method based on the formula of soil moisture characteristics curve proposed by Van Genuchten, using observed soil moisture and soil water suction data. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was determined by the instantaneous profile method in situ and the calculation formula for unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was established. According to the steady flow theory, the quasi-analytical solution of limiting rate of phreatic evaporation was derived on the basis of generalization of the formula of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. The results show that the soil moisture characteristics in the Taklimakan Desert can be well described by Van Genuchten’s formula, and the limiting rate of phreatic evaporation declines by power function with the descending of groundwater table.

关键词： aeolian sandy soil limiting rate of phreatic evaporation steady flow unsaturated hydraulic conductivity Taklimakan Desert

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Does ash dieback affect the reproductive ecology of Fraxinus excelsior L.?

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 54-69页

作者： Anna‑Katharina Eisen Lisa Buchner Barbara Fussi Susanne Jochner‑Oette Physical Geography/Landscape ecology and sustainable Ecosystem development Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt85072 EichstättGermany Bavarian Office for Forest Genetics(AWG) 83317 TeisendorfGermany

Forest tree species reproduction is a key factor in maintaining the genetic diversity of future generations and the stability of forest *** ongoing ash dieback disease could affect the reproductive ecology of Fraxinus excelsior *** have a major impact on the quantity and quality of pollen and *** this study,we investigated pollen production and viability of pollen and seeds of ash trees with different health status from 2018 to *** were collected from 105 trees(pollen production),pollen from 125 trees(pollen viability),and seeds from 53 trees(seed quality)in two seed orchards and in one floodplain forest in southern *** all parameters were examined at every site every *** average pollen production per tree was estimated at 471.2±647.9 billion pollen *** addition,we found that a high number of inflorescences did not equate to high pollen production per *** production of healthy and diseased trees did not differ significantly,although only 47%of severely diseased male trees(vs.72%for healthy trees)produced *** regards to pollen viability,the TTC test showed an average viability of 73%±17%.Overall,there was a slight tendency for diseased trees to have less viable ***,a significant difference could only be calculated for trees in the floodplain *** percentage of germinable seeds in 2018 was 38%in the floodplain forest and 57%in one of the seed *** percentage of viable seeds(TTC test)ranged from 17 to 22%in the orchards in ***-viable seeds were usually heavily infested by *** general,seed quality was not significantly different between healthy and diseased *** results indicate that ash dieback affects flower formation and pollen viability but not pollen production or seed ***,the fact that hardly any flowering was observed,especially for trees that were seriously affected,suggests a negative effect of ash dieback on reproductive per

关键词： Common ash Seed orchard Floodplain forest Pollen production Viability TTC test Seed stratification Phenology

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Source of propagules of the fouling green macroalgae in the Subei Shoal,China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第4期37卷 102-108页

作者： SONG Wei JIANG Meijie WANG Zongling WANG Hongping ZHANG Xuelei FU Mingzhu Key laboratory of Science and Engineering for Marine ecology and Environment The First Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration laboratory of Marine ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Hunan Provincial Key laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth development Hunan Agricultural University

Since 2007,large-scale green tides dominated by Ulva prolifera consecutively bloomed in the Yellow Sea and caused great economic *** fouling *** on the Pyropia yezoensis aquaculture rafts in the Subei Shoal was regarded as the major source of the floating ***,it was still unclear about the seed source of fouling green macroalgae attached on the *** this study,the field surveys and the indoor experiments were conducted to reveal the source of propagules of the fouling green macroalgae on the rafts and to study the anti-fouling material for *** aquaculture rafts which could possibly be a feasible strategy to control the green tides in the Yellow *** results showed that（1） micro-propagules of several green macroalgal species,including ***,***,***,***,and Blidingia *** in the waters and sediments in the Subei Shoal and their proportion remarkably changed over time;（2） the bamboo poles with peeling treatment could significantly reduce the amount of *** micro-propagules *** study confirmed that the micro-propagules distributed in the Subei Shoal area were the precursors of the green tides,and provided a feasible method to control the Yellow Sea large-scale green tides at the beginning.

关键词： green tides source of propagules Ulva prolifera anti-fouling

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