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Genetic Variability of the Mitochondrial DNA in Honeybees （Apis mellifera L.） from Benin

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2017年第8期7卷 557-566页

作者： Aude Kelomey Armand Paraiso Haziz Sina Helene Legout Adolphe Adjanohoun Lionel Gamery Lamine Baba-Moussa laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Abomey-Calavi05 P.O. Box 1604 Cotonou Benin laboratory of bees pathology Parasitology and Plant Protection (LAPPAB) University of Parakou P.O. Box 123 ParakouBenin laboratory of Evolution Genomes and Speciation (EGCE) French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS)Gif-sur- Yvette 91190 France Centre de Recherche Agricole Sud Institut National des Recherche Agricoles du Benin Attogon P.O. Box 884 Cotonou Benin

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability in bees Apis mellifera from Benin by using mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） as a molecular marker in their cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and II （COI-COI1） intergenic region. A total of 304 bee colonies were sampled in 27 municipalities of the cashew growing area of Benin. These samples were analyzed by the cleaved amplified polymorphisms technique for determining the haplotypes of subspecies present in the sampled population. Eight PCR-RFLP profiles of African lineage A were then identified in the 304 samples of bees investigated. Forty-nine percent （49%） of the samples showed the profile of haplotype A1 （subspecies adansonii of Zambia）, 40% of haplotype A4 （subspecies scutellata of South Africa） and 3% of haplotype A 19 （subspecies adansonii of Guinea）. Five other haplotypes of the African branch （A） that had been described in a previous study were also identified： new 1 （2%）, new 2 （2%）, new 3 （1%）, new 4 （2%） and new 5 （1%）. This study showed that A. rnellifera from Benin belonged only to lineage A with the predominance of haplotypes AI and A4. This study will contribute to the development of coherent policies for conservation of local bees in Benin.

关键词： Apis mellifera adansonii mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅰ and Ⅱ African lineage Benin.

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Enhanced UV-B radiation during pupal stage reduce body mass and fat content, while increasing deformities, mortality and cell death in female adults of solitary bee Osmia bicornis

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Insect Science 2015年第4期22卷 512-520页

作者： Oskar Wasielewski Tatiana Wojciechowicz Karol Giejdasz Natraj Krishnan Institute of Zoology Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS 39762 USA Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznan Poland Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS 39762 USA

The effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the oogenesis and morpho- anatomical characteristics of the European solitary red mason bee Osmia bicornis L. （Hy- menoptera： Megachilidae） were tested under laboratory conditions. Cocooned females in the pupal stage were exposed directly to different doses （0, 9.24, 12.32, and 24.64 kJ/m2/d） of artificial UV-B. Our experiments revealed that enhanced UV-B radiation can reduce body mass and fat body content, cause deformities and increase mortality. Following UV exposure at all 3 different doses, the body mass of bees was all significantly reduced compared to the control, with the highest UV dose causing the largest reduction. Similarly, following UV-B radiation, in treated groups the fat body index decreased and the fat body index was the lowest in the group receiving the highest dose of UV radiation. Mortality and morphological deformities, between untreated and exposed females varied considerably and increased with the dose of UV-B radiation. Morphological deformities were mainly manifested in the wings and mouthparts, and occurred more frequently with an increased dose of UV. Cell death was quantified by the Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） assay （DNA fragmentation） during early stages of oogenesis of O. bicornis females. The bees, after UV-B exposure exhibited more germarium ceils with fragmented DNA. The TUNEL test indicated that in germarium, low doses of UV-B poorly induced the cell death during early development. However, exposure to moderate UV-B dose increased programmed cell death. In females treated with the highest dose of UV-B the vast majority of germarium cells were TUNEL-positive.

关键词： Osmia bicornis ovary development radiation TUNEL UV-B

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