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Distribution, burial fluxes and carbon sink effect of sedimentary organic carbon in the eastern China seas

science China Earth sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3062-3082页

作者： Xuefa SHI Bin WU Shuqing QIAO Zhengquan YAO Limin HU Yazhi BAI Shan HU Jie SHENG Yanguang LIU Shengfa LIU Kunshan WANG Jianjun ZOU Key laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center Key laboratory of Deep Sea Mineral Resources Development Shandong Province (Preparatory) Key laboratory of Submarine geosciences and technology College of Marine Geosciences Ocean University of China

The ocean is the largest active carbon reservoir on Earth. Organic carbon（OC）, as the primary species of carbon sequestration in the ocean, plays an important role in the global carbon cycle through its deposition and burial. In this study,sedimentary OC data from 5796 stations, together with relevant geochemical and sedimentological parameters in the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea, and East China Sea（BYES） were used to summarize and elucidate the distribution and burial patterns of sedimentary OC, and assess carbon sink effect of sedimentary OC burial. The results show that the OC content in the sediments of the BYES ranges from 0.00% to 2.12%, with an average content of 0.47%±0.26%. OC content is significantly correlated with finegrained sediments, with an average OC content in mud areas being 39% higher than that in non-mud areas. Modern OC buried in the BYES are mainly deposited in 7 major mud areas, with a total sedimentary OC burial flux of approximately 8.20 Mt C yr–*** them, the burial flux of biospheric OC is 6.92 Mt C yr–1, equivalent to the OC consumption amount of silicate weathering of the 9 major river basins in the eastern China. In its natural state, the annually sequestered OC in the sediments of the eastern China seas is equivalent to 25.37 Mt of atmospheric CO2, indicating a significant carbon sink effect. The distribution and burial of terrigenous OC in the BYES are mainly influenced by the large river inputs and complex marine hydrodynamic environment,while human activities such as dam construction have significantly altered the OC burial in these coastal mud areas.

关键词： Sedimentary organic carbon Burial flux Carbon sink effect Carbon cycle eastern China seas

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Yolk-shell FeSe_(2)@CoSe_(2)/FeSe_(2) heterojunction as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries with high rate capability and stability

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2024年第5期172卷 185-195页

作者： Liuyang Zhang Bicheng Zhu Difa Xu Zibao Qian Ping Xie Tao Liu Jiaguo Yu laboratory of Solar Fuel Faculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China Hunan Key laboratory of applied Environmental Photocatalysis Changsha UniversityChangsha 410022China State Key laboratory of Advanced technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Sodium-ion batteries are promising candidates for large-scale grid storage systems and other *** foremost advantage derives from superior environmental credentials,enhanced safety as well as lower raw material costs than lithium-ion *** is still challenging to explore desirable anode *** this study,FeSe_(2)@CoSe_(2)/FeSe_(2),with a yolk-shell structure was prepared by ion exchange and *** FeSe_(2)@CoSe_(2)/FeSe_(2)prepared as anode material for sodiumion batteries exhibits excellent rate capability due to the synergistic effect of bimetallic selenides and the interfacial effect of the ***,it delivers high performance(510 mAh g^(-1)at 0.2 A g^(-1)),superior rate capa-bility(90%retention at 5 A g^(-1)),and good long-time cycling stability(78%capacity retention after 1800 cycles at a high current density of 2 A g^(-1)).The optimized sodiumion full cell with FeSe_(2)@CoSe_(2)/FeSe_(2)as the anode and Na 3 V 2(PO 4)3 as the cathode still demonstrates excellent ***,a ca-pacity of 272 mAh g^(-1)(at 1 A g^(-1))within the operating voltage from 1 to 3.8 V can be *** work illustrates the potential of bimetallic selenides with heterostructures for performance enhancement of sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： Cobalt-iron selenide Heterojunctions Sodium storage Anode material Full battery

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Constructing high coordination number of Ir-O-Ru bonds in IrRuO_(x)nanomeshes for highly stable acidic oxygen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5073-5079页

作者： Ge Yu Ruilong Li Yida Zhang Xingen Lin Gongming Wang Xun Hong center of Advanced Nanocatalysis(CAN) Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Synchrotron Radiation laboratory(NSRL) University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China

IrRu bimetallic oxides are recognized as the promising acidic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts,but breaking the trade-off between their activity and stability is an unresolved ***,addressing the issues of mass transport obstruction of IrRu bimetallic oxides under high current remains a challenge for the development of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEM-WE).Herein,we prepared an IrRuO_(x)nanomeshes(IrRuO_(x)NMs)with high coordination number(CN)of Ir-O-Ru bonds in a mixed molten salt with high solubility of the Ir/Ru precursor.X-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis revealed that the IrRuO_(x)NMs possess high coordination number of Ir-O-Ru bonds(CNIr-O-Ru=5.6)with a distance of 3.18Å.Moreover,the nanomesh structures of IrRuO_(x)NMs provided hierarchical channels to accelerate the transport of oxygen and water,thus further improving the electrochemical ***,the IrRuO_(x)NMs as OER catalysts can simultaneously achieve high activity and stability with low overpotential of 196 mV to reach 10 mA·cm^(−2)and slightly increase by 70 mV over 650 h *** electrochemical mass spectrometry tests suggest that the preferred OER mechanism for IrRuO_(x)NMs is the adsorbent evolution mechanism,which is beneficial for the robust structural stability.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction IrRuO_(x) Ir-O-Ru bonds two-dimensional(2D)nanomesh proton exchange membrane device mass transport

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Boosting spring runoff into the sea by reservoir regulation and its potential for estuarine fishery recovery

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science China Earth sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1591-1603页

作者： Xiao WU Houjie WANG Yongyong FAN Naishuang BI Chiyuan MIAO Jingping XU Zuosheng YANG College of Marine geosciences Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Technologyand Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth SystemOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laoshan National laboratory Qingdao 266061China Institute of the Yellow River Estuary and Coast science Dongying 257000China State Key laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Ocean science&Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

With global surge in reservoir construction over the past decades,river systems worldwide have been profoundly ***,flow manipulation by reservoirs has altered the natural hydrological processes,resulting in extensive modifications of fluvial-marine *** the adverse ecological consequences of reservoirs has become a global concern and has garnered increasing *** Yellow River,as one of the most extensively manipulated river systems globally,has experienced substantial changes in the amount and timing of water discharge due to the presence of numerous reservoirs scattered throughout its catchment *** alterations have caused physicochemical changes in the estuary and subsequent modifications to the estuarine *** recent years,the Yellow River Conservancy Committee initiated the release of water through the Xiaolangdi Dam during the major spawning period of fisheries,specifically in the spring,with the aim of improving the estuarine ecological *** 2011 to 2020,a total of 84.05 km^(3)of water was discharged from the Xiaolangdi Reservoir during spring seasons,of which 40%(33.16 km^(3))constituted water impounded within the reservoir during preceding ***,the spring water discharge from the Yellow River to the sea increased significantly from 1.50 km^(3)/yr to 3.46 km^(3)/yr in the past decade,leading to a decrease in estuarine salinity by 1.6 *** estuarine fishery resources,such as fish eggs in the Yellow River estuary,have demonstrated evident *** reservoir regulation in the Yellow River,which has successfully enhanced spring water discharge and subsequently restored estuarine fishery resources,presents an effective attempt for mitigating the adverse ecological effects associated with reservoirs.

关键词： Reservoir regulation water release Spring runoff Estuarine ecosystem Yellow River

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Inversion of Seabed Geotechnical Properties in the Arctic Chukchi Deep Sea Basin Based on Time Domain Adaptive Search Matching Algorithm

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 933-942页

作者： AN Long XU Chong XING Junhui GONG Wei JIANG Xiaodian XU Haowei LIU Chuang YANG Boxue Jiangsu Automation Research Institute Lianyungang 222061China Key laboratory of Submarine geosciences and Prospecting Techniques MOE and College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266071China

The chirp sub-bottom profiler,for its high resolution,easy accessibility and cost-effectiveness,has been widely used in acoustic *** this paper,the acoustic impedance and grain size compositions were obtained based on the chirp sub-bottom profiler data collected in the Chukchi Plateau area during the 11th Arctic Expedition of *** time-domain adaptive search matching algorithm was used and validated on our established theoretical *** misfit between the inversion result and the theoretical model is less than 0.067%.The grain size was calculated according to the empirical relationship between the acoustic impedance and the grain size of the *** average acoustic impedance of sub-seafloor strata is 2.5026×10^(6) kg(s m^(2))^(-1)and the average grain size(θvalue)of the seafloor surface sediment is 7.1498,indicating the predominant occurrence of very fine silt sediment in the study *** of the inversion results and the laboratory measurements of nearby borehole samples shows that they are in general agreement.

关键词： time domain adaptive search matching algorithm acoustic impedance inversion sedimentary grain size Arctic Ocean Chukchi Deep Sea Basin

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Sequential reactant water management by complementary multisite catalysts for surpassing platinum hydrogen evolution activity

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1232-1241页

作者： Yu Lin Defang Ding Shicheng Zhu Qunlei Wen Huangjingwei Li Zhen Li Youwen Liu Yi Shen China Engineering Research center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China State Key laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould technology and School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a near-zero-emission approach to advance hydrogen ***,the activity limited by the multiple reaction steps involving H_(2)O molecules transfer,absorption,and activation still unqualified the thresholds of economic ***,we proposed a multisite complementary strategy that incorporates hydrophilic Mo and electrophilic V into Ni-based catalysts to divide the distinct steps on atomically dispersive sites and thus realize sequential regulation of the HER *** Isotopic labeled in situ Raman spectroscopy describes 4-coordinated hydrogen bonded H_(2)O to be free H_(2)O passing the inner Helmholtz plane in the vicinity of the catalysts under the action of hydrophilic Mo ***,potential-dependent electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)reveals that electrophilic V sites with abundant 3d empty orbitals could activate the lone-pair electrons in the free H_(2)O molecules to produce more protic hydrogen,and dimerize into H_(2) at the Ni *** the sequential management of reactive H_(2)O molecules,NiMoV oxides multisite catalysts surpass Pt/C hydrogen evolution activity(49 mV@10 mA∙cm^(-2) over 140 h).Profoundly,this study provides a tangible model to deepen the comprehension of the catalyst–electrolyte interface and create efficient catalysts for diverse reactions.

关键词： hydrogen evolution activity complementary multisite catalysts sequential reactive water management interfacial water molecules

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Exploring the Interplay between Local Chain Structure and Stress Distribution in Polymer Networks

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2024年第6期42卷 874-885页

作者： Jin-Tong Xue Yang Bai Li Peng Xian-Bo Huang Zhao-Yan Sun School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China State Key laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China National-certified Enterprise technology center Kingfa Science and Technology Co.Ltd.Guangzhou510663China

The mechanical behavior of polymer networks is intrinsically correlated with the local chain topology and chain *** this study,we delve into this relationship through the lens of coarse-grained molecular dynamics(CG-MD)*** aim is to illuminate the intricate interplay between local topology and stress distribution within polymer monomers,cross-linkers,and various components with distinct cross-link connections,thereby elucidating their collective impact on the mechanical properties of polymer *** mainly focus on how specific local structures contribute to the overall mechanical response of the *** particular,we employ local stress analysis to unravel the mechanics of these *** findings reveal the diverse responses of individual components,such as junctions,strands,cross-linkers between junctions,and dangling chain ends,when subjected to ***,we observe that these components exhibit varying degrees of deformation tolerance,underscoring the significance of their roles in determining the mechanical characteristics of the *** investigations highlight junctions as primary contributors to stress accumulation,and particles with higher local stress showing a stronger correlation between stress and Voronoi ***,our results indicate that both strands and cross-linkers between junctions exhibit heightened stress levels as strand lengths *** study enhances our understanding of the multifaceted factors governing the mechanical attributes of cross-linked polymer systems at the microstructural level.

关键词： Local chain structure Local stress Molecular dynamics simulation

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Atomically dispersed Ni electrocatalyst for superior urea-assisted water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 1-6,I0002页

作者： Fang Luo Shuyuan Pan Yuhua Xie Chen Li Yingjie Yu Zehui Yang College of Materials science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials&Advanced Processing TechnologyWuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China Hubei Hydrogen Energy technology Innovation center Faculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074HubeiChina

Urea oxidation reaction(UOR) has been selected as substitution for oxygen evolution reaction ascribing to its low thermodynamic voltage as well as utilization of nickel as ***,we report the formation of nickel single atoms(Ni-SAs) as exceptional bifunctional electrocatalyst toward UOR and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) in urea-assisted water *** UOR catalysis,Ni-SAs perform a superior catalytic performance than Ni-NP/NC and Pt/C ascribing to the formation of HOO-Ni-N_(4) structure evidenced by in-situ Raman spectroscopy,corresponding to a boosted mass activity by 175-fold at 1.4 V *** than Ni-NP/***,Ni-SAs requires only 450 mV overpotential to obtain HER current density of 500 mA cm^(-2).136 mA cm^(-2) is achieved in urea-assisted water splitting at1.7 V for Ni-SAs,boosted by 5.7 times than Pt/C-IrO_(2) driven water splitting.

关键词： Urea oxidation reaction Hydrogen evolution reaction Nickel single atoms water splitting

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Microbial Sulfate Reduction and Its Role in Carbon Sequestration in Marine Sediments

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Journal of Earth science 2024年第4期35卷 1378-1381页

作者： Xiting Liu Houjie Wang Jiarui Liu Guang-Chao Zhuang Key laboratory of Submarine geosciences and Prospecting technology College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Qingdao Marine science and technology center Laboratory for Marine GeologyQingdao266237China Department of Earth Planetaryand Space SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles90095USA Frontiers science center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System(FDOMES)and Key laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and technology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao266100China

0 INTRODUCTION The carbon buried in marine sediments in the form of organic carbon or carbonate minerals represents the largest pathway for carbon removal from Earth's surface environments(Sun and Turchyn,2014).Microbial sulfate reduction(MSR)is a fundamental biogeochemical process occurring in marine sediments,where sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB)reduce sulfate(SO42-)to sulfide(S2-)using organic matter or methane as electron donors(Jorgensen,2021).

关键词： buried carbonate environments

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Method for rapid warning and activity concentration estimates in online waterγ-spectrometry systems

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 1-12页

作者： Meng Wang Yi Gu Mao-Lin Xiong Liang-Quan Ge Qing-Xian Zhang Guo-Qiang Zeng Heng Lu Sheng-Liang Guo College of Nuclear technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China applied Nuclear technology in geosciences Key laboratory of Sichuan Province (Chengdu University of Technology)Chengdu 610059China Chengdu New Ray technology Co.Ltd Chengdu 610052China

Onlineγ-spectrometry systems for inland waters,most of which extract samples in situ and in real time,are able to produce reliable activity concentration measurements for waterborne radionuclides only when they are distributed relatively uniformly and enter into a steady-state diffusion regime in the measurement *** protect residents’health and ensure the safety of the living environment,better timeliness is required for this measurement *** address this issue,this study established a mathematical model of the online waterγ-spectrometry system so that rapid warning and activity estimates can be obtained for water under non-steady-state(NSS)*** addition,the detection efficiency of the detector for radionuclides during the NSS diffusion process was determined by applying the computational fluid dynamics technique in conjunction with Monte Carlo *** this basis,a method was developed that allowed the online waterγ-spectrometry system to provide rapid warning and activity concentration estimates for radionuclides in *** analysis of the NSS-mode measurements of^(40)K radioactive solutions with different activity concentrations determined the optimum warning threshold and measurement time for producing accurate activity concentration estimates for *** experimental results show that the proposed NSS measurement method is able to give warning and yield accurate activity concentration estimates for radionuclides 55.42 and 69.42 min after the entry of a 10 Bq/L^(40)K radioactive solution into the measurement chamber,*** times are much shorter than the 90 min required by the conventional measurement ***,the NSS measurement method allows the measurement system to give rapid(within approximately 15 min)warning when the activity concentrations of some radionuclides reach their respective limits stipulated in the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality of the WHO,suggesting that this method con

关键词： water radioactivity monitoring Dynamic detection efficiency Rapid warning Activity estimation

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