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The Perspective of deep-sea Science Research and the Establishment of Modern Hydrothermal Laboratories in China

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地质学报 2013年第S1期 3-4页

作者： I-Ming CHOU laboratory for experimental study under deep-sea extreme conditions Sanya Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences

In addition to the outer space, sea floor is another frontier for current and future human explorations. The successful dive of manned submersible Jiaolong at the depth of 7062 m last summer(Cui et al., 2013) was one ...

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An efficient and accurate numerical method for simulating close-range blast loads of cylindrical charges based on neural network

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 257-271页

作者： Ting Liu Changhai Chen Han Li Yaowen Yu Yuansheng Cheng School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Hubei Key laboratory of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Hydrodynamics Wuhan 430074China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and deep-sea Exploration Shanghai 200240China

To address the problems of low accuracy by the CONWEP model and poor efficiency by the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)method in predicting close-range air blast loads of cylindrical charges,a neural network-based simulation(NNS)method with higher accuracy and better efficiency was *** NNS method consisted of three main ***,the parameters of blast loads,including the peak pressures and impulses of cylindrical charges with different aspect ratios(L/D)at different stand-off distances and incident angles were obtained by two-dimensional numerical ***,incident shape factors of cylindrical charges with arbitrary aspect ratios were predicted by a neural ***,reflected shape factors were derived and implemented into the subroutine of the ABAQUS code to modify the CONWEP model,including modifications of impulse and *** reliability of the proposed NNS method was verified by related experimental *** accuracy improvement was acquired by the proposed NNS method compared with the unmodified CONWEP ***,huge efficiency superiority was obtained by the proposed NNS method compared with the CEL *** proposed NNS method showed good accuracy when the scaled distance was greater than 0.2 m/kg^(1/3).It should be noted that there is no need to generate a new dataset again since the blast loads satisfy the similarity law,and the proposed NNS method can be directly used to simulate the blast loads generated by different cylindrical *** proposed NNS method with high efficiency and accuracy can be used as an effective method to analyze the dynamic response of structures under blast loads,and it has significant application prospects in designing protective structures.

关键词： Close-range air blast load Cylindrical charge Numerical method Neural network CEL method CONWEP model

Oldhamite:a new link in upper mantle for C-O-S-Ca cycles and an indicator for planetary habitability

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National Science Review 2023年第10期10卷 44-53页

作者： Yuegao Liu I-Ming Chou Jiangzhi Chen Nanping Wu Wenyuan Li Leon Bagas Minghua Ren Zairong Liu Shenghua Mei Liping Wang CAS Key laboratory for experimental study under deep-sea extreme conditions Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Hainan deep-sea Technology Innovation Center Xi'an Center of Geological Survey China Geological Survey Department of Geoscience University of Nevada Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and Technology

In the solar system,oldhamite（CaS） is generally considered to be formed by the condensation of solar nebula *** chondrites,one of the most important repositories of oldhamite,are believed to be representative of the material that formed ***,the formation mechanism and the evolution process of oldhamite are of great significance to the deep understanding of the solar nebula,meteorites,the origin of Earth,and the C-O-S-Ca cycles of *** now,oldhamite has not been reported to occur in mantle ***,here we show the formation of oldhamite through the reaction between sulfide-bearing orthopyroxenite and molten CaCO3at 1.5 GPa/1510 K,0.5 GPa/1320 K,and 0.3 GPa/1273 ***,this reaction occurs at oxygen fugacities within the range of upper-mantle conditions,six orders of magnitude higher than that of the solar nebula *** is easily oxidized to CaSO4or hydrolysed to produce calcium *** oxygen fugacity of magma,extremely low oxygen content of the atmosphere,and the lack of a large amount of liquid water on the celestial body' s surface are necessary for the widespread existence of oldhamite on the surface of a celestial body otherwise,anhydrite or gypsum will exist in large *** may exist in the upper mantle beneath mid-ocean ***,oldhamites may have been a contributing factor to the early Earth's atmospheric hypoxia environment,and the transient existence of oldhamites during the interaction between reducing sulfur-bearing magma and carbonate could have had an impact on the changes in atmospheric composition during the Permian-Triassic Boundary.

关键词： oldhamite middle-ocean ridge large igneous province Great Oxidation Event oxygen fugacity

Integration of a fused silica capillary and in-situ Raman spectroscopy for investigating CO_(2) solubility in n-dodecane at near-critical and supercritical conditions of CO_(2)

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Petroleum Science 2022年第6期19卷 3124-3133页

作者： Jun-Liang Wang Zi-Hao Song Lin-Jun Li Li-Li Yang Quan-Yuan Wang I-Ming Chou Zhi-Yan Pan College of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhouZhejiang310032China Hangzhou Academy of Environmental Protection HangzhouZhejiang310032China laboratory for experimental study under deep-sea extreme conditions Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaHainan572000China

To determine the solubility of CO_(2)in n-dodecane at T=303.15-353.15 K,P≤11.00 MPa,an integrated fused silica capillary and in-situ Raman spectroscopy system was *** Raman peak intensity ratio(I_(CO_(2))/IC-H)between the upper band of CO_(2)Fermi diad(I_(CO_(2)))and the C-H stretching band of n-dodecane(IC-H)was employed to determine the solubility of CO_(2)in n-dodecane based on the calibrated correlation equation between the known CO_(2)molality in n-dodecane and the I_(CO_(2))/IC-Hratio with R^(2)=*** results indicated that the solubility of CO_(2)decreased with increasing temperature and increased with increasing *** maximum CO_(2)molality(30.7314 mol/kg)was obtained at 303.15 K and7.00 ***,a solubility prediction model(lnS=(P-A)/B)based on the relationship with temperature(T in K)and pressure(P in MPa)was developed,where S is CO_(2)molality,A=-8×10^(-6)T^(2)+0.0354T-8.1605,and B=*** results indicated that the solubilities of CO_(2)derived from this model were in good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： CO_(2)solubility n-dodecane Raman spectroscopy Fused silica capillary In-situ

In situ study of calcite-Ⅲ dimorphism using dynamic diamond anvil cell

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第9期31卷 421-427页

作者： Xia Zhao Sheng-Hua Mei Zhi Zheng Yue Gao Jiang-Zhi Chen Yue-Gao Liu Jian-Guo Sun Yan Li Jian-Hui Sun CAS Key laboratory for experimental study under deep-sea extreme conditions Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Sanya 572000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore(NUS)Singapore 117575Singapore

The phase transitions among the high-pressure polymorphic forms of CaCO_(3)(cc-Ⅰ,cc-Ⅱ,cc-Ⅲ,and cc-Ⅲb)are investigated by dynamic diamond anvil cell(dDAC)and in situ Raman *** are carried out at room temperature and high pressures up to 12.8 GPa with the pressurizing rate varying from 0.006 GPa/s to 0.056 GPa/*** situ observation shows that with the increase of pressure,calcite transforms from cc-Ⅰto cc-Ⅱat~1.5 GPa and from cc-Ⅱto cc-Ⅲat~2.5 GPa,and transitions are independent of the pressurizing ***,as the pressure continues to increase,the cc-Ⅲb begins to appear and coexists with cc-Ⅲwithin a pressure range that is inversely proportional to the pressurizing *** the pressurizing rates of 0.006,0.012,0.021,and 0.056 GPa/s,the coexistence pressure ranges of cc-Ⅲand cc-Ⅲb are 2.8 GPa-9.8 GPa,3.1 GPa-6.9 GPa,2.7 GPa-6.0 GPa,and 2.8 GPa-4.5 GPa,*** dependence of the coexistence on the pressurizing rate may result from the influence of pressurizing rate on the activation process of transition by reducing the energy *** higher the pressurizing rate,the lower the energy barrier is,and the easier it is to pull the system out of the coexistence *** results of this in situ study provide new insights into the understanding of the phase transition of calcite.

关键词： calcite-Ⅲ dimorphism dynamic diamond anvil cell in situ Raman spectroscopy pressurizing rate

In Situ Measurements of the Raman Shifts for ν1 Symmetric Stretching Band of CH4 Between-180 and 350°C with Densities up to 0.45 g/cm3 in Optical Cells with Fused Silica Windows

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地质学报 2013年第S1期 333-334页

作者： SHANG Linbo I-Ming CHOU HU Ruizhong BI Xianwu State Key laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences laboratory for experimental study under deep-sea extreme conditions Sanya Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences

ThepeakpositionsoftheCH4 Ramanν1symmetricstretchingbandhavebeendeterminedat temperaturesbetween-180and350 oCwithdensities up to 0.45 g/cm3 in a high-pressure optical cell (HPOC;Chou et al., 2005) and a fused silica c...

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Contribution of trimethylamine N-oxide on the growth and pressure tolerance of deep-sea bacteria

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第1期37卷 210-222页

作者： YIN Qunjian ZHANG Weijia LI Xuegong ZHOU Lihong QI Xiaoqing ZHANG Chan WU Long-Fei laboratory of deep-sea Microbial Cell Biology Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences International Associated laboratory of Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms CNRS-Marseille/CAS-Beijing-Qingdao-Sanya CAS Key laboratory for experimental study under deep-sea extreme conditions Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences AMU LCB UMR 7283 CNRS-Marseille

Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO) is widely dispersed in marine environments and plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen. Diverse marine bacteria utilize TMAO as carbon and nitrogen sources or as electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration. Alteration of respiratory component according to the pressure is a common trait of deep-sea bacteria. deep-sea bacteria from dif ferent genera harbor high hydrostatic pressure(HHP) inducible TMAO reductases that are assumed to be constitutively expressed in the deep-sea piezosphere and facilitating quick reaction to TMAO released from ?sh which is a potential nutrient for bacterial growth. However, whether deep-sea bacteria universally employ this strategy remains unknown. In this study, 237 bacterial strains affliated to 23 genera of Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were isolated from seawater, sediment or amphipods collected at dif ferent depths. The pressure tolerance and the utilization of TMAO were examined in 74 strains. The results demonstrated no apparent correlation between the depth where the bacteria inhabit and their pressure tolerance, regarding to our samples. Several deep-sea strains from the genera of Alteromonas, Halomonas,Marinobacter, Photobacterium, and Vibrio showed capacity of TMAO utilization, but none of the isolated Acinebacter, Bacillus, Brevundimonas, Muricauda, Novosphingobium, Rheinheimera, Sphingobium and Stenotrophomonas did, indicating the utilization of TMAO is a species-speci?c feature. Furthermore, we noticed that the ability of TMAO utilization varied among strains of the same species. TMAO has greater impact on the growth of deep-sea isolates of Vibrio neocaledonicus than shallow-water isolates. Taken together, the results describe for the ?rst time the TMAO utilization in deep-sea bacterial strains, and expand our understanding of the physiological characteristic of marine bacteria.

关键词： marine bacteria Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO) high hydrostatic pressure(HHP) pressure tolerance phenotype

In situ observations and quantitative Raman spectroscopic analyses of samples in high-pressure optical cells in hydrothermal experiments

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Science Bulletin 2021年第19期66卷 1933-1935,M0003页

作者： I-Ming Chou Key Lab of experimental study under deep-sea extreme conditions Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanya 572000China

In 2011,through in situ Raman spectroscopic analyses of samples in a high-pressure optical cell(HPOC),called"hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell"(HDAC)[1]the■was recognized as a stable trisulfur radical ion in geological fluids at elevated temperatures(T)and pressures(P)[2].Later,the stability and abundance of this■ion in hydrothermal fluids were further investigated by using another type of HPOC called"fused silica capillary capsule"[3]together with Raman spectroscopy[4].

关键词：实验样品高压腔 fused

Synthesis of Polycrystalline Diamond Compact with Selenium:Discovery of a New Se–C Compound

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Chinese Physics Letters 2020年第5期37卷 102-105页

作者： Wen-Dan Wang Ao Li Guo-Heng Xu Pei Wang Yue-Gao Liu Li-Ping Wang School of Physical Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversitChengdu 610031 Materials Research Center Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Acadermy of SciencesLanzhou 730000 Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech)Shenzhen 518055 CAS Key laboratory for experimental study under deep-sea extreme conditions Institute of Deep-Sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanya 572000

Sintering of polycrystalline diamond with selenium was investigated under pressure of 6.5-10.5 GPa at a constant temperature of 1850℃.A new carbon-selenium compound with a most plausible chemical formula of SeC and a WC-type hexagonal structure(space group P6m2)has been discovered in the recovered samples sintered at 10.5 GPa and 1850℃.Refined lattice parameters are as follows:a=2.9277(4)A,c=2.8620(4)A,V=21.245(4)A^*** diamond compacts hot-pressed at 10.5 GPa have excellent mechanical properties with a Vickers hardness of about 68 GPa at a loading force of 19.6 *** intergrowths observed in these samples may have benefited from the catalytic effects of Se/SeC on the nucleation and crystal growth of diamond.

关键词： Diamond hexagonal Vickers