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Description of martensitic transformation kinetics in Fe-C-X(X = Ni,Cr,Mn,Si) system by a modified model

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1026-1036页

作者： Xiyuan Geng Hongcan Chen Jingjing Wang Yu Zhang Qun Luo Qian Li State Key laboratory of advanced Special steels&Shanghai Key laboratory of advanced Ferrometallurgy&School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Ansteel Beijing research Institute Co. LtdBeijing 102211China National Engineering research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National Key laboratory of advanced Casting Technologies Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Controlling the content of athermal martensite and retained austenite is important to improving the mechanical properties of high-strength steels,but a mechanism for the accurate description of martensitic transformation during the cooling process must be *** present,frequently used semi-empirical kinetics models suffer from huge errors at the beginning of transformation,and most of them fail to exhibit the sigmoidal shape characteristic of transformation *** describe the martensitic transformation process accurately,based on the Magee model,we introduced the changes in the nucleation activation energy of martensite with temperature,which led to the varying nucleation rates of this model during martensitic *** to the calculation results,the relative error of the modified model for the martensitic transformation kinetics curves of Fe-C-X(X = Ni,Cr,Mn,Si) alloys reached 9.5% compared with those measured via the thermal expansion *** relative error was approximately reduced by two-thirds compared with that of the Magee *** incorporation of nucleation activation energy into the kinetics model contributes to the improvement of its precision.

关键词： Fe-C-X system martensitic transformation kinetics curve semi-empirical model nucleation activation energy

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Temperature-jump tensile tests to induce optimized TRIP/TWIP effect in a metastable austenitic stainless steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 2025-2036页

作者： Mohammad Javad Sohrabi Hamed Mirzadeh Saeed Sadeghpour Abdol Reza Geranmayeh Reza Mahmudi School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Tehran14395-515TehranIran Centre for advanced steels research Materials and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Oulu90014 OuluFinland

In the present work,plastic deformation mechanisms were initially tailored by adjusting the deformation temperature in the range of 0 to 200℃ in AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel,aiming to optimize the strength-ductility *** was shown that the combined twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP)/transformation-induced plasticity(TRIP)effects and a wider strain range for the TRIP effect up to higher strains by adjusting the deformation temperature are good strategies to improve the strength-ductility synergy of this metastable stainless *** this regard,by consideration of the observed temperature-dependency of plastic deformation,the controlled sequence of TWIP and TRIP effects for archiving superior strength-ductility trade-off was intended by the pre-designed temperature jump tensile ***,the optimum tensile toughness of 846 MJ/m^(3) and total elongation to 133% were obtained by this strategy via exploiting the advantages of the TWIP effect at 100℃ and the TRIP effect at 25℃ at the later stages of the ***,a deformation-temperature-transformation(DTT)diagram was developed for this metastable ***,based on work-hardening analysis,it was found that the main phenomenon constraining further improvement in the ductility and strengthening was the yielding of the deformation-induced α′-martensite.

关键词： metastable stainless steels transformation-induced plasticity twinning-induced plasticity stacking fault energy mechanical properties

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Prediction of the thermal conductivity of Mg–Al–La alloys by CALPHAD method

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 129-137页

作者： Hongxia Li Wenjun Xu Yufei Zhang Shenglan Yang Lijun Zhang Bin Liu Qun Luo Qian Li State Key laboratory of advanced Special steels&Shanghai Key laboratory of advanced Ferrometallurgy&School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China National Engineering research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China State Key laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National Key laboratory of advanced Casting Technologies Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Mg-Al alloys have excellent strength and ductility but relatively low thermal conductivity due to Al *** accurate prediction of thermal conductivity is a prerequisite for designing Mg-Al alloys with high thermal ***,databases for predicting temperature-and composition-dependent thermal conductivities must be *** this study,Mg-Al-La alloys with different contents of Al2La,Al3La,and Al11La3phases and solid solubility of Al in the α-Mg phase were *** influence of the second phase(s) and Al solid solubility on thermal conductivity was *** results revealed a second phase transformation from Al_(2)La to Al_(3)La and further to Al_(11)La_(3)with the increasing Al content at a constant La *** degree of the negative effect of the second phase(s) on thermal diffusivity followed the sequence of Al2La>Al3La>Al_(11)La_(3).Compared with the second phase,an increase in the solid solubility of Al in α-Mg remarkably reduced the thermal *** the basis of the experimental data,a database of the reciprocal thermal diffusivity of the Mg-Al-La system was established by calculation of the phase diagram (CALPHAD)*** a standard error of±1.2 W/(m·K),the predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental *** established database can be used to design Mg-Al alloys with high thermal conductivity and provide valuable guidance for expanding their application prospects.

关键词： magnesium alloy thermal conductivity thermodynamic calculations materials computation

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Microstructure recognition of steels by machine learning based on visual attention mechanism

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2024年第4期31卷 909-923页

作者： Xing-yu Chen Lin Cheng Cheng-yang Hu Yu-peng Zhang Kai-ming Wu The State Key laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science on Metallurgical ProcessingInternational Research Institute for Steel TechnologyCollaborative Center on Advanced SteelsWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Metals Valley and Band(Foshan)Metallic Composite Materials Co. Ltd.Foshan 528000GuangdongChina

U-Net has achieved good performance with the small-scale datasets through skip connections to merge the features of the low-level layers and high-level layers and has been widely utilized in biomedical image segmentation as well as recent microstructure image segregation of the *** representative visual attention mechanism modules,named as squeeze-and-excitation networks,convolutional block attention module,and extended calibration algorithm,were intro-duced into the traditional U-Net architecture to further improve the prediction *** is found that compared with the original U-Net architecture,the evaluation index of the improved U-Net architecture has been significantly improved for the microstructure segmentation of the steels with the ferrite/martensite composite microstructure and pearlite/ferrite composite microstructure and the complex martensite/austenite island/bainite microstructure,which demonstrates the advantages of the utilization of the visual attention mechanism in the microstructure *** reasons for the accuracy improvement were discussed based on the feature maps analysis.

关键词： Microstructure recognition-Steel Machine learning Visual attention mechanism Visualization

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Uncovering Microstructure-Property Relationship in Ni-Alloyed Fe-Mn-Al-C Low-Density Steel Treated by Hot-Rolling and Air-Cooling Process

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第4期37卷 713-725页

作者： Xiaoliang Jia Guhui Gao Xiaolu Gui Chun Feng R.D.K.Misra Bingzhe Bai School of Mechanical Electronicand Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China CNPC Tubular Goods research Institute Xi’an710077China laboratory for excellence in advanced Steel research University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX79968-0521USA School of Material Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

This paper focuses on the relationship between the microstructure and tensile properties of Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density high-strength steel processes by hot-rolling and air-cooling process. The microstructure analysis reveals that the combination of hot-rolling and air-cooling results in the formation of heterogeneous structures comprising different-sized γ and B_(2) phases in the low-density steel with the addition of nickel (Ni). The addition of Ni promotes the formation of the B_(2) phase and induces the pinning of B_(2) phase particles at the γ grain boundaries. This pinning effect effectively hinders the growth of the γ grains, leading to grain refinement. The tensile test results demonstrate that LDS-5Ni (low-density steel, LDS) exhibits excellent high strength and ductility combination, e.g., a tensile strength of 1535 MPa, yield strength of 1482 MPa, and elongation of 23.3%. These remarkable mechanical properties are primarily attributed to the combined strengthening contributions of grain refinement and duplex nano-sized second-phase precipitation hardening.

关键词： Low-density steel Microstructure B_(2)phase κ-Carbide Tensile properties

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Interplay between temperature-dependent strengthening mechanisms and mechanical stability in high-performance austenitic stainless steels

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第10期31卷 2182-2188页

作者： Mohammad Javad Sohrabi Hamed Mirzadeh Saeed Sadeghpour Milad Zolfipour Aghdam Abdol Reza Geranmayeh Reza Mahmudi School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Tehran14395-515 TehranIran Centre for advanced steels research Materials and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Oulu90014 OuluFinland Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Tehran14395-515 TehranIran

The effects of deformation temperature on the transformation-induced plasticity(TRIP)-aided 304L,twinning-induced plasti-city(TWIP)-assisted 316L,and highly alloyed stable 904L austenitic stainless steels were compared for the first time to tune the mechan-ical properties,strengthening mechanisms,and strength-ductility *** this purpose,the scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD),X-ray diffraction(XRD),tensile testing,work-hardening analysis,and thermodynamics calcu-lations were *** induced plasticity effects led to a high temperature-dependency of work-hardening behavior in the 304L and 316L stainless *** the deformation temperature increased,the metastable 304L stainless steel showed the sequence of TRIP,TWIP,and weakening of the induced plasticity mechanism;while the disappearance of the TWIP effect in the 316L stainless steel was also ***,the solid-solution strengthening in the 904L superaustenitic stainless steel maintained the tensile properties over a wide temper-ature range,surpassing the performance of 304L and 316L stainless *** this regard,the dependency of the total elongation on the de-formation temperature was less pronounced for the 904L alloy due to the absence of additional plasticity *** results re-vealed the importance of solid-solution strengthening and the associated high friction stress for superior mechanical behavior over a wide temperature range.

关键词： austenitic stainless steels mechanical behavior stacking fault energy metastability mechanical twinning

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Nitrogen-doping boosts *CO utilization and H2O activation on copper for improving CO2 reduction to C2+ products

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第9期9卷 1459-1465页

作者： Yisen Yang Zhonghao Tan Jianling Zhang Jie Yang Renjie Zhang Sha Wang Yi Song Zhuizhui Su Beijing National laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

To improve the electrocatalytic transformation of carbon dioxide （CO2） to multi-carbon (C2+) products is of great *** we developed a nitrogen-doped Cu catalyst,by which the maximum C2+Faradaic efficiency can reach 72.7%in flow-cell system,with the partial current density reaching 0.62 A *** in situ Raman spectra demonstrate that the *CO adsorption can be strengthened on such a N-doped Cu catalyst,thus promoting the*CO utilization in the subsequent C–C coupling ***,the water activation can be well enhanced by N doping on Cu *** to the synergistic effects,the selectivity and activity for C2+products over the N-deoped Cu catalyst are much improved.

关键词： Electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction Copper catalyst Doping Multi-carbon products In situ Raman measurement

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High-temperature stability of retained austenite and plastic deformation mechanism of ultra-fine bainitic steel isothermally treated below Ms

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2024年第8期31卷 2014-2030页

作者： Ting-ting He Feng Hu Kun Wang Wen Zhou Li Li Serhii Yershov Kai-ming Wu The State Key laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Collaborative Innovation Center for advanced steels Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Zhejiang Tsingshan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd.Qingtian 323903ZhejiangChina

The mechanical properties of the sample and the stability of retained austenite were studied by designing two kinds of ultra-fine bainitic steel with different heat treatment methods austempering above and below Ms(martensite start tem-perature),which were subjected to tensile tests at 20 and 450℃,*** results show that compared to room temperature(20℃)tensile properties,the uniform elongation of the sample at high temperature(450℃)significantly ***,the uniform elongation of the sample austempered above Ms decreased from 8.0%to 3.5%,and the sample austempered below Ms decreased from 10.9%to 3.1%.Additionally,the tensile strength of the sample austempered above Ms significantly decreased(from 1281 to 912 MPa),and the sample austempered below Ms slightly decreased(from 1010 to 974 MPa).This was due to the high carbon content(1.60 wt.%),high mechanical stability,low thermal stability for the retained austenite of the sample austempered below ***,the retained austenite decomposed at high temper-atures,the carbon content and transformation driving force were significantly reduced,the transformation rate increased,and the phase transformation content reduced.

关键词： Ultra-fine bainite Isothermal treatment High-temperature tensile property Retained austenite stability Plastic deformation

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Bias distribution and regulation in photoelectrochemical overall water-splitting cells

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 141-150页

作者： Kun Dang Siqin Liu Lei Wu Daojian Tang Jing Xue Jiaming Wang Hongwei Ji Chuncheng Chen Yuchao Zhang Jincai Zhao Key laboratory of Photochemistry CAS ResearchEducation Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The water oxidation half-reaction at anodes is always considered the rate-limiting step of overall water splitting（OWS）,but the actual bias distribution between photoanodes and cathodes of photoelectro chemical（PEC） OWS cells has not been investigated *** this work,we find that,for PEC cells consisting of photoanodes（nickel-modified n-Si [Ni/n-Si] and α-Fe2O3） with low photovoltage(Vph 1V,the bias required for cathode activation can be significantly reduced,exhibiting a kinetics-controlled *** investigations show that the bias distribution can be regulated by tuning the electrolyte pH and using alternative half-reaction ***,a volcano plot is presented for the rational design of the overall reactions and unbiased PEC *** by this,an unbiased PEC cell consisting of a simple Ni/n-Si photoanode and Pt cathode is assembled,delivering a photo current density of 5.3±0.2 mA cm-2.

关键词： photoelectrochemistry overall reaction cell bias distribution photoanode water splitting

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Structure-regulated fluorine-containing additives to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells

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Nano research 2024年第7期17卷 6080-6086页

作者： Peiya Chen Xiaoman Bi Hao Yan Yingjie Zhao Yihao Liu Zhuo Huang Qian Xiao Yongpeng Yang Shasha Zhang Yiqiang Zhang Yanlin Song Henan Institute of advanced Technology College of ChemistrySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Key laboratory of Green Printing CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(ICCAS)Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing TechnologyNational Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Beijing 100190China

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have seen remarkable progress in recent years,largely attributed to various additives that enhance both efficiency and *** these,fluorine-containing additives have garnered significant interest because of their unique hydrophobic properties,effective defect passivation,and regulation capability on the crystallization ***,a targeted structural approach to design such additives is necessary to further enhance the performance of ***,fluoroalkyl ethylene with different fluoroalkyl chain lengths(CH_(2)CH(CF_(2))nCF_(3),n=3,5,and 7)as liquid additives is used to investigate influences of fluoroalkyl chain lengths on crystallization regulation and defect *** findings indicate that optimizing the quantity of F groups plays a crucial role in regulating the electron cloud distribution within the additive *** optimization fosters strong hydrogen bonds and coordination effects with FA+and uncoordinated Pb^(2+),ultimately enhancing crystal quality and device ***,1H,1H,2H-perfluoro-1-hexene(PF_(3))with the optimal number of F presents the most effective modulation effect.A PSC utilizing PF_(3)achieves an efficiency of 24.05%,and exhibits exceptional stability against humidity and thermal *** work sheds light on the importance of tailored structure designs in additives for achieving high-performance PSCs.

关键词： perovskite solar cells fluorine number additive structure crystallization regulation defect passivation

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