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Effect of hafnium and molybdenum addition on inclusion characteristics in Co-based dual-phase high-entropy alloys

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1639-1650页

作者： Yong Wang Wei Wang Joo Hyun Park Wangzhong Mu Key laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education&Hubei Provincial Key laboratory for New processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-10044StockholmSweden Department of Chemical Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin 132012China Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsan 15588Korea Engineering Materials Division of Materials ScienceDepartment of Engineering Science and MathematicsLuleå University of Technology97187 LuleåSweden

Specific grades of high-entropy alloys(HEAs)can provide opportunities for optimizing properties toward high-temperature *** this work,the Co-based HEA with a chemical composition of Co_(47.5)Cr_(30)Fe_(7.5)Mn_(7.5)Ni_(7.5)(at%)was *** refractory metallic elements hafnium(Hf)and molybdenum(Mo)were added in small amounts(1.5at%)because of their well-known positive effects on high-temperature *** characteristics were comprehensively explored by using a two-dimensional cross-sectional method and extracted by using a three-dimensional electrolytic extraction *** results revealed that the addition of Hf can reduce Al_(2)O_(3)inclusions and lead to the formation of more stable Hf-rich inclusions as the main *** addition cannot influence the inclusion type but could influence the inclusion characteristics by affecting the physical parameters of the HEA *** calculated coagulation coefficient and collision rate of Al_(2)O_(3)inclusions were higher than those of HfO_(2)inclusions,but the inclusion amount played a larger role in the agglomeration behavior of HfO_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3)*** impurity level and active elements in HEAs were the crucial factors affecting inclusion formation.

关键词： high-entropy alloy non-metallic inclusion agglomeration thermodynamics alloying

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Microwave diagnostics of pulsed atmospheric discharge with electrolytic electrode and long-lived luminous formation in its afterglow

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 127-136页

作者： Shixin Zhao Xingbao Lyu Aleksandr Astafiev Chengxun Yuan Lin Miao Jingfeng Yao Ying Wang Anatoly Kudryavtsev Aleksandr Chirtsov Gennadii Shabanov Zhongxiang Zhou School of Physics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina Physics Department Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University“LETI”St.PetersburgRussia Heilongjiang Provincial Key laboratory of plasma Physics and Application Technology HarbinChina Physics Department St.Petersburg State UniversitySt.PetersburgRussia Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute National Research Centre“Kurchatov Institute”GatchinaRussia

The Gatchina discharge phenomenon holds significant promise as a laboratory model for simulating ball ***,crucial aspects concerning the plasma components of the resulting afterglow remain ***,the measurement of the electron density,a critical parameter,has not been fully achieved thus *** this study,microwave diagnostics and video recording were employed during a pulsed Gatchina discharge,along with synchronous measurement of discharge current and *** antennas were positioned at different heights to enable separate diagnosis of the discharge and the ensuing long-lived *** findings revealed that during the active phase of the Gatchina discharge,the plasma density was substantial enough to cause reflection of an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 20 GHz from this highly conductive *** the afterglow,the signal experienced only a moderate weakening of 10–20 percent,facilitating the determination of the time dependence of average electron density during the afterglow's passage between the two *** measurements verified the unusually slow plasma decay in the afterglow of the Gatchina discharge,suggesting the potential significance of chemi-ionisation processes involving long-lived(metastable)particles.

关键词： holds luminous electrolytic

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100 W-class green hydrogen production from ammonia at a dual-layer electrode containing a Pt-Ir catalyst for an alkaline electrolytic process

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 352-360,I0009页

作者： Donghyun Yoon Sunki Chung Minjun Choi Eunhyeok Yang Jaeyoung Lee School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)Gwangju 61005Republic of Korea International Future Research Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Conversion processes GISTGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Ertl Center for Electrochemistry and Catalysis GISTGwangju 61005Republic of Korea TKG Huchems Co.Ltd 963Sangam-roYeosu-siJeollanam-do 59614Republic of Korea

Ammonia allows storage and transport of hydrogen over long distances and is an attractive potential hydrogen *** decomposition has recently been used for the conversion of ammonia to hydrogen and is regarded as a future technology for production of CO_(2)-free pure ***,a heterostructural Pt-Ir dual-layer electrode is developed and shown to achieve successful long-term operation in an ammonia electrolyzer with an anion exchange membrane(AEM).This electrolyzer consisted of eight membra ne electrode assemblies(MEAs)with a total geometric area of 200 cm~2 on the anode side,which resulted in a hydrogen production rate of 25 L h~(-1).We observed the degradation in MEA performance attributed to changes in the anode catalyst layer during hydrogen production via ammonia ***,we demonstrated the relationship between the ammonia oxidation reaction(AOR)and the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).

关键词： Ammonia oxidation Dual-layer catalyst Green hydrogen electrolytic process Oxygen evolution reaction

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Recovery of rare earth elements from rare earth molten salt electrolytic slag via fluorine fixation by MgCl_(2)roasting

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1979-1987页

作者： Minghui Zhang Bingxuan He Yinliang Liu Luewei Xu Yong Liang Faculty of Metallurgical Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China Key laboratory of lonic Rare Earth Resources and Environment Ministry of Natural ResourcesGanzhou3410ooChina Jiangxi Provincial Key laboratory of Green and Low Carbon Metallurgy for Strategic Nonferrous Metals Ganzhou3410ooChina

Rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolytic slag(REFES)is a precious rare earth element(REE)secondary resource,and conside rable amounts of REEs exist in REFES as REF_(3);they are difficult to dissolve in acid or water and impede efficient REE *** REFES recovery,the REF_(3)species in REFES are usually transformed into acid-soluble rare earth compounds by NaOH roasting or sulfating roasting and then extracted by acid leaching,Moreover,the fluorides in REFES are released as HF gas in the roasting process or enter the liquid phase during the water washing process;both of these processes cause fluorine *** the fluorine into the solid slag provides a way to avoid fluorine *** this study,a novel method was proposed to extract REEs from REFES via MgCl_(2)roasting followed by HCl *** calculations and the rmogravimetry-differential thermal analyses(TG-DTA)were conducted to investigate the reactions occurring in the roasting process,First,MgCl_(2)reacts with the REF_3and RE_(2)O_(3)to form RECl_(3)and REOCl,***,the RECI_(3)absorbs water and forms RE(OH)_(3).Third,MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O is gradually dehydrated to MgCl_(2)·2H_(2)O and reacts with REF_(3)and RE(OH)_(3),and REOCl,MgF_(2)and MgO are *** HCl leaching,the REOCl in the roasting products is leached by HCl acid,while fluoride re mains in the solid slag as MgF_*** optimum experimental conditions are as follows:mass ratio of MgCl_(2)to REFES of 30%,roasting temperature of 700℃,roasting time of 2 h,hydrochloride acid concentration of 4 mol/L,leaching time of 2 h,leaching temperature of 90℃and leaching L/S ratio of 20:*** efficiencies for total leaching of the REEs,La,Ce,Pr,and Nd are 99.13%,99.20%,98.42%,99.38%,and 99.08%,***,the concentration of fluoride in the leaching solution is 2.191×10^(-6)mol/*** method has a short process flow with low reagent costs,and the problem of fluoride pollution from REFES recovery is solved;

关键词： Rare earths Molten-salt electrolytic slag Fluorine Recovery Leaching

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Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to produce formic acid coupled with oxidative conversion of biomass

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 705-729页

作者： Xi Liu Yifan Wang Zhiwei Dai Daihong Gao Xuebing Zhao Key laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Applied Chemistry Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)has become a research hot spot in recent years in the context of carbon *** is one of the most promising products obtained by electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) due to its high energy value as estimated by market price per energy unit and wide application in chemical *** is the most abundant renewable resource in the natural *** biomass oxidative conversion with CO_(2)RR driven by renewable electricity would well achieve carbon *** this work,we comprehensively reviewed the current research progress on CO_(2)RR to produce HCOOH and coupled system for conversion of biomass and its derivatives to produce value-added ***-and Bi-based electrocatalysts are discussed for CO_(2)RR with regards to the structure of the catalyst and reaction ***-oxidation reactions of biomass derived sugars,alcohols,furan aldehydes and even polymeric components of lignocellulose were reviewed as alternatives to replace oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in the conventional electrolysis *** was recommended that to further improve the efficiency of the coupled system,future work should be focused on the development of more efficient and stable catalysts,careful design of the electrolytic cells for improving the mass transfer and development of environment-friendly processes for recovering the formed formate and biomass oxidation products.

关键词： Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) Formic acid Oxidative conversion of biomass Lignocellulose Coupled system

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Functional oxide structures on a surface of metals and alloys

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广东有色金属学报 2005年第2期15卷 488-489页

作者： Rudnev V. S Yarovaya T. P Boguta D.L Lukiyanchuk I. V Tyrina L. M Morozova V.P Nedozorov P. M Vasilyeva M. S Kondrikov N. B laboratory of plasma electrolytic processes Institute of Chemistry of Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vladivostok 690022. Russia Far Eastcrn State Universary Vladivostok Russia

The investigations of the plasma electrolytic processes in our laboratory are aimed to the development of conditions of formation of oxide layers with determined composition, structure and functional properties on the... 详细信息

关键词：功能氧化物结构参数金属材料合金表面处理

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Electrochemical Activation of CO_2 for the Synthesis of Ethyl Carbanilate under Mild Conditions

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2007年第6期23卷 708-711页

作者： NIU Dong-fang XU Cheng-tian LUO Yi-wen ZHANG Li LU Jia-xing Shanghai Key laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China

A novel electrochemical procedure for the synthesis of ethyl carbanilate from aniline and carbon dioxide was developed via the selective cathodic reduction of carbon dioxide in CO2-saturated DMF solution containing 0. 1 mol/L TEABr at room temperature, followed by the addition of Eft as an alkylating agent. The synthesis was carried outun der mild[p（CO2） = 1.0×10^5 Pa, t =20 ℃ ] and safe conditions. Influences of the nature of the electrodes, the current densities, the passed charges during electrolysis, temperatures, and supporting electrolytes on the yield of ethyl carbanilate were studied to optimize the electrolytic conditions. The selectivity of ethyl carbanilate is 100%.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Electrochemistry Aniline Synthesis Ethyl carbanilate Mild condition

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Fundamental Understanding on Selenium Electrochemistry:From electrolytic Cell to Advanced Energy Storage

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 236-256页

作者： Jiguo Tu Cheng Chang Jingxiu Wang Haiping Lei R.Vasant Kumar Mingyong Wang Shuqiang Jiao State Key laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Chemical Engineering The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK

Selenium(Se),as an important quasi-metal element,has attracted much attention in the fields of thin-film solar cells,electrocatalysts and energy storage applications,due to its unique physical and chemical ***,the electrochemical behavior of Se in different systems from electrolytic cell to battery are complex and not fully *** this article,we focus on the electrochemical processes of Se in aqueous solutions,molten salts and ionic liquid electrolytes,as well as the application of Se-containing materials in energy ***,the electrochemical behaviors of Se-containing species in different systems are comprehensively summarized to understand the complexity of the kinetic processes and guide the Se ***,the relationship between the deposition conditions and resulting structure and morphology of electrodeposited Se is discussed,so as to regulate the morphology and composition of the ***,the advanced energy storage applications of Se in thin-film solar cells and secondary batteries are reviewed,and the electrochemical reaction processes of Se are systematically comprehended in monovalent and multivalent metal-ion *** on understanding the fundamental electrochemistry mechanism,the future development directions of Se-containing materials are considered in view of the in-depth review of reaction kinetics and energy storage applications.

关键词： electrochemical behaviors electrodeposition electrolytes energy storage selenium

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Co-electrolysis toward value-added chemicals

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Science China Materials 2022年第1期65卷 1-9页

作者： Lisong Chen Jianlin Shi Shanghai Key laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical processes School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China State Key laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China

Current major electrocatalytic reactions,such as hydrogen evolution reaction,carbon dioxide reduction reaction,and nitrogen reduction reaction,focus on single-target chemical production,which suffers from strong competitive reactions at the same electrodes and/or high energy barrier reactions at the counterpart *** co-electrolysis of more than one kind,typically two kinds,of chemical precursors in one electrolytic system is therefore a highly attractive strategy for both energy input reduction and concurrent production of double value-added *** progress has been achieved in this area recently,and a timely review on this specific topic will be highly *** this review,the reported co-electrolysis systems are classified into four categories:(1)agent sacrificing at one electrode promoting electrochemical precursor conversion at the other;(2)parallel electrochemical precursor conversions,i.e.,electrosyntheses,simultaneously at both sides;(3)electrochemical conversions of two precursors at both sides into one/the same product;(4)double/multiple electrochemical conversions at one *** current challenges and future opportunities of co-electrolysis toward high value-added products are discussed at the end.

关键词： co-electrolysis value-added chemicals electrocatalysts

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Interface engineering of Fe-Sn-Co sulfide/oxyhydroxide heterostructural electrocatalyst for synergistic water splitting

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Nano Research Energy 2024年第2期3卷 31-38页

作者： Siyu Chen Ting Zhang Jingyi Han Hui Qi Shihui Jiao Changmin Hou Jingqi Guan Institute of Physical Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021China State Key laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

To realize large-scale hydrogen production by electrolysis of water,it is essential to develop non-precious metal catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Here,we fabricate Sn-,Fe-,and Co-based sulfide/oxyhydroxide heterostructural catalyst on nickel foam(FeSnCo_(0.2)S_(x)O_(y)/NF)by solvothermal *** FeSnCo_(0.2)S_(x)O_(y)/NF requires low overpotentials of 48 and 186 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2),respectively,for HER and *** it is assembled into an electrolytic cell as a bifunctional electrocatalyst,it only needs 1.54 V to reach 10 mA·cm^(-2),far better than IrO_(2)||Pt/C *** formation of sulfide/hydroxide heterostructural interfaces improves the electron transfer and reduces the reaction energy barrier,thus promoting the electrocatalytic processes.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction hydrogen evolution reaction overall water splitting sulfide bifunctional electrocatalyst

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