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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第10期63卷 1540-1552页

作者： Xianming XIAO Qin ZHOU Peng CHENG Jian SUN Dehan LIU Hui TIAN School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Laser Raman spectroscopy of organic matter in coals and sedimentary rocks has been increasingly investigated to assess thermal *** organic matter such as vitrinite and solid bitumen,as well as isolated kerogen are definitely selected for this purpose,but there has been no systematic report on the Raman spectral parameters directly based on mineral-organic aggregations(MOA)in *** this paper,the Raman spectral characteristics and parameters of MOA in two sets of marine shale samples from southern China with either different TOC contents(TOC=0.10–4.59%)or different maturities(BRo=1.71–4.57%)were *** was found that the Raman technique is very sensitive to the organic matter in *** the TOC content of the shales reaches about 0.60%,perfect Raman spectra with D and G bands derived from organic matter in MOAwere obtained,and the Raman parameters of MOA are in good agreement with those of its associated solid bitumen,and can indicate the thermal maturity just like those of solid *** the Raman parameters of MOA is a potential alternative way to estimate maturity levels of high and over mature shales,especially those lower Paleozoic and Precambrian shales that lack macerals suitable for reflectance or Raman measurements.

关键词： Marine shale Mineral-organic aggregation(MOA) Solid bitumen Raman parameter Maturity

Carbon isotopic compositions of 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene in marine oil asphaltenes from the Tarim Basin:Evidence for the source formed in a strongly reducing environment

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第4期51卷 509-514页

作者： JIA WangLu PENG PingAn XIAO ZhongYao State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChinaKorla 841000China

Although 1-alkyl-2,3,6-trimethylbenzenes and a high relative amount of 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene have been detected in marine oils and oil asphaltenes from Tabei uplift in the Tarim Basin, their bio-logical sources are not determined. This paper deals with the molecular characteristics of typical ma-rine oil asphaltenes from Tabei and Tazhong uplift in the Tarim Basin and the stable carbon isotopic signatures of individual compounds in the pyrolysates of these asphaltenes using flash pyrolysis-gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (PY-GC-MS) and gas chromatograph-stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer (GC-C-IRMS), respectively. Relatively abundant 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene is detected in the pyrolysates of these marine oil asphaltenes from the Tarim Basin. δ 13C values of 1,2,3,4-tetrame-thylbenzene in the pyrolysates of oil asphaltenes vary from-19.6‰ to-24.0‰, while those of n-alkanes in the pyrolysates show a range from-33.2‰ to-35.1‰. The 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene in the pyro-lysates of oil asphaltenes proves to be significantly enriched in 13C relative to n-alkanes in the pyro-lysates and oil asphaltenes by 10.8‰―15.2‰ and 8.4‰―13.4‰, respectively. This result indicates a contribution from photosynthetic green sulfur bacteria Chlorobiaceae to relatively abundant 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene in marine oil asphaltenes from the Tarim Basin. Hence, it can be speculated that the source of most marine oil asphaltenes from the Tarim Basin was formed in a strongly reducing water body enriched in H2S under euxinic conditions.

关键词： 1 2 3 4-tetramethylbenzene asphaltenes marine oils the Tarim Basin carbon isotopic composition

Changes in visibility with PM_(2.5) composition and relative humidity at a background site in the Pearl River Delta region

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第2期28卷 10-19页

作者： Xiaoxin Fu Xinming Wang Qihou Hu Guanghui Li Xiang Ding Yanli Zhang Quanfu He Tengyu Liu Zhou Zhang Qingqing Yu Ruqing Shen Xinhui Bi State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Guangdong Key laboratory of Environmental Resources Utilization and Protection Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academyof Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

In fall–winter, 2007–2013, visibility and light scattering coefficients（b sp） were measured along with PM_（2.5）mass concentrations and chemical compositions at a background site in the Pearl River Delta（PRD） region. The daily average visibility increased significantly（p 〈 0.01） at a rate of 1.1 km/year, yet its median stabilized at ~13 km. No haze days occurred when the 24-hr mean PM_（2.5）mass concentration was below 75 μg/m^3. By multiple linear regression on the chemical budget of particle scattering coefficient（b sp）, we obtained site-specific mass scattering efficiency（MSE） values of 6.5 ± 0.2, 2.6 ± 0.3, 2.4 ± 0.7 and 7.3 ± 1.2 m2/g,respectively, for organic matter（OM）, ammonium sulfate（AS）, ammonium nitrate（AN） and sea salt（SS）. The reconstructed light extinction coefficient（b ext） based on the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments（IMPROVE） algorithm with our site-specific MSE revealed that OM, AS, AN, SS and light-absorbing carbon（LAC） on average contributed 45.9% ± 1.6%,25.6% ± 1.2%, 12.0% ± 0.7%, 11.2% ± 0.9% and 5.4% ± 0.3% to light extinction, *** b ext displayed a significant reduction rate of 14.1/Mm·year（p 〈 0.05）; this rate would be 82% higher if it were not counteracted by increasing relative humidity（RH） and hygroscopic growth factor（f（RH）） at rates of 2.5% and 0.16/year-1（p 〈 0.01）, respectively, during the fall–winter, 2007–2013. This growth of RH and f（RH） partly offsets the positive effects of lowered AS in improving visibility, and aggravated the negative effects of increasing AN to impair visibility.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Visibility Mass scattering efficiency Light extinction coefficient Relative humidity

Boron isotope geochemistry of Zigetang Co saline lake sediments,Tibetan Plateau

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第3期36卷 437-439页

作者： Xiaodan Wang Congqiang Liu Zhiqi Zhao Shijie Li Gangjian Wei State Key laboratory of Environmental geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550002 Guizhou China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

The origin of boron in boron-rich salt lakes in the Tibetan Plateau is highly *** this study,we carried out a detailed study on boron geochemistry and isotope composition of lake sediments collected in Zigetang Co,central *** had high boron concentrations of 172.3–418.6 lg/g and δ^(11)B values of-8.2%to-3.3%,suggesting a non-marine origin for the saline *** boron isotopic fractionation factor,a,between evaporite and brackish water(a_(evaporite–brackish))decreased systematically with depth,from 0.9942 at the top of the drill core to 0.9893 at the bottom;the linear variation between α_(evaporite–brackish)and depth reflects boron isotopic fractionation associated with progressive *** positive correlation between δ^(11)B versus[B]and δ^(11)B versus depth in the evaporite phase reflects pH and boron speciation in the solution control on the adsorption of boron,and B(OH)_3 species incorporated preferentially into Mg(OH)_2 precipitation at high pH.

关键词： Boron isotopes Zigetang Co Equilibrium isotopic fractionation Boron concentration

Experimental evidence for formation water promoting crude oil cracking to gas

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第30期57卷 4587-4593页

作者： SHUAI YanHua ZHANG ShuiChang LUO Pan LIU JinZhong HU GuoYi State Key laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&DevelopmentPetroChinaBeijing 100083China State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Crude oil cracking to gas is the key to determining the exploration potential and strategy for deep hydrocarbon *** the factors that affect the threshold and potential of crude oil cracking to gas as well as other possible influencing factors will provide the scientific basis for deep hydrocarbon exploration.A comparison of pyrolysis simulation experiments of crude oil,hydrous crude oil,and various water media under a constant temperature(350℃) and pressure(50 MPa) shows that water plays a large role in crude oil cracking to gas.(1) When water is added,the gas yields increase significantly,including those of alkane gases and non-hydrocarbon gases:the yield of alkane gases increases 1.8-3 times;the yields of H2 and CO2 also increase *** means that water takes part in the process of crude oil cracking to gas,and supplies ***,the presence of water will dramatically enhance the potential of crude oil cracking to gas.(2) Mg2+ ions in the formation water promote the crude oil + water reaction to some extent and increase the total yield of alkane gases and the yields of both H2 and CO2 ;more interestingly,the i-C4/n-C4 and i-C5/n-C5 ratios increase *** indicates that Mg2+ ions in formation water act as a catalyst,and a disproportionation reaction is involved in the crude oil + water *** study helps us to understand the factors influencing crude oil cracked gas and to evaluate the hydrocarbon resources in deep sedimentary basins.

关键词：原油裂解气地层水成气实验证据深层油气资源非烃气体深层油气勘探勘探潜力

Quantitative assessment of gas washing of oils in the Tazhong area of the Tarim Basin,Northwest China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第1期52卷 12-21页

作者： YANG ChuPeng GENG AnSong LIAO ZeWen SUN YongGe ZHANG LüHui State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510640China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Gas washing has been known in the Tazhong area of the Tarim Basin,but its quantitative assessment has not yet been *** the influence of gas washing fractionation in the area was discussed based on the gas chromatogram data of 68 oils and the results of the mixing experiments of a black oil and a *** results show that the intensity of gas washing fractionation decreased generally from northern to southern part and vertically from deep reservoirs to shallow *** gas washing fractionation was mainly controlled by fault systems in this area,with the increase of n-alkane mass depletion positively correlated to the number and scale of *** washing fractionation appears to have affected the hydrocarbon property,and as a result the diversity of the crude oils is markedly controlled by gas *** addition,the occurrence of waxy oil in this area may be resulted from multiple factors including gas washing,mixed filling and migration fractionation.

关键词： gas washing n-alkane mole fraction n-alkane mass depletion Tazhong area Tarim Basin

organic geochemistry characteristics of Jurassic black shales from the Amdo area, northern Tibet, China

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第3期41卷 393-405页

作者： Guiwen Xu Lan Chen Weiguang Zhu Xuejuan Da Zhangxiong Zhu Haisheng Yi State Key laboratory of Ore Deposit geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences99 West Lincheng RoadGuiyang 550081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Earth Sciences Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

The Jurassic black shales of the Qiangtang Basin,northern Tibet are known to be amongst the most important source *** date,there is no detailed study on the organic geochemistry of the Bathonian/Callovian coccolith-bearing sediments and their source-rock ***,we focus on the black limestones,marls,and shales at the Amdo 114 station section using Rock–Eval pyrolysis and biomarkers for sources,types,and thermal maturity of organic matter and the reconstructed depositional *** samples are characterized by(1)relatively high TOC values(0.20–2.56 wt%)and relatively low Tmax values between 428 and 452℃;(2)shortchain n-alkanes with a maximum at C_(14) to C_(18) and Pr/Ph>1;(3)31–35 homohopanes and gammacerane with lower abundance;and (4)C_(27)–C_(28)–C_(29) regular steranes with C_(29) being slightly *** organic matter is TypeⅡand thus dominantly derived from phytoplankton,especially *** maturity indicators include the Ts/(Ts+Tm),C_(31)22S/(22S+2R),C_(29)aaa20S/(20S+0R),C_(29)ββ/(ββ+aa)and C_(27)Dia/(Dia+Reg),which are regarded as immature to very early ***,the high Pr/Ph,Pr/nC_(17),and Ph/nC_(18) ratios,Pr/Ph vs Gammacerane index suggest that these black shales were deposited in unstratified marine waters of normal salinity under dysoxic to weakly reduced conditions.

关键词： Rock–Eval pyrolysis Biomarkers Source rocks Jurassic Northern Tibet

Characteristics of organic Components in Formation Waters and Their Relations to Natural Gas Reservoirs in Central Ordos Basin

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Chinese Journal Of geochemistry 2003年第2期22卷 116-122页

作者：李贤庆侯读杰胡国艺柳常青唐友军 The State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences geochemistry Research Center Jianghan Petroleum University The laboratory of Natural Gas Geology Langfang Branch of Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and DevelopmentPetrochina

Isotachophoresis results indicate that the total concentrations of organic acids in Ordovician formation waters range from 9.17 mg/L to 94.49 mg/L and are obviously higher than those of Permo-Carboniferous formation waters. But both of them have the same compositional characteristics, i.e., acetic acid >>formic acid >propanoic acid >butanoic acid. The total alkyl phenol contents of Ordovician formation waters range from {0.57} mg/L to {4.73} mg/L, averaging {1.77} mg/L. Among the samples for phenol detection, {47.06%} samples contain less than {1.0 mg/L}, {35.29%} samples {1.0}-{3.0} mg/L, and only {17.65%} samples more than {3.0 mg/L} alkyl *** concentrations of organic acids and alkyl phenols in the Majiagou formation waters are of obviously heterogeneous distribution. There are several areas where the concentrations of organic acids and phenols are high in central Ordos Basin. These organic acid- and phenol-high areas (organic acids {>45} mg/L and phenols {>2.0 mg/L}) are consistent with natural gas reservoir enriched areas in central Ordos Basin.

关键词：天然气藏有机酸鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶纪地层水烷基酚

Hydrogen isotopic compositions, distributions and source signals of individual n-alkanes for some typical crude oils in Lunnan Oilfield, Tarim Basin, NW China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1220-1226页

作者： LU Hong1, LI Chao1, SUN Yongge1, PENG Ping’an1 & XIAO Zhongyao2 1. State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China 2. Tarim Research Institute of Exploration and Development of Petroleum, China Petroleum, Korla 841000, China State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Tarim Research Institute of Exploration and Development of Petroleum China Petroleum Korla China

Isotopic compositions of carbon-bound hydrogen in individual n-alkanes from sev-eral typical crude oil samples from Lunnan Oilfield, Tarim Basin, NW China, were firstly measured using newly developed gas chromatography-thermal conversion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The similar range of δ D of individual n-alkanes of crude oils among reservoirs of different geo-logical times reflects that hydrocarbons are all derived from the same marine depositional envi-ronment. Compared to the theoretic value (?150‰) and the reported δ D values (nC13―nC27, ?160‰―?90‰) of individual n-alkanes for Ordovician-sourced crude oils in the Canadian Wil-liston Basin, the hydrogen isotopic composition of individual n-alkanes in crude oils from Lunnan Oilfield is characterized by heavy hydrogen isotopic values (nC12―nC27, ?120‰―?60‰). In terms of the factors that control the fractionation of hydrogen isotopes, relatively saline deposi-tional environment and higher thermal maturation were attributed to the heavy δ D values of in-dividual n-alkanes in crude oils from Lunnan Oilfield.

关键词： hydrogen isotopes, individual n-alkanes, distribution, hydrocarbon source, Lunnan Oilfield.

Optimization of an in vitro method to measure the bioaccessibility of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in dust using response surface methodology

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第10期23卷 1738-1746页

作者： Yingxin Yu Yuping Pang Xinyu Zhang Chen Li Zhiqiang Yu Jiamo Fu State Key laboratory of organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China

To more reasonably evaluate human intake of PBDEs via dust ingestion, bioaccessibility should be taken into account. Previously, we developed an in vitro method to determine the bioaccessibility of PBDEs in food. Here, this method was adapted to determine the bioaccessibility of PBDEs in dust and the digestion conditions that influenced the bioaccessibility of PBDEs were optimized. The digestion conditions included the incubation time of dust in the intestinal digestion solution （T）, the bile concentration in the intestinal digestion solution （Chile）, and the ratio of the volume of the intestinal digestion solution to dust （R）. The influence of the concentrations of individual PBDE congeners （CpBDE） on the bioaccessibility of PBDEs was also investigated. Cetral composite design was used to build an experimental model and set experimental parameters, and response surface methodology was used to analyze the obtained data. The results showed that the bioaccessibility of PBDEs increased with the increases of Chile and R, and was independent of T and CpSDE. Under the digestion conditions with Chile and R being at 4.0-7.0 g/L and 150-250, respectively, the bioaccessibility of PBDEs in the method-dust varied from 39.2% to 72.8%, which were comparable with the bioaccessibility or bioavailability of PBDEs in dust/soil in the literature. Thus, the in vitro method to measure the bioaccessibility of PBDEs in dust was established and validated. Finally, the bioaccessibility of PBDEs in four natural dust samples, which ranged from 36.1% to 43.3%, were determined using the adapted method.

关键词： bioaccessibility polybrominated diphenyl ethers dust response surface methodology in vitro test