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Particuology 2012年第1期10卷 127-131页

作者： Gregory F.L. Koay Teong-Guan Chuah Sumaiya Zainal-Abidin Salmiah Ahmad Thomas S.Y. Choong Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Advanced oleochemical Technology Division Malaysian Palm Oil Board Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products Universiti Putra Malaysia Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Director General's Office Malaysian Rubber Board

Palm-based dihydroxystearic acid of 69.55% purity was produced in a 500-kg-per-batch operation pilot plant and purified through solvent crystallization in a custom fabricated simultaneous batch crystallizer unit. The effects of temperature and solvent concentration on yield, particle size distribution and purity were studied. The purity was higher, while the yield and particle size were lower and smaller, respectively, at higher temperature and solvent concentration. The solvent crystallization process efficiency was rated at 66-69% when carried out with 70-80% isopropyl alcohol at 20℃.

关键词： Dihydroxystearic acidPilot plant operationSolvent crystallizationSimultaneous batch crystallizerProcess efficiency

Ternary phase behavior of water microemulsified diesel-palm biodiesel

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Frontiers in Energy 2015年第2期9卷 162-169页

作者： Nurul Atiqah Izzati MD ISHAK lsmail Ab RAMAN Mohd Ambar YARMO Wan Mohd Faizal WAN MAHMOOD School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology Faculty of Scienceand Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM Bangi 43600Malaysia Advanced oleochemical Technology Division (AOTD) MalaysianPalm Oil Board (MPOB) 6 Persiaran Institusi Bandar Baru BangiKajang 43000 Malaysia Department of Mechanical and Material Engineering Faculty ofEngineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaUKM Bangi 43600 Malaysia

This paper aims to develop a new microemul- sions system comprising diesel and palm oil methyl ester （PME） that have the potential to be used as alternative fuels for diesel engines. The water-in-diesel-biodiesel micro- emulsions were prepared by applying PME mixed with diesel, non-ionic surfactants, co-surfaetants and water to make the water-in-oil （W/O） microemulsion system. This microemulsified fuel was achieved through low-energy microemulsification by using the constant composition method. The diesel used was mixed with four different concentrations of PME, i.e., 10% （w/w）（B10）, 20% （w/w）（B20）, 30% （w/w）（B30） and neat diesel （B0）. The amount of water was fixed at 20% （w/w）. The phase behavior of the water/mixed non-ionic surfactant/diesel-PME system were studied by constructing pseudoternary phase diagrams with the goal of formulating optimized systems. The results showed that the microemulsions were formed and stabilized with a mixture of non-ionic surfactants at a weight ratio of 80：20 at 20% （w/w）, and with mixed co-surfactants at a weight ratio of 25：75, 20：80 and 10：90 for B0, B10, B20 and B30 respectively. The particle size, kinematic viscosity at 40℃, refractive index, density, heating value, cloud point, pour pointand flash point of the selected water-in-diesel microemulsion were 19.40 nm （polydispersity of 0.012）, 12.86mm^2/s, 1.435, 0.8913g/mL, 31.87MJ/kg, 7.15℃, 10.5℃ and 46.5℃ respectively. The corresponding values of the water-in-diesel@ME selected were 20.72nm to 23.74nm, 13.02mme/s to 13.29mmZ/s, 1.442, 0.8939g/mL to 0.8990g/mL, 31.45MJ/kg to 27.34 MJ/kg, 7.2℃ to 6.8℃, 8.5℃ to 1.5℃ and 47.5℃ to 52.0℃. These preliminary findings were further studied as potential fuels for diesel engines.

关键词： palm methyl ester palm oil biodiesel micro-emulsion water mieroemulsified fuels

Fractionation of Green Coffee Oil by Molecular Distillation： Modeling and Simulation

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2011年第2X期1卷 264-271页

作者： Melvin. Aroldo Duran Rubens Maciel Filho Maria Regina Wolf Maciel laboratory of oleochemical School of Chemical Technology Technological University of Pereira (UTP) Vereda la Julita CP 97Pereira Colombia laboratory of Separation Process Development (LDPS) School of Chemical Engineering State University of Campinas(UNICAMP) CP 6066 Campinas SP Brazil

This work describes a non-equilibrium mathematical model and simulation procedures for the fractionation of green coffee oil via molecular distillation. The simulation results were in quantitative agreement with previously reported experimental. Green coffee oil makes up to 18% (w/w) of coffee beans (Coffea arabica). The main components of the coffee’s lipids are triglycerides accounting up to 80% w/w, diterpene fatty acid esters amounting up to 18% w/w. The large amount of diterpene fatty acids renders Green Coffee Oil unsuitable for use as an edible vegetable oil. The majority of these lipids can be found in liquid form inside the cells of the coffee beans. Fractionation of green coffee oil by molecular distillation offers an avenue to improve the quality of green coffee oil allowing its use in nutritional, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Molecular distillation also provides a viable process to purify valuable products such as diterpene esters which has been reported to exhibit anticarcinogenic properties.

关键词：分子蒸馏技术仿真程序咖啡油分馏建模脂肪酸酯食用植物油二萜酯

Modeling of Molecular Distillation Parameters： Case Study of Green Coffee Oil （Coffea arabica）

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2011年第8期5卷 706-710页

作者： Melvin A. Duran Rmcon Rubens Maciel Filho Maria R. W. Maciel laboratory of oleochemical School of Chemical Technology Technological University of Pereira （UTP） Vereda la dulita Pereira CP 9 7 Colombia LOPCA-School of Chemical Engineering State University of Campinas （UNICAMP） CP 6066 Campinas SP Brazil LDPS-School of Chemical Engineering State University of Campinas （UNICAMP） CP 6066 Campinas SP Brazil

In principle, the free fatty acids, diterpene fatty acid esters and triglycerides from green coffee oil can be separated effectively, by a suitable separation process, due to the differences between molar mass and vapor pressures. In addition, in the case of component separation by molecular distillation, boiling point is replaced by evaporation rate at a given temperature. Several experiments and theoretical analyses have been carried out to identify the impact of important parameters （mean free path, evaporation rate, relative volatility and Knudsen number）, which determine the performance of these processes and degree of separation. In this work, a process development based on molecular distillation, for the enrichment of coffee diterpenes from green coffee oil is presented. The distillates were enriched in diterpene fatty acid esters and free fatty acids, while the residues were enriched in high molar mass triglycerides.

关键词： Diterpenes fatty acid esters Coffea arabica molecular distillation mean free path cafestol palmitate

Cross-metathesis of biomass to olefins:Molecular catalysis bridging the gap between fossil and bio-energy

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第8期35卷 44-60页

作者： Wenjuan Yan Zhenchao You Kexin Meng Feng Du Shuxia Zhang Xin Jin State Key laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing Center for Chemical Engineering Experimental TeachingChina University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China

Terminal olefins are important building blocks for the industry of biofuels,oligomers,and lubricants *** industrial processes for production of olefins involving oligomerization of ethylene or cracking of petrochemical waxes have several flaws including low yield and high cost in product ***-metathesis of bio-derived unsaturated fatty esters and olefins with ethylene(ethenolysis),allows the conversion of sustainable waste biomass to various renewable olefins with much safer,less toxic,sustainable,and zero-CO_(2) emission *** our best knowledge,however,a comprehensive summary of key advances in this field(since 2017)is yet to be available,particularly on molecular features of homogeneous and heterogeneous *** paper presents a critical review on molecular structures of metal complex and oxide catalysts for ethenolysis of olefins and *** influence of cationic centers,coordination conditions,nature of ligands,operating conditions on catalyst performances will be systematically discussed along with relevant reaction *** key challenges for rational design of coordinated cationic hybrids have been summarized,which will provide insights to technological advancement of large-scale production of oleochemical-derived olefins.

关键词： Metathesis Catalysts Metal complex Metal oxide Olefins oleochemicals

Sustainable Production of Microbial Lipids from Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Oleaginous Yeast Cultures

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2017年第1期7卷 36-50页

作者： Jung-Eun Lee Praveen V. Vadlani Doohong Min Bioprocessing and Renewable Energy laboratory Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA Department of Chemical Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA Department of Agronomy Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA

Microbial lipids derived from oleaginous yeast could be a promising resource for biodiesel and other oleochemical materials. The objective of this study was to develop an efficient bioconversion process from lignocellulosic biomass to microbial lipids using three types of robust oleaginous yeast: T. oleaginosus, L. starkeyi, and C. albidus. Sorghum stalks and switchgrass were utilized as feed-stocks for lipid production. Among oleaginous yeast strains, T. oleaginous showed better performance for lipid production using sorghum stalk hydrolysates. Lipid titers of 13.1 g·L-1 were achieved by T. oleaginosus, using sorghum stalk hydrolysates with lipid content of 60% (wt·wt-1) and high lipid yield of 0.29 g·g-1, which was substantially higher than the value reported in literature. Assessment of overall lipid yield revealed a total of 14.3 g and 13.3 g lipids were produced by T. oleaginosus from 100 g of raw sorghum stalks and switchgrass, respectively. This study revealed that minimization of sugar loss during pretreatment and selection of appropriate yeast strains would be key factors to develop an efficient bioconversion process and improve the industrial feasibility in a lignocellulose-based biorefinery.

关键词： Trichosporon oleaginosus Lipomyces starkeyi Cryptococcus albidus Lignocellulosic Hydrolysates Sorghum Stalks Switchgrass