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The dry-hot feedback between soil moisture and atmosphere and the accelerated global warming

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 890-891页

作者： Tianjun ZHOU State Key laboratory of numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have been increasing due to human activities since the Industrial Revolution, resulting in continuous warming of the global climate system and significant drought over a large parts of global land, both have shown a non-linear growth trend in recent decades(Berg et al., 2017;Zhou et al., 2019;IPCC, 2021).

关键词： warming moisture drought

Characteristics and triggering mechanisms of early negative Indian Ocean Dipole

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 59-65页

作者： Yue Fang Shuangwen Sun Yongcan Zu Jianhu Wang Lin Feng First Institute of Oceanography and Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical ModelingMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China laboratory for Regional Oceanography and numerical Modeling Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China Shandong Key laboratory of Marine Science and numerical Modeling Qingdao 266061China

Negative Indian Ocean Dipole(nIOD)can exert great impacts on global climate and can also strongly influence the climate in *** nIOD is a major type of nIOD,which can induce more pronounced climate anomalies in summer than La Niña-related ***,the characteristics and triggering mechanisms of early nIOD are *** results based on reanalysis datasets indicate that the early nIOD and La Niña-related nIOD are the two major types of nIOD,and the former accounts for over one third of all the nIOD events in the past six *** two types of nIODs are similar in their intensities,but are different in their spatial patterns and seasonal *** early nIOD,which develops in spring and peaks in summer,is one season earlier than the La Niña-related *** spatial pattern of the wind anomaly associated with early nIOD exhibits a winter monsoon-like pattern,with strong westerly anomalies in the equatorial Indian Ocean and eastly anomalies in the northern Indian *** to the triggering mechanism of early positve IOD,the early nIOD is induced by delayed Indian summer monsoon *** results of this study are helpful for improving the prediction skill of IOD and its climate impacts.

关键词： Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) triggering mechanism Indian summer monsoon seasonal cycle negative IOD

The Persistence and Zonal Scale of Atmospheric Dipolar Modes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 478-492页

作者： Jie SONG State Key laboratory of numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

This study investigates the relationship between the persistence and the zonal scale of atmospheric dipolar modes(DMs). Results from the daily data of ERA5 and the long-term output of an idealized atmospheric model show that the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale dipolar structure possess a longer(shorter) persistence. A detailed vorticity budget analysis indicates that the persistence of a hemispheric-scale DM(1/1 DM) and a regional or sectoral DM(1/8 DM) in the model both largely rely on the persistence of the nonlinear eddy forcing. Linear terms can indirectly reduce the persistence of the anomalous nonlinear eddy forcing in a 1/8 DM by modifying the baroclinicity via the arousal of anomalous vertical motions. Therefore, the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale possess a longer(shorter) persistence because the effects of the linear terms are less(more) pronounced when the atmospheric DMs have better(worse) zonal symmetry. Further analyses show that the positive eddy feedback effect is weak or even absent in a 1/8DM and the high-frequency eddy forcing acts more like a concomitant phenomenon rather than a leading driving factor for a 1/8 DM. Thus, the hemispheric-scale DM and the regional or sectoral DMs are different, not only in their persistence but also in their dynamics.

关键词： NAM NAO eddy feedback persistence linear term

Highly efficient tunable photodetector with a bipolar response in van der Waals heterojunctions

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 639-646页

作者： SHI ChaoFan ZHANG Shi XIAO KeNing ZHANG LiBo HAN Li ZHU YuLin TANG WeiWei LIU ChangLong LI GuanHai CHEN XiaoShuang College of physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou310024China State Key laboratory of Infrared physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China

The heterojunction integration of two-dimensional(2D)materials via van der Waals(vdW)forces,unencumbered by lattice and processing constraints,constitutes an efficacious approach to enhance the overall optoelectronic performance of photodetectors,due to an assortment of distinctive light-matter ***,vdW heterojunction photodetectors based on transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)face an inevitable trade-off between low dark currents and high responsivity,curtailing the application potential of myriad novel optoelectronic components in sensing,spectral,and communication *** this study,we present the successful actualization of a highly sensitive,self-powered,and gate-tunable bipolar response *** mechanisms underlying photocurrent generation were scrutinized via bias-,power-,and position-dependent mapping photoresponse measurements,identifying the photovoltaic effect,which is attributable to the Schottky junction’s built-in electric field,as the predominant *** prototype Au-WS2-graphene photodetector exhibits a remarkable light on/off ratio of 1.2×10^(6),a specific detectivity of 6.12×10^(11)cm H^(z1/2)W^(-1)with 20μs response time at 638 *** wide gate-tunable responsivity provides an adjustability scope,ranging from 0.9 to 3.1 A W^(-1).Notably,the device demonstrates an exceptional linear photocurrent response,with a linear dynamic range(LDR)value approximating 130 dB,which significantly surpasses that of other photodetectors based on TMDs.

关键词： WS2/graphene van der Waals heterojunction gate-tunable bipolar response

Tunable quantum anomalous Hall effects in ferromagnetic van der Waals heterostructures

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 100-107页

作者： Feng Xue Yusheng Hou Zhe Wang Zhiming Xu Ke He Ruqian Wu Yong Xu Wenhui Duan Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences State Key laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum physics Department of Physics Tsinghua University Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Magnetoelectric physics and Devices Center for Neutron Science and Technology School of Physics Sun Yat-sen University State Key laboratory of Surface physics Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences and Department of PhysicsFudan University Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Department of physics and Astronomy University of California-Irvine Tencent Quantum laboratory Tencent Technology(Shenzhen)Co.Ltd RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science(CEMS) Institute for Advanced study Tsinghua University

The quantum anomalous Hall effect（QAHE） has unique advantages in topotronic applications, but it is still challenging to realize the QAHE with tunable magnetic and topological properties for building functional devices. Through systematic first-principles calculations, we predict that the in-plane magnetization induced QAHE with Chern numbers C = ±1 and the out-of-plane magnetization induced QAHE with high Chern numbers C = ±3 can be realized in a single material candidate, which is composed of van der Waals（vdW）coupled Bi and MnBi2Te4monolayers. The switching between different phases of QAHE can be controlled in multiple ways, such as applying strain or（weak） magnetic field or twisting the vdW materials. The prediction of an experimentally available material system hosting robust, highly tunable QAHE will stimulate great research interest in the field. Our work opens a new avenue for the realization of tunable QAHE and provides a practical material platform for the development of topological electronics.

关键词： quantum anomalous Hall effect topological quantum phase transition van der Waals heterostructures tunable Chern number high Chern number

numerical simulations of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC)from OMIP experiments and its sensitivity to surface forcing

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 454-467页

作者： Xiaowei WANG Yongqiang YU State Key laboratory of numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC)plays an important role in transporting heat meridionally in the Earth’s climate system and is also a key metrical tool to verify oceanic general circulation *** OMIP(Ocean Model Intercomparison Project phase 1 and 2)simulations with LICOM3(version 3 of the LASG/IAP Climate System Ocean Model)developed at the State Key laboratory of numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG),Institute of Atmospheric physics(IAP),are compared in this *** simulations well reproduce the fundamental characteristics of the AMOC,but the OMIP1 simulation shows a significantly stronger AMOC than the OMIP2 *** the LICOM3 configurations are identical between these two experiments,any differences between them must be attributed to the surface forcing *** analysis suggests that sea surface salinity(SSS)differences should be mainly responsible for the enhanced AMOC in the OMIP1 simulation,but sea surface temperature(SST)also play an unignorable role in modulating *** the North Atlantic,where deep convection occurs,the SSS in OMIP1 is more saline than that in *** find that in the major region of deep convection,the change of SSS has more significant effect on density than the change of *** a result,the SSS was more saline than that in OMIP2,leading to stronger deep convection and subsequently intensify the *** conduct a series of numerical experiments with LICOM3,and the results confirmed that the changes in SSS have more significant effect on the strength of AMOC than the changes in SST.

关键词： oceanic general circulation model(OGCM) Atlantic meridional overturning(AMOC) surface forcing deep convection

Dissipationless layertronics in axion insulator MnBi2Te4

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 189-196页

作者： Shuai Li Ming Gong Shuguang Cheng Hua Jiang X.C.Xie School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow University Institute for Advanced study Soochow University International Center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University Department of physics Northwest University Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical physics and Information Sciences Fudan University Hefei National laboratory

Surface electrons in axion insulators are endowed with a topological layer degree of freedom followed by exotic transport phenomena, e.g., the layer Hall effect. Here, we propose that such a layer degree of freedom can be manipulated in a dissipationless way based on the antiferromagnetic MnBi2Te4with tailored domain structure. This makes MnBi2Te4a versatile platform to exploit the ‘layertronics’ to encode, process and store information. Importantly, the layer filter, layer valve and layer reverser devices can be achieved using the layer-locked chiral domain wall modes. The dissipationless nature of the domain wall modes makes the performance of the layertronic devices superior to those in spintronics and valleytronics. Specifically, the layer reverser, a layer version of the Datta–Das transistor, also fills up the blank in designing the valley reverser in valleytronics. Our work sheds light on constructing new generation electronic devices with high performance and low-energy consumption in the framework of layertronics.

关键词： axion insulator MnBi2Te4 layertronics antiferromagnetic domain wall dissipationless transport

Supertetragonal BaZrS_(3):A promising perovskite sulphide with giant ferroelectricity and low band gap

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 126-133页

作者： Menglu Li Sa Zhang Chenhan Liu Xiaotao Zu Liang Qiao Haiyan Xiao School of physics University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China College of Mathematics and physics Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Micro-and Nano-scale Thermal Measurement and Thermal Management laboratory Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Numerical Simulation of Large-Scale Complex SystemsSchool of Energy and Mechanical EngineeringNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

Over the past century,ferroelectricity has offered exciting opportunities for fundamental research and device ***,most of the discovered excellent ferroelectrics are oxide materials with large band gaps,limiting their potential for optoelectronics *** using first-principles calculations we identify a new narrow-gap ferroelectric beyond oxides,i.e.,ferroelectric perovskite sulphide BaZrS_(3).Under large compressive strains,BaZrS_(3)can be stabilized into a unique supertetragonal phase with an extraordinary polarization of 67.16μC/cm^(2),which is even stronger than that of conventional oxide ***,the supertetragonal BaZrS_(3)exhibits a direct narrow band gap of 1.2 eV and excellent electronic *** on the chemical bonding analysis,we attribute the formation of supertetragonal phase to charge re-ordering in which theπbond overlap along the long〈Zr-S〉bond completely vanishes and the antibonding states of theσbond appear below the Fermi *** work provides a conceptual strategy for designing new ferroelectrics for electronic and photovoltaic applications.

关键词： supertetragonal phase perovskite sulphide ferroelectricity

Even-odd layer-dependent multiferroic in freestanding rare-earth orthorhombic perovskite

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 151-157页

作者： Shaowen Xu Fanhao Jia Ning Dai School of physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Department of physics College of ScienceHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China State Key laboratory of Infrared physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China

Freestanding oxide perovskites possess strong interlayer coupling between adjacent atomic layers,thus exerting a determinative effect on the magnetism and ferroelectricity of these atomic-scale ***,we propose an effective strategy to manipulate magnetism and ferroelectricity in freestanding rare-earth orthorhombic perovskite via modulation of layer *** performing first-principles calculations,an even-odd oscillation is demonstrated in few-layer GdAlO_(3)perovskite(GAP).Specifically,odd-layer systems with charged atomic layers are ferromagnetic polar metals,while even-layer systems are antiferromagnetic ferroelectric *** thickness-dependent magnetic phase transition originates from carrier doping,as rationalized by the Stoner ***,we demonstrate the promotion of in-plane ferroelectricity via the concurrent application of two distinct antiferrodistortive displacements,each driven by formation and breaking of *** multiferroic phases may emerge in other transition metal oxide perovskites supporting multiple valence states,e.g.,few-layer Gd MO_(3)(M=V,Cr,Mn,and Ni).This work puts forward a strategy for layer thickness engineering of magnetism and ferroelectricity in 2D oxide perovskite multiferroic materials.

关键词： few-layer rare-earth perovskite multiferroicity size effect first principles calculations