In recent years,the demand for strategic metal resources,essential for scientific and technological progress and industrial development,has *** a stable supply of these metals is critical to national security and the ...
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In recent years,the demand for strategic metal resources,essential for scientific and technological progress and industrial development,has *** a stable supply of these metals is critical to national security and the well-being of the *** global industrialization accelerates,the daily demand for nonferrous metals continues to ***,extracting and recovering strategic metals from low-grade raw materials,such as solid waste,has become crucial for maintaining their supply and economic ***,the extraction process is fraught with challenges,including mineral phase stability and complex *** review focuses on key strategic metals such as lithium,aluminum,gallium,and *** introduces and examines various methods for extracting nonferrous metals from different raw materials,including traditional mining technologies applied to low-grade solid *** also outlines future development opportunities and challenges in this field.
Intracellular redox homeostasis is of indispensable importance in *** order to maintain the balance of the redox state within the cell,reactive oxygen species(ROS)and reactive sulfur species(RSS)react and transform wi...
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Intracellular redox homeostasis is of indispensable importance in *** order to maintain the balance of the redox state within the cell,reactive oxygen species(ROS)and reactive sulfur species(RSS)react and transform with each other,and their levels also directly reflect the degree of oxidative stress and *** acid(HClO)and cysteine(Cys)usually co-exist in organisms,interacting with each other in many important physiological processes and synergistically maintaining the dynamic redox balance in the *** understand the relevance and pathophysiological effects of these two signaling molecules in oxidative stress,unique fluorescence imaging tools are ***,we designed and developed a dual-channel fluorescent probe HP,for the individual and continuous detection of HClO and *** probe could simultaneously monitor the changes in the concentrations of HClO and Cys in cells,and was characterized by a fast response,high sensitivity and high selectivity,especially compared with glutathione(GSH)and homocysteine(Hcy),the probe had a good specificity for ***,probe HP successfully observed dynamic changes in HCl O-and Cys-mediated redox status in the oxygenglucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)model of HeLa cells and dynamically monitored fluctuations in endogenous HClO levels in lipopolysaccharides(LPS)-induced peritonitis mice.
Excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer (ESIPT) based fluorescence probes are particularly attractive due to their unique properties including environmental sensitivity, a large Stokes shift, and potential for ra...
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Excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer (ESIPT) based fluorescence probes are particularly attractive due to their unique properties including environmental sensitivity, a large Stokes shift, and potential for ratiometric sensing. In general, ESIPT-based fluorophore incorporates an intramolecular hydrogen bonding interaction between a hydrogen bond donor (–OH and NH2are common) and a hydrogen bond acceptor(C=N and C=O). More, protection–deprotection of hydroxyl group as hydrogen bond donor could induce an off-on switch of ESIPT-based emission. Therefore, protection–deprotection of hydroxyl group has been the widely used strategy to design fluorescent probes, where the potential key issue is selecting a protective group that can specifically leave in the presence of the target analyte. In this review, we mainly summarize the specific protecting groups (sites) and deprotection mechanisms for biologically important species (including reactive sulfur species (RSS), reactive oxygen species (ROS), enzymes, etc.), and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different protection mechanisms from some aspects including probe stability, selectivity, response rate and assay system, etc. Based on the aforementioned, we further point out the current challenges and the potential future direction for developing ESIPT-based probes.
Plant growth is determined by the production of cells and initiation of new *** genes that control cell number and cell size is of great significance for understanding plant growth *** this study,we characterized two ...
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Plant growth is determined by the production of cells and initiation of new *** genes that control cell number and cell size is of great significance for understanding plant growth *** this study,we characterized two wheat mutants,ah and dl,with abnormal *** ah mutant is a naturally occurring variant characterized by severe dwarfism,increased tiller number,and reduced grain length,while the dl mutant is derived from an ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)-mutagenized population and exhibits smaller grain size and slightly reduced plant *** analyses revealed abnormal cell number,cell morphology and arrangement in the stems and leaves of the ah mutant,along with reduced cell length in the grains of the dl ***-based cloning identified that both mutants carry mutations in the same gene TavWA1-7D,which encodes a protein with a von Willebrand factor A(vWA)*** ah mutant harbors a 174-bp insertion in the 1,402-bp coding sequence(CDS)of TavWA1-7D,causing premature termination of protein translation,while the dl mutant contains a Glu420Lys *** the TavWA1-7D ahthrough clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9-mediated genome editing leads to a severe dwarfism *** C-terminus of the protein is crucial for its correct subcellular localization and interaction,supporting its critical role for TavWA1-7D *** analysis showed that the dwarf phenotype of the ah mutant is associated with impaired photosynthesis,ribosome function,and nucleosome ***,TavWA1-7D interacts with an E3 ligase,Ta VIP1-3B,the expression levels of which are elevated in both *** and knockout studies of TaVIP1-3B demonstrated its negative regulatory role in cell length and grain ***,our findings suggest that TavWA1-7D plays a vital role in regulating wheat growth and yield-related traits,with the dl mutant's short grain phen
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)enters host cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)*** evidence has indicated the presence of hepatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and liver injury in pa-...
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)enters host cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)*** evidence has indicated the presence of hepatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and liver injury in pa-tients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Understanding the mechanisms of hepatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for addressing COVID-19–related liver pathology and developing targeted *** editorial discusses the signi-ficance of ACE2 in hepatic SARS-CoV-2 infection,drawing on the research by Jacobs et *** findings indicate that hepatic ACE2 expression,frequency of hepatic SARS-CoV-2 infection,and severity of liver injury are elevated in patients with pre-existing chronic liver *** data suggest that hepatic ACE2 could be a promising therapeutic target for COVID-19.
In eukaryotic cells,organelles in the secretory,lysosomal,and endocytic pathways actively exchange biological materials with each other through intracellular membrane trafficking,which is the process of transporting t...
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In eukaryotic cells,organelles in the secretory,lysosomal,and endocytic pathways actively exchange biological materials with each other through intracellular membrane trafficking,which is the process of transporting the cargo of proteins,lipids,and other molecules to appropriate compartments via transport vesicles or *** processes are strictly regulated by various small GTPases such as the RAS-like in rat brain(RAB)protein family,which is the largest subfamily of the RAS *** of membrane trafficking affects tissue homeostasis and leads to a wide range of diseases,including neurological disorders and neurodegenerative ***,it is important to understand the physiological and pathological roles of RAB proteins in brain ***35,a member of the RAB family,is an evolutionarily conserved protein in metazoans.A wide range of studies using cultured mammalian cells and model organisms have revealed that RAB35 mediates various processes such as cytokinesis,endocytic recycling,actin bundling,and cell ***35 is also involved in neurite outgrowth and turnover of synaptic *** generated brain-specific Rab35 knockout mice to study the physiological roles of RAB35 in brain development and *** mice exhibited defects in anxiety-related behaviors and spatial ***,RAB35 is required for the precise positioning of pyramidal neurons during hippocampal development,and thereby for normal hippocampal *** contrast,layer formation in the cerebral cortex occurred superficially,even in the absence of RAB35,suggesting a predominant role for RAB35 in hippocampal development rather than in cerebral cortex *** studies have suggested an association between RAB35 and neurodegenerative diseases,including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's *** this review,we provide an overview of the current understanding of subcellular functions of *** also provide insights into the phys
The RING-type E3 ligase OsBBI1 regulates rice resistance against Magnaporthe oryzae through modifying cell wall *** this study,we report the function of an OsBBI1 substrate,eukaryotic translation initiation factor Ose...
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The RING-type E3 ligase OsBBI1 regulates rice resistance against Magnaporthe oryzae through modifying cell wall *** this study,we report the function of an OsBBI1 substrate,eukaryotic translation initiation factor OseIF5A4,in rice ***1 interacts with OseIF5A4 and other four members of the OseIF5A *** RING domain in OsBBI1 and the eIF-5a domain in OseIF5A4 are critical for the OsBBI1-OseIF5A4 ***1 ubiquitinates OseIF5A4 and mediates its degradation in vitro and in ***,the expression of OseIF5A4 was upregulated during early stage of compatible interaction but downregulated in incompatible interaction between rice and *** of OseIF5A4 enhances rice immunity against *** and Xanthomonas oryzae ***,boosts pattern-triggered immune responses,and strengthens pathogen-induced defense responses(e.g.,expression of defense genes,accumulation of reactive oxygen species and reinforcement of cell wall).However,overexpression of OseIF5A4 attenuates rice immunity and immune *** results demonstrate that OseIF5A4,a substrate of the immunity-associated E3 ligase OsBBI1,negatively regulates rice immunity against *** and *** *** through modulating pathogen-induced defense responses,highlighting the importance of the protein translational machinery in rice immunity.
In the mammalian genome,most CpGs are ***,CpGs within the CpG islands(CGIs)are largely unmethylated,which are important for gene expression *** mechanism underlying the low methylation levels at CGIs remains largely *...
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In the mammalian genome,most CpGs are ***,CpGs within the CpG islands(CGIs)are largely unmethylated,which are important for gene expression *** mechanism underlying the low methylation levels at CGIs remains largely ***2 proteins(KDM2A and KDM2B)are H3K36me2 demethylases known to bind specifically at ***,we report that depletion of each or both KDM2 proteins,or mutation of all their JmjC domains that harbor the H3K36me2 demethylation activity,leads to an increase in DNA methylation at selective *** Kdm2a/2b double knockout shows a stronger increase in DNA methylation compared with the single mutant of Kdm2a or Kdm2b,indicating that KDM2A and KDM2B redundantly regulate DNA methylation at *** addition,the increase of CGI DNA methylation upon mutations of KDM2 proteins is associated with the chromatin *** findings reveal that KDM2A and KDM2B function redundantly in regulating DNA methylation at a subset of CGIs in an H3K36me2 demethylation-dependent manner.
Lead-halide perovskite nanoparticles(LHP NPs) are highly promising materials for next-generation displays and solid-state lighting due to their exceptional optical properties. However, their inherent instability prese...
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Lead-halide perovskite nanoparticles(LHP NPs) are highly promising materials for next-generation displays and solid-state lighting due to their exceptional optical properties. However, their inherent instability presents a significant challenge. Recent advances have demonstrated that optoelectronic devices based on monolayer nanoparticle films exhibit both high luminescence efficiency and long-term *** research demonstrates that mobility limitations and anisotropic alignments in CsPbBr3nanocube monolayer films are key to their stabilization, hindering spontaneous growth through face-to-face fusion and resulting in the formation of connecting necks in a diagonal direction. Introducing laser irradiation confirmed this by significantly accelerating nanocubes growth, increasing mobility, and enhancing local structural ordering, leading to larger and more regularly shaped nanosheets. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy line-scan analyses indicated that laser irradiation did not disrupt the ligand structure. Transmission electron microscopy and correlative cathodoluminescence electron microscopy revealed the effects of post-growth and heterogeneous structures, including enhanced luminescence and inhomogeneous intensity in the nanosheets. These findings deepen the understanding of the post-growth mechanism of monolayer nanoparticles and the structure-emission correlation and highlight the unique role of laser irradiation in directing the formation of well-defined and regular nanostructures.
Diabetic wound healing remains a major challenge due to the excess hyperglycemia microenvironment,massively bacterial infections,macrophage dysfunction,and persistent *** comprehensively solve these problems,novel mul...
Diabetic wound healing remains a major challenge due to the excess hyperglycemia microenvironment,massively bacterial infections,macrophage dysfunction,and persistent *** comprehensively solve these problems,novel multifunctional materials are highly ***,a versatile and intelligent hydrogel (Cu2S@FePPOPTPM@GOx@Gel) is ***2S@FePPOPTPM@GOx with hollow morphology and controllable size was rationally designed and fabricated by using Cu2S nanocubes as a template,followed by in situ growth of FePPOPTPMand loading glucose oxidase (GOx),*** infection occurs,the Schiff base bonds in Cu2S@FePPOPTPM@GOx@Gel can controllably release Cu2S@FePPOPTPM@GOx based on its excellent dynamic pH-responsiveness,thereby synergically reducing blood glucose levels and killing bacteria achieved relying on the excellent catalytic activity of GOx towards glucose and its promoted peroxidelike activity of *** experiments on diabetic wound model in vivo demonstrated that Cu2S@FePPOPTPM@GOx@Gel promoted wound healing and skin regeneration,which was attributed to its antibacterial properties,alleviating inflammation,stimulating vascular regeneration,and encouraging M2 polarization of *** work provides a novel strategy for the construction of a microenvironment-responsive and antibiotics-free drug delivery platform to treat diabetic wounds,as well as broad prospects of nanomaterials in the clinical treatment of chronic wounds.
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