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智能建筑 2010年第7期 71-74页

作者：叶学海 lightning Protection Center of Wenzhou Meteorological Bureau

本文以温州新一代气象雷达主机房防雷工程的设计、施工为例,着重从建筑工程和防雷工程的关联、防雷工程的设计方案以及建筑施工管理方法等方面入手分析,阐明了现代建筑防雷工程的设计思路和施工管理要点。

关键词：雷达主机房防雷工程设计施工

Modeling optimal long-term investment strategies of hybrid wind-thermal companies in restructured power market

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第5期7卷 1267-1279页

作者： Mohammad Tolou ASKARI Mohd.Zainal Abdin Ab.KADIR Mehrdad TAHMASEBI Ehsan BOLANDIFAR Department of Electrical Engineering Semnan BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySemnanIran Centre for Electromagnetic and lightning Protection Research(CELP) Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangMalaysia Institute of Power Engineering(IPE) Universiti Tenaga NasionalKajangMalaysia Department of Electrical Power Engineering Eyvan-e-Gharb BranchIslamic Azad UniversityEyvanIran Department of Decision Sciences and Managerial Economics Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

In this paper,a novel framework for the estimation of optimal investment strategies for combined wind-thermal companies is *** medium-term restructured power market was simulated by considering the stochastic and rational uncertainties,the wind uncertainty was evaluated based on a data mining technique,and the electricity demand and fuel price were simulated using the Monte Carlo *** Cournot game concept was used to determine the Nash equilibrium for each state and stage of the stochastic dynamic programming(DP).Furthermore,the long-term stochastic uncertainties were modeled based on the Markov chain *** longterm optimal investment strategies were then solved for combined wind-thermal investors based on the semi-definite programming(SDP)***,the proposed framework was implemented in the hypothetical restructured power market using the IEEE reliability test system(RTS).The conducted case study confirmed that this framework provides robust decisions and precise information about the restructured power market for combined wind-thermal investors.

关键词： Wind resources Power market Generation expansion planning Uncertainties Cournot game theory Stochastic dynamic programming

EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY GUIDANCE. PART Ⅱ:INTENSITY FORECAST ACCURACY IN DIFFERENT LIFE STAGES

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2012年第4期1卷 458-468页

作者： QINGQING LI CAIZHU CHEN JINHUA YU LIN CHEN Key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijingChina Shanghai Typhoon Institute and laboratory of Typhoon Forecast Technique/China Meteorological Administration Shanghai 200030China Fujian Climate Center Fuzhou 350001China Xiamen lightning Protection Center Xiamen 361012China

The accuracy of eight tropical cyclone(TC) intensity guidance techniques currently used in the East China Regional Meteorological Center during the 2008 and 2009 western North Pacific seasons has been evaluated within two intensity phases:intensification and *** the intensification stage,the majority of the techniques indicated > 60% probabilities of the errors of forecast 12-h intensity change within ±5 ms-1 from the 12- to 60-h forecast intervals,while none had capability to predict the rapid intensification and most of them had a bias toward smaller 48-h intensity changes at the beginning of the *** majority of the guidance techniques showed > 70% probabilities of the errors of forecast 12-h intensity change within ±5 ms-1 through 60 h during the decay phase,and the techniques had little capability of predicting rapid decay *** is found that the evaluated statistical models had difficulty in predicting the strongest cases of decay 36 h after peak intensity,whereas the dynamical and official forecasts were seemingly able to produce some large decay rates.

关键词： tropical cyclone the East China Regional Meteorological DIFFERENT LIFE STAGES

Characteristics of a Negative Cloud-to-Ground lightning Discharge Based on Locations of VHF Radiation Sources

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2014年第3期7卷 248-253页

作者： SUN Zhu-Ling QIE Xiu-Shu LIU Ming-Yuan Key laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The lightning very high frequency （VHF） radiation location system based on the short-baseline time-difference of arrival （TDOA） technique provides an effective approach to describe the temporal and spatial development of lightning discharge in two dimensions with high resolution. A negative single-stroke cloud-to- ground （CG） lightning flash was analyzed in detail using the radiation location results and synchronic fast/slow elec- tric field changes. The long-duration preliminary break- down process appeared to propagate with hi-directional leader channels. The two negative simultaneous discharge channels sloped down with a considerable horizontal com- ponent in the lower positive charge region at speeds of about 105 m s-1. The stepped leader was clearly converted from one channel of the preliminary breakdown process and spread downwards with branches. The speeds of the stepped leaders were about 105 m s -1. The K processes after the return stroke could either directly initiate from the start region with negative polarity lightning discharge, or initiate from a new region in the cloud as negative recoil streamers. All K processes propagated along the preceding electrified channel, while not all K processes initiated from the tips of positive breakdowns. The speeds of the K processes were about 106-107 m s-1.

关键词： short-baselinevery high frequency radiation cloud-to-ground lightningdischarge

Consolidated lightning Protection Methods of Landfill and Incineration Plants and Its Application Technology Investigation

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2017年第5期8卷 100-104页

作者： Jia Pei Qi Jiuhan Zhu Fanglin Hubei lightning Protection Center Wuhan 430074China Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology Nanjing 210044China Wuhan Leiguang lightning Protection Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430074China

Taking lightning-protection engineering of Wuhan Changshankou landfill and incineration plants for the example,in this article,we have discussed the integrated technology of direct lightning protection by early streamer emission lightning rod,lifting lightning rod and mobile lightning rod. Additionally,lightning protection methods and measures of landfill with large receiving area of lightning strike and landfill gas and incineration plant with irregular landfill cell are explored.

关键词： Landfill and incineration plants Landfill gas Consolidated direct lightning protection technology

lightning Activity and Its Relation to the Intensity of Typhoons over the Northwest Pacific Ocean

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第3期31卷 581-592页

作者： PAN Lunxiang QIE Xiushu WANG Dongfang Key laboratory of the Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology

ABSTRACT Data from the World Wide lightning Location Network （WWLLN） were used to analyze the lightning activity and the relationship between maximum sustained wind and lightning rate in 69 tropical cyclones over the Northwest Pacific Ocean from 2005 to 2009. The minimum lightning density was observed in the category 2 typhoon Kong-Rey （2007）, with a value of only 1.15 d-1 （100 kin）-2. The maximum lightning density occurred in the category 2 typhoon Mitag （2007）, with a value of 510.42 d-1 （100 km）-2. The average lightning density decreased with radius from the typhoon center in both weak （categories 1-3） and super （categories 4-5） typhoons. The average lightning density in the inner core of super typhoons was more than twice as large as that for weak typhoons. Both groups of typhoons showed a near-monotonic decrease in lightning density with radius. Results also showed that lightning activity was more active in typhoons that made landfall than in those that did not. The mean correlation coefficient between the accumulated flashes within a 600-kin radius and the maximum wind speed in the weak typhoons and super typhoons was 0.81 and 0.74, respectively. For more than 78% （56%） of the super （weak） typhoons, the lightning activity peaked before the maximum sustained wind speed, with the most common leading time being 30 （60） h. The results suggest that, for the Northwest Pacific Ocean, lightning activity might be used as a measurement of the intensification of typhoons.

关键词： lightning typhoon intensity WWLLN

Analysis of a lightning Strike Accident of a Rural House and Defensive Measures

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2020年第3期11卷 48-50页

作者： Bin WU Xiangping ZHOU Neijiang lightning Protection Center Neijiang 641000China Zigong Meteorological Bureau Zigong 643000China

A lightning strike accident of a residential house in the rural areas of Neijiang is analyzed through on-site investigation,and the causes are discussed. Defensive measures of lightning disasters are proposed to provi... 详细信息

关键词： lightning strike accident Cause analysis Defensive measures

Locating Parent lightning Strokes of Sprites Observed over a Mesoscale Convective System in Shandong Province,China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第11期35卷 1396-1414页

作者： Anjing HUANG Gaopeng LU Hongbo ZHANG Feifan LIU Yanfeng FAN Baoyou ZHU Jing YANG Zhichao WANG Key laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Atmospheric Observation Center of Beijing Meteorological Bureau Beijing 100031China

In this paper, we report the location results for the parent lightning strokes of more than 30 red sprites observed over an asymmetric mesoscale convective system(MCS) on 30 July 2015 in Shandong Province, China, with a long-baseline lightning location network of very-low-frequency/low-frequency magnetic field sensors. The results show that almost all of these cloud-to-ground(CG) strokes are produced during the mature stage of the MCS, and are predominantly located in the trailing stratiform region, which is similar to analyses of sprite-productive MCSs in North America and Europe. Comparison between the location results for the sprite-producing CG strokes and those provided by the World Wide lightning Location Network(WWLLN) indicates that the location accuracy of WWLLN for intense CG strokes in Shandong Province is typically within 10 km, which is consistent with the result based on analysis of 2838 sprite-producing CG strokes in the continental United States. Also, we analyze two cases where some minor lightning discharges in the parent flash of sprites can also be located, providing an approach to confine the thundercloud region tapped by the sprite-producing CG strokes.

关键词： red sprites positive cloud-to-ground strokes(+CGs) mesoscale convective system(MCS)

Silver-coated elevated bowtie nanoantenna arrays： Improving the near-field enhancement of gap cavities for highly active surface-enhanced Raman scattering

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Nano Research 2015年第11期8卷 3715-3724页

作者： Lei Feng Renping Ma Yandong Wang Daren Xu Dongyang Xiao Lingxiao Liu Nan Lu State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials Jilin University Changchun 130012 China

Improving hot-spot intensity is a key issue in surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS）. The bowtie nanoantenna （BNA） is an effective device used to concentrate light energy into a nanoscale volume and produce strong hot spots. Nanosphere lithography （NSL） is a large-area and low-cost technique to produce BNA arrays; however, the SERS activity of NSL-fabricated BNAs is limited. In this paper, we present a simple method to improve the SERS activity of conventional NSL-fabricated BNAs by modifying their geometry. The new configuration is termed ＂silver-coated elevated bowtie nanoantenna＂（SCEBNA）. SCEBNAs perform intensive near-field enhancement in the gap cavities owing to the integrated contribution of the ＂lightning rod＂ effect, resonance coupling, and the formation of the plasmonic Fabry-Perot cavity. Experimental measurements and finite-difference time-domain simulations revealed that the hot-spot intensity and the substrate enhancement factor can be optimized by adjusting the silver thickness. The optimal sample has the capability of trace-amount detection with fine reproducibility.

关键词： surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) surface plasmon resonance bowtie nanoantenna nanosphere lithography gap cavity

Risk Assessment and Zoning of lightning Disasters in Weiyuan County of Neijiang City

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2018年第5期9卷 41-43页

作者： Huang Yong Hu Hao Neijiang lightning Protection Center Neijing 641000China Daofu Meteorological Bureau Daofu 626400China

According to the lightning monitoring data of Sichuan lightning Protection Center from 2005 to 2016,vulnerability indicators such as lightning density,lightning intensity and life vulnerability modulus of Weiyuan County in Neijiang City were calculated. Afterwards,the vulnerability of lightning disasters in various towns of Weiyuan County was analyzed and evaluated,and the risk zoning of lightning disasters was conducted,which provides a scientific basis for the prevention and reduction of lightning loss.

关键词： lightning disasters Vulnerability Risk zoning