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Multi-species probiotics enhance survival,growth,intestinal microbiota and disease resistance of rohu(Labeo rohita)larvae

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Water Biology and Security 2024年第1期3卷 71-79页

作者： Zannatul Ferdous Md Kabir Hossain Md Hadiuzzaman SMRafiquzzaman KM Abdul Halim Tanvir Rahman Md Ali Reza Faruk Zulhisyam Abdul Kari Md Shahjahan laboratory of fish ecophysiology Department of Fisheries ManagementBangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Department of Aquaculture Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Department of fisheries Matshoy BhabanDhakaBangladesh Department of fisheries Biology&Aquatic Environment Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur1706Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Agro-Based IndustryUniversiti Malaysia KelantanJeli Campus17600JeliKelantanMalaysia

Multi-strain probiotics provide the most dependable approaches to improve health,immune response,and disease resistance in farmed *** the present study,we examined the effects of multi-species probiotics on the survival,growth,immune response,and disease resistance of rohu(Labeo rohita)*** hatched larvae from the day of first feeding(average weight of 0.003 g)were reared with multi-species probiotics having a combination of Bacillus subtilis(109 colony forming units(cfu)/mL)and Lactobacillus spp.(Lactobacillus plantarum,Lactobacillus buchneri-1011 cfu/mL)in water containing doses of 0(control-C),0.5 mL/L(treatment 1-T1),and 1.0 mL/L(treatment 2-T2)in triplicates for 90 *** the experiment,a challenge test was performed to assess the fish's resistance to pathogenic Aeromonas *** higher survival was recorded in larvae of treated groups(87%in T2 and 79%in T1)compared to the control(62%).Significantly higher growth performance(weight gain and specific growth rate—SGR)was shown by the probiotic-treated larval groups compared to the *** supplementation resulted in significantly higher counts of total viable colony(TVC)and lactic acid bacteria(LAB)in the *** immunological parameters(mucosal fold fattening,goblet cell abundance,expansion of lamina propria and enterocytes)of the gut were significantly better in probiotic-treated *** liver of treated fish showed irregular shape nuclei turning into regular shape and reducing spaces between the hepatic ***-treated fish had the highest post-challenge survival rate(90%)against *** *** erythrocytes of challenged fish treated with probiotics had significantly lower frequencies of various nuclear and cellular *** findings suggest that multi-species probiotic supplements could improve the survival,growth,health status,and immune response of rohu in the early stages of its development.

关键词： Aquaculture Disease resistance Immunity Labeo rohita Probiotics

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Differences in sensitivity of native and exotic fish species to changes in river temperature

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 852-862页

作者： R.S.E.W. LEUVEN A.J. HENDRIKS M.A.J. HUIJBREGTS H.J.R. LENDERS J. MATTHEWS VAN DER VELDE Radboud University Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Environmental Science Heyendaal- seweg 135 NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands Radboud University Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology Heyendaalseweg 135 NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis P.O. Box 9517 NL-2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands

This paper describes the effects that temperature changes in the Rhine river distributaries have on native and exotic fish diversity. Site-specific potentially affected fractions （PAFs） of the regional fish species pool were derived using species sensitivity distributions （SSDs） for water temperature. The number of fish species in the river distributaries has changed remarkably over the last century. The number of native rheophilous species declined up until 1980 due to anthropogenic disturbances such as commercial fishing, fiver regulation, migration barriers, habitat deterioration and water pollution. In spite of progress in river re- habilitation, the native rheophilous fish fauna has only partially recovered thus far. The total number of species has strongly in- creased due to the appearance of more exotic species. After the opening of the Rhine-Main-Danube waterway in 1992, many fish species originating from the Ponto-Caspian area colonized the Rhine basin. The yearly minimum and maximum river tempera- tures at Lobith have increased by circa 4 ~C over the period 1908-2010. Exotic species show lower PAFs than native species at both ends of the temperature range. The interspecific variation in the temperature tolerance of exotic fish species was found to be large. Using temporal trends in river temperature allowed past predictions of PAFs to demonstrate that the increase in maximum river temperature negatively affected a higher percentage of native fish species than exotic species. Our results support the hy- pothesis that alterations of the river Rhine＇s temperature regime caused by thermal pollution and global wanning limit the full recovery of native fish fauna and facilitate the establishment of exotic species which thereby increases competition between native and exotic species. Thermal refuges are important for the survival of native fish species under extreme summer or winter temperature conditions

关键词： Aquatic invaders Global warming Heat discharges Lethal temperature River Rhine Thermal heterogeneity

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Meta-analysis reveals that reproductive strategies are associated with sexual differences in oxidative balance across vertebrates

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 1-11页

作者： David COSTANTINI UMR 7221 Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 7 rue Cuvier 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France Department of Evolutionary Ecology Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17 Berlin 10315 Germany Behavioural Ecology & ecophysiology Group Department of Biology University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 Wilrijk 2610 Belgium

Oxidative stress is a key physiological mechanism underlying life-history tradeoffs. Here, I use meta-analytic techniques to test whether sexual differences in oxidative balance are common in vertebrates and to identify which factors are associated with such differences. The dataset included 732 effect size estimates from 100 articles （82 species）. Larger unsigned effect size （meaning larger sexual differences in a given marker） occurred in： reptiles and fish; those species that do not pro- vide parental care; and oviparous species. Estimates of signed effect size （positive values meaning higher oxidative stress in males） indicated that females were less resistant to oxidative stress than males in： reptiles while males and females were similar in fish, birds, and mammals; those species that do not provide parental care; and oviparous species. There was no evidence for a significant sexual differentiation in oxidative balance in fish, birds, and mammals. Effect size was not associ- ated with： the number of offspring; whether the experimental animals were reproducing or not; biomarker （oxidative damage, non-enzymatic, or enzymatic antioxidant）, the species body mass; the strain （wild vs. domestic）; or the study environment （wild vs. captivity）. Oxidative stress tended to be higher in females than males across most of the tissues analyzed. Levels of residual heterogeneity were high in all models tested. The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that diversification of reproductive strategies might be associated with sexual differences in oxidative balance. This explorative meta-analysis offers a starting platform for future research to investigate the rela-tionship between sex and oxidative balance further.

关键词： antioxidants oviparity oxidative damage parental care vertebrates viviparity.

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The off-host survival and viability of a native and non-native fish louse （Argulus, Crustacea： Branchiura）

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 828-835页

作者： P.D. WALKER I.J. RUSSON R. DUIJF G. VAN DER VELDE S.E. WENDELAAR BONGA Radboud University of Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands APEM Ltd Centre for Innovation ＆ Enterprise Begbroke Science Park Sandy Lane Yarnton Oxfordshire OX5 1PF United Kingdom Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis P.O. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands

fish ectoparasites are introduced to water bodies or aquaculture systems along with their hosts. Argulid fish lice can survive off-host for a given time, and in spite of quarantine measures might also be introduced via the transfer of water. However, they must cope with varying abiotic conditions without access to food. We investigated the effect of temperature （5 to 28℃） on the off-host survival time of Argulus japonicus, an invasive species which is apparently increasing its distribution, and compared this with the European A. foliaceus. A clear effect of temperature on the off-host survival time of all stages of both species was demonstrated. Larval and juvenile A. japonicus survived up to 9 days at 22℃ and in the case of adults up to 13 days at 15℃. By comparison, larval A. foliaceus survived up to 5 days at 15℃, adults up to 14 days at 9℃ and juveniles up to 7 days at 9℃ and 15℃. Thus, A. japonicus is more resistant to starvation at higher temperatures under controlled off-host conditions and A. foli- aceus is more resistant to starvation at lower temperatures. Infectivity of A. japonicus decreased linearly with the time spent off-host after 2 days for larvae and 4 days for adults. Temperature only had a significant effect on the infectivity of both develop- mental stages after 24 hours off-host between 13-23℃ for larvae and 13-18℃ for adults. In conclusion both species can potentially survive off-host pelods in water transports for up to 13-14 days as adults. Their survival is shorter as larvae. This study demonstrates that transportation of water has the potential to introduce Argulus species

关键词： Argulus fish lice Survival Temperature Off-host Water transport Introductions Invasive species

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Competition for shelter between four invasive gobiids and two native benthic fish species

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 844-851页

作者： N. VAN KESSEL M. DORENBOSCH M.R.M. DE BOER R.S.E.W. LEUVEN G. VAN DER VELDE Radboud University Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology EO. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Radboud University Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Environmental Science P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Natuurbalans - Limes Divergens P.O. Box 31070 6503 CB Nijmegen The Netherlands Netherlands Institute of Ecology （NIOO - KNAW） EO. Box 50 6700 AB Wageningen The Netherlands Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis EO. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands

Recent invasions by non-native gobiid fish species that are ongoing in the Western European rivers Rhine and Meuse, will lead to interactions with native benthic fish species. Since both non-native gobiids and native benthic species are bottom dwelling species with a preference for shelter during at least part of their life cycle, it is likely that competition for shelter will occur between these non-native and native species when shelter is a limiting factor. To investigate the importance of this mecha- nism for species replacements, various habitat choice experiments were conducted between two common native benthic fish spe- cies （Cottus perifretum and Barbatula barbatula） and four invasive non-native gobiid species （Proterorhinus semilunaris, Neogo- bius melanostomus, N. kessleri and N. fluviatilis）. The first series of single specimen experiments determined the habitat choice of each individual fish species. In a second series of competition experiments, shifts in habitat choice in comparison with the previ- ously observed habitat choice, were determined when a native benthic fish species co-occurred with non-native gobiid species. Native C. perifretum displayed a significant shift in habitat choice in co-occurrence with the gobiids N. kessleri or P. semilunaris. C. perifretum was outcompeted and moved from the available shelter place to less preferred habitat types. During the competition experiments no change in habitat choice of B. barbatula was shown. Our study therefore suggests that competition for shelter is likely to occur in rivers invaded by N. kessleri and P. semilunaris at sites where shelter is limiting

关键词： Bullhead Exotic species Habitat choice Invasive gobies Rivers Rhine and Meuse Stone loach

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