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Meningococcal disease, a clinical and epidemiological review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第11期10卷 1019-1029页

作者： Rodrigo Siqueira Batista Andreia Patricia Gomes Jorge Luiz Dutra Gazineo Paulo Sergio Balbino Miguel Luiz Alberto Santana Lisa Oliveira Mauro Geller laboratorio de Agentes Patogenicos Departamento de Medicina e Enfermagem Universidade Federal de VicosaVicosaMGBrazil curso de Medicina Faculdade Dinamica do Vale do PirangaPonte NovaMGBrazil Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil curso de Medicina Centro Universitario Serra dos Orgaos (UNIFESO)TeresopolisRJBrazil School of Medicine New York University–NYUNew YorkUSA departamento de Genetica Medica Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil

Meningococcal disease is the acute infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis, which has humans as the only natural host. The disease is widespread around the globe and is known for its epidemical potential and high rates of lethality and morbidity. The highest number of cases of the disease is registered in the semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa. In Brazil, it is endemic with occasional outbreaks, epidemics and sporadic cases occurring throughout the year, especially in the winter. The major epidemics of the disease occurred in Brazil in the 70's caused by serogroups A and C. Serogroups B, C and Y represent the majority of cases in Europe, the Americas and Australia. However, there has been a growing increase in serogroup W in some areas. The pathogen transmission happens for respiratory route(droplets) and clinically can lead to meningitis and sepsis(meningococcemia). The treatment is made with antimicrobial and supportive care. For successful prevention, we have some measures like vaccination, chemoprophylaxis and droplets' precautions. In this review, we have described and clarify clinical features of the disease caused by N. meningitidis regarding its relevance for healthcare professionals.

关键词： Neisseria meningitidis Bacterial infection Meningococcal disease

Transmission FTIR derivative spectroscopy for estimation of furosemide in raw material and tablet dosage form

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2014年第5期4卷 376-383页

作者： Máximo Gallignani Rebeca A.Rondón JoséF.Ovalles María R.Brunetto laboratorio de Espectroscopia Molecular Departamento de QuímicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de Los AndesMérida 5101-AVenezuela departamento de Análisis y Control Facultad de Farmacia y BioanálisisUniversidad de Los AndesMérida 5101-AVenezuela

A Fourier transform infrared derivative spectroscopy(FTIR-DS)method has been developed for determining furosemide(FUR)in pharmaceutical solid dosage *** method involves the extraction of FUR from tablets with N,N-dimethylformamide by sonication and direct measurement in liquid phase mode using a reduced path length *** general,the spectra were measured in transmission mode and the equipment was configured to collect a spectrum at 4 cm^(-1) resolution and a 13 s collection time(10 scans co-added).The spectra were collected between 1400 cm^(-1) and 450 cm^(-1).derivative spectroscopy was used for data processing and quantitative measurement using the peak area of the second order spectrum of the major spectral band found at 1165 cm^(-1)(SO_(2) stretching of FUR)with baseline *** method fulfilled most validation requirements in the 2 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL range,with a 0.9998 coefficient of determination obtained by simple calibration model,and a general coefficient of variation dered interchangeable.

关键词： FTIR derivative spectroscopy Furosemide Frusemide Pharmaceutical analysis

Patterns of climber distribution in temperate forests of the Americas

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第6期9卷 724-733页

作者： Annik Schnitzler Javier Amigo Brack Hale Christophe Schnitzler Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux(LIEC) UMR 7360 Universitéde LorraineMetzFrance laboratorio de Botánica Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de Santiago de CompostelaA CoruñaSpain Franklin University Switzerland SorengoSwitzerland Facultédes Sciences du Sport UnistraUniversitéde StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance

Aims and Methods We propose a standard protocol at the landscape to continental scale for examining to what extent the range of ecological conditions found in temperate latitudes explains the variations in climber species richness and *** protocol was tested in forests of the two *** data set included 151 climber *** selected four categorical traits and grouped these species into six clusters with regard to these *** records of American forests were first gathered into alliances,second combined with bioclimatic indices(rainfall,temperature,continentality).We obtained a total of 59 vegetational units in which we calculated values of climber species richness and proportion of *** units were ultimately gathered into five forest formations(characterized by leaf longevity).Wetlands and uplands were considered *** Findings Our results emphasize clear trends in large-scale patterns of climber distribution,independently of *** species richness(in particular woody climbers)peaks in moist and warm upland forests with oceanic climates,and where conifers are *** flooded areas,climber richness is also very high and peaks in seasonally flooded large *** ecological conditions of frost,dryness or lack of nutrients,climber species richness,abundance and trait diversity decline,resulting in the dominance of small,twining and deciduous life traits.

关键词： American forest bioclimatic indices climber life traits standart protocol species richness

depressant effects of Agastache mexicana methanol extract and one of major metabolites tilianin

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第3期8卷 185-190页

作者： María Eva González-Trujano Hilda Ponce-Muoz Sergio Hidalgo-Figueroa Gabriel Navarrete-Vázquez Samuel Estrada-Soto laboratorio de Neurofarmacologia de Productos Naturales de la Directión de Investigaciones en Neurociencias.Instituto National de Psiquiatria "Ramón de la Fuente Muiz" México D.F.14370México Facultad de farmacia Universidad Autonoma del Estado de MorelosCuernavaca.Morelos.México

Objective:To determine the depressant-like effects and the possible mechanism of action of tilianin isolated from active methanol extract of Agastache mexicana(***).Also,to establish the pharmacophoric requirements of tilianin,as a possible ligand of GABA_A/BZD receptor,by the alignment of ***-9896 and diindole,using a previously described pharmacophoric ***:Tilianin(30 to 300 mg/*** 300 mg/kg,pa.) and methanol crude extract(10 to 300 mg/kg,*** 300 mg/kg po.) from *** were evaluated for potential sedative and anxiolytic-like response drugs by using open-field,hole-board,cylinder of exploration,plus-maze and sodium pentobarbital-induced hypnosis mice ***:Methanol extract and tilianin showed anxiolytic-like activity from a dosage of 30 mg/kg,*** 300 mg/kg,*** were less potent than diazepam 0.1 mg/kg.a reference anxiolytic drug ***,depressant activity of both potentiates sodium pentobarbital(SP)-induced sleeping *** anxiolytic-like effect of 30 mg/kg *** for the extract and tilianin,by using the plus-maze model,was partially prevented in the presence of flumazenil(a GABA_A/BZD antagonist,5 mg/kg ip.) but not in the presence of WAY100635(a selective 5-HT_(1A) receptor antagonist,0.32 mg/***.).Pharmacophoric modeling alignments of three agonist of GABA_A/BZD allow identify seven chemical *** contains six of the seven features previously ***:Results indicate that tilianin is one of the bioactive metabolites in the anxiolytic-like activity of *** its central nervous system uses,where GABA_A/BZD,but not 5-HT_(1A),receptors are partially involved.

关键词： Agastache mexicana Anxiety Benzodiazepine Central nervous system Sedative Tilianin

Ultrastructure of multicellular dwarf males with external gametangium in Oedogonium macrandrium(Oedogoniales,Chlorophyta)

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BIOCELL 2013年第3期37卷 85-90页

作者： Silvana L.D’AMICO Patricia I.LEONARDI Eduardo J.CÁCERES laboratorio de Ficología y Micología Departamento de BiologíaBioquímica y FarmaciaUniversidad Nacional del SurBahía BlancaArgentina CERZOS-CONICET Camino La Carrindanga Km 7Bahía BlancaArgentina

This is the first comprehensive ultrastructural study on dwarf males with external gametangia in the ge in the genus Oedogonium,from androspore germination to the liberation of mature male *** ultrastructure of the process in *** Wittrok is similar to that of Bulbochaete hiloensis(Nordstedt)Tiffany,butwith two remarkable *** ***:(1)instead of a true transverse wall,only condensed mucilage appears between the gametes of each antheridial cell,and (2)the cell wall between the basal cell and the basal most antheridial cell has simple plasmodesmata similar to those present in the transverse walls of vegetative cells,which are absent in ***.

关键词： androspores Chlorophyta dwarf males Oedogoniales Oedogonium macrandrium ultrastructure

Phenolic profile and biological potential of Endopleura uchi extracts

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第11期8卷 870-878页

作者： Luis R.Silva Rafaela Teixeira CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias da Saude.Universidale da Beira Interior Av.Infante D.Henrique.6201-506.Corilha.Portugal Instituto Politecnico de Castelo Branco Escola Superior de Saude Dr Lopes DiasArenido do EmpresarioCampus da Talagueira6000-767Castelo BrancaPortugal LEPABE Departamento de Engenharia QuimicaFaculdade de Engenharia.Universidade do PortoRua Dr.Roberto Friass/n4200-465 PortoPortugal REQUIMTE/laboratorio de Farmacognosia Departamento de QuimicaFaculdade de FarmaciaUniversidade do Porto.Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira228.4050-313 PortoPortugal

Objective:To improve the knowledge on the metabolite composition of Endopleura uchi bark,concerning phenolic compounds,and to evaluate some of its biological capacities for further possible exploitation in food and pharmaceutical industries associated to their healthpromoting ***:Two different extracts(infusion and hydroethanolic) were studied concerning phenolic composition and biological ***:Five compounds were determined by HPLC-DAD,being bergenin the major *** general way,infusion presents a greater richness in these *** antioxidant,***,α-glucosidase and antibacterial activity were checked by in vitro assays.A dose-dependent response was noticed against DPPH,superoxide and nitric oxide radicals,acetylcholinesterase,butyrylcholinesterase and against α-glucosidase inhibitory *** capacity of both extracts was investigated against Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria,being more effective against the first *** concentrations of infusion extract tested here revealed that is non-toxic for intestinal(Caco-2) cells ***:The results suggest that the extracts of Endopleura uchi may be interesting for incorporating in pharmaceutical preparations for human health,since it can suppress hyperglycaemia and inhibit cholinesteases,and or as food additive due to its antiradical and antibacterial activities.

关键词： Endopleura uchi Bark Phenolic compounds Anti-diabe

Silymarin Attenuates Hepatic and Pancreatic Redox Imbalance Independent of Glycemic Regulation in the Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rat Model

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期33卷 690-700页

作者： Miranda Laise Mara Oliveira Agostini Livia da Cunha Lima Wanderson Geraldo de Camini Fernanda Caetano Costa Daniela Caldeira Programa de Pos-graduagao em Saude e Nutricao Escola de NutricaoUniversidade Federal de Ouro PretoOuro PretoMinas Gerais 35400-000Brazil Escola de farmacia Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Ouro PretoMinas Gerais 35400-000Brazil laboratorio de Morfopatologia Departamento de Ciencias BioldgicasUniversidade Federal de Ouro PretoOuro Preto 35400-000Brazil Programa de Pos-graduaqao em Ciencias Bioldgicas Nucleo de Pesquisas em Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Ouro Preto 35400-000Brazil laboratorio de Bioquimica Metabolica Departamento de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal de Ouro PretoOuro Preto 35400-000Brazil

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of silymarin(SMN) in modulating metabolic parameters and redox status in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1 DM).Methods Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan. The diabetic rats were administered with SMN at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight/d for 30 consecutive days. The rats were divided into the following four groups: vehicle control, diabetic(alloxan-treated), DS50(alloxan +50 mg/kg body weight/d of SMN), and DS100(alloxan + 100 mg/kg body weight/d of SMN) groups. The bodyweight and food and water intake were evaluated. After 30 d, the animals were euthanized and the blood was collected for measuring the serum levels of glucose, triacylglycerol(TAG), urea, and creatinine. The liver and pancreas were collected for measuring the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT), and the levels of carbonylated protein(PC). The pancreas sample was also used for histological *** SMN reduced hepatic(P decreasing food(P decrease blood glucose levels in diabetic *** SMN improved polyphagia and polydipsia, renal function, and protected the liver and pancreas against protein damage without affecting hyperglycemia in diabetic animals.

关键词： Silymarin Silybum marianum Type 1 diabetes Oxidative stress

The best of both worlds:mastering nerve regeneration combining biological and nanotechnological tools

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 556-557页

作者： Paula A.Soto Marcela B.Fernández van Raap C.Patricia Setton-Avruj departamento de Química Biológica Cátedra de Química Biológica PatológicaUniversidad de Buenos AiresFacultad de Farmacia y BioquímicaInstituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas(IQUIFIB)Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina departamento de Física Universidad Nacional de La Plata(UNLP)Facultad de Ciencias ExactasLa PlataArgentinaLaboratorio de BiotecnologíaUniversidad ORT UruguayMontevideoUruguay

Over the last decade,remarkable developments in nanotechnology have powered medical research,unveiling new approaches for the solution of public health issues such as the treatment of traumatic peripheral neuropathies.

关键词： traumatic technological treatment

Trypanosoma rangeli:growth in mammalian cells in vitro and action of a repositioned drug(17-AAG)and a natural extract(Artemisia *** oil)

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BIOCELL 2019年第1期43卷 13-19页

作者： Ana Laura CIMAdoR Emeli Luciana GALANTE Lucila Ibel MUNOZ Patricia Silvia ROMANO Antonella denisse LOSINNO Maria Cristina VANRELL Facultad de farmacia y Bioquimica Universidad Juan Agustin Maza.MendozaArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Medicas Universidad Nacional de Cuyo.MendozaArgentina laboratorio de Biologia de Trypanosoma cruzi y la celula hospedadora-Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia“Dr.Mario H.Burgos”IHEM-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo.Mendoza Argentina

Trypanosoma rangeli and *** are both parasitic unicellular species that infect *** ***,the causative agent of Chagas disease,*** is an infective and non-pathogenic parasite for humans,but pathogenic for vectors from the Rhodnius *** both species can coexist in different hosts and overlap their infective cycles but very little is known about the infection of *** in mammalian cells,we decided to characterize both the development of this parasite in cell culture and the effect of therapeutic agents with potential trypanocidal action on *** found that *** exhibits a cycle of infection in Vero cells similar to that for *** and that the repurposed drug,17-AAG,and the natural extract Artemisia *** oil produce a toxic effect on epimastigotes showing a trypanocidal action from the fifth day of *** treatments also affected the infection of trypomastigotes and reduced the capacity of replication of amastigotes of *** ***/*** coinfection cases have been reported,the finding of drugs with potential activity against both species could be significant in the ***,studies of susceptibility of both species to drugs could also help to know the different mechanisms of pathogenicity in humans displayed by *** that are absent in ***.

关键词： Life-cycle Treatment Trypanosoma rangeli