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Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress act in concert to promote neurodegeneration in the diabetic retina and optic nerve:galectin-3 participation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第4期15卷 625-635页

作者： Henrique Rocha Mendonca Raul Carpi-Santos Karin da Costa Calaza Ana Maria Blanco Martinez laboratorio de Neurodegeneracao e Reparo Departamento de PatologiaPrograma de Pos-graduacao em Anatomia PatologicaFaculdade de MedicinaHospital Universitrio Clementino Fraga FilhoFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Polo Universitario Macae Unidade Integrada de Pesquisa em Produtos Bioativos e BiocienciasFederal University of Rio de JaneiroMacaeBrazil laboratorio Integrado de Morfologia Instituto de Biodiversidade e SustentabilidadeNucleo de Pesquisas Ecologicas de MacaeFederal University of Rio de JaneiroMacaeBrazil laboratorio de Neurobiologia Celular Instituto de Ciencias BiomedicasCentro de Ciencias da SaudeFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil laboratorio de Neurobiologia da Retina Departamento de NeurobiologiaPrograma de Pos-Graduacao em NeurocienciasFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil

Diabetes is a lifelong disease characterized by glucose metabolic imbalance,in which low insulin levels or impaired insulin signaling lead to hyperglycemic *** 20 years of diabetes progression,95%of patients will have diabetic retinopathy,the leading cause of visual defects in working-age people *** diabetes is considered a microvascular disease,recent studies have shown that neurodegeneration precedes vascular changes within the diabetic visual system,albeit its mechanisms are still under *** and oxidative stress are intrinsically related phenomena,since macrophage/microglia and astrocytes are the main sources of reactive oxygen species during central nervous system chronic degenerative diseases,and both pathological processes are increased in the visual system during *** present review will focus on recent findings of the contribution of oxidative stress derived from neuroinflammation in the early neurodegenerative aspects of the diabetic visual system and their relationship with galectin-3.

关键词： diabetes diabetic retinopathy galectin-3 neurodegeneration neuroinflammation optic nerve oxidative stress retina

Home range variability,spatial aggregation,and excursions of Akodon azarae and Oligoryzomys flavescens in Pampean agroecosystems

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第5期15卷 401-415页

作者： Irene GOROSITO Ailén BENÍTEZ Maria BUSCH laboratorio de Ecología de PoblacionesFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Airesand Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos AiresConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos AiresArgentina laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Airesand Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos AiresConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos AiresArgentina

Rodents are reservoirs of various types of hantavirus,some of which are agents of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in *** hantavirus is associated with a single rodent host species but successive spill-over events may eventually lead to host-switching and new species’becoming host of a given *** study aims to gain an understanding of the spatial ecology of two hantavirus-host species,Akodon azarae,and Oligoryzomys flavescens,by identifying factors modulating their home range sizes and stability,and by evaluating intra-and interspecific spatial aggregation for these species and a third one—Oxymycterus rufus—living in *** this,eleven capture-mark-recapture surveys were carried out,spanning 22 *** found that *** males have larger and more mobile home ranges than females,independently of the ***,males could likely have a more relevant role in the transmission of hantavirus because of their greater exposure both to a higher number of contacts between individuals and viral contamination of the ***,*** individuals showed negligible displacements of their home range through time,which could limit the range of hantavirus spread in host *** *** is host to Lechiguanas hantavirus(pathogenic to humans)this result encompasses epidemiological relevance,for it may imply the existence of local foci of ***,individuals of both species performed excursions outside their home *** events could enable hantavirus spread over distances beyond the normal range of movements and lead to new hantavirus outbreaks in formerly non-infected rodent populations,favoring the persistence of the virus in nature.

关键词： hantavirus home range intra-and interspecific contact rodent spatial ecology

Cross-talk between T-cells and gut-microbiota in neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第12期14卷 2091-2092页

作者： Rodrigo Pacheco departamento de Ciencias Biológicas Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad Andres Bello Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología Fundación Ciencia & Vida

The emerging role of gut microbiota as a key player in the development of neurodegenerative disorders: Mammals have evolved together with commensal microbiota to establish a symbiotic relationship in which they regulate reciprocally by synthesizing and responding to several common chemical substances. In this regard, gut microbiota constitutes a consortium of bacteria that not only participates in the degradation of nutrients, but also produces metabolites, fatty acids and neurotransmitters that can act on the enzymes and receptors expressed in eukaryotic cells, which considerably affects the physiology of the host and contribute to maintaining homeostasis (Lyte, 2013).

关键词： Cross-talk T-cells neurodegenerative disorders

Optimized high performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection method using core-shell particles for the therapeutic monitoring of methotrexate

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第2期6卷 103-111页

作者： milagros montemurro maría m.de zan juan c.robles laboratorio de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos Facultad de Bioqufmica y Ciendas Biologicas Universidad Nacional del Litoral Santa Fe Argentina

Methotrexate （MTX） is an antineoplastic drug, and due to its high toxicity, the therapeutic drug mon- itoring is strictly conducted in the clinical practice. The chemometric optimization and validation of a high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method using core-shell particles is presented for the determination of MTX in plasma during therapeutic monitoring. Experimental design and response surface methodology （RSM） were applied for the optimization of the chromatographic system and the analyte extraction step. A Poroshel1120 EC-C18 （3.0 mm × 75 mm, 2.7 μm） column was used to obtain a fast and efficient separation in a complete run time of 4 min. The optimum conditions for the chroma- tographic system resulted in a mobile phase consisting of acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer solution （85.0 mM, pH =4.00） and 11.2% of acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Selectivity, linearity, accuracy and precision were demonstrated in a range of 0.10-6.0 μM of MTX. The application of the optimized method required only 150μL of patient plasma and a low consumption of solvent to provide rapid re- sults.

关键词： HPLC Core-shell particles Methotrexate Drug monitoring

Current status of the genetic susceptibility in attenuated adenomatous polyposis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第12期11卷 1101-1114页

作者： Víctor Lorca Pilar Garre laboratorio de Oncología Molecular Grupo de Investigación Clínica y Traslacional en OncologíaHospital Clínico San CarlosMadrid 28040Spain laboratorio de Oncología Molecular Servicio de OncologíaHospital Clínico San CarlosMadrid 28040Spain

Adenomatous polyposis(AP)is classified according to cumulative adenoma number in classical AP(CAP)and attenuated AP(AAP).Genetic susceptibility is the major risk factor in CAP due to mutations in the known high predisposition genes APC and ***,the contribution of genetic susceptibility to AAP is lower and less *** predisposition genes have been recently proposed,and some of them have been validated,but their scarcity hinders accurate risk estimations and prevalence *** is a heterogeneous condition in terms of severity,clinical features and ***,clinicians do not have strong discriminating criteria for the recommendation of the genetic study of known predisposition genes,and the detection rate is *** and knowledge of new AAP high predisposition genes are of great importance to offer accurate genetic counseling to the patient and family *** review aims to update the genetic knowledge of AAP,and to expound the difficulties involved in the genetic analysis of a highly heterogeneous condition such as AAP.

关键词： Attenuated adenomatous polyposis Genetic susceptibility High predisposition gene Genetic heterogeneity Colorectal cancer

Erythrocyte invasions and receptor heterogeneity in field isolates of Nanay river basin Iquitos

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第8期5卷 589-593页

作者： Kuppusamy Chenniappan Sarah H Johns laboratorio de Investigacion deproductos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonia UNAPPampa chicaIquitosPeru 065

Objective:To determine whether the requirements for sialic acid varies and whether several types of silaic acid independent receptors utilized for invasion mechanisms of fresh filed isolates collected around Nanay river basin,***:The field isolates were cultured as described previously by Jensen and Trager and MR4 protocol with little *** erythrocytes preparation and subsequent enzyme treatment was done as described previously by *** little *** assay was performed as described previously by Sharma et al with little ***:The Nanay river basin isolates showed five types of invasion mechanisms or types of receptors-ligand *** we observed that an equal numbers of neuraminidase sensitive and resistant invasion receptor-ligand interaction profiles as the most common receptor-ligand invasion *** resistance trypsin sensitive chymotrypsin sensitive(NM_RT_SCT_S) invasion of receptor-ligand interaction profile was found in seven isolates,Five field isolates and one reference strain showed neuraminidase sensitive, trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin resistant(NM_RT_SCT_R) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions, six isolates including one reference strains dd2 showed neuraminidase sensitive,trypsin and chymotrypsin resistance(NM_ST_RCT_R) indicating its dependence on sialic acids and independence of trypsin and chymotrypsin sensitive *** isolates showed neuraminidase sensitive, trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin sensitive(NM_ST_SCT_S) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions, seven isolates were neuraminidase resistant,trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin resistance (NM_RT_SCT_R) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions,indicating its dependence on trypsin sensitive ***:The Nanay river basin isolates showed five types of invasion mechanisms or types of receptors-ligand interactions.A full understanding of theses invasion mechanisms may allow the developm

关键词： Nanay river basin Invasion Sialic acid Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

Assessing conservation practices in Amalacaxco Gorge (Izta-Popo National Park, Central Mexico) using fallout 137Cs and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第3期15卷 447-460页

作者： MUNOZ-SALINAS E CASTILLO M departamento de Geología Regional Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad UniversitariaCiudad de MexicoMexico laboratorio Nacional de Geoquimicay Mineralogia Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de Mexico Mexico

This study aims to assess conservation practices in Izta-Popo National Park(Central Mexico) by evaluating the mechanisms of sediment transfer. We applied a methodology based on fallout ^(137)Cs and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) analysis. This was tested in the upper catchment of Amalacaxco Gorge, selected for being one of the sectors of the park in which man-made actions have been implemented in last decades to favor forest growth in the alpine grassland and to reduce the effect of water runoff. We quantified the ^(137)Cs activity using gamma and beta spectrometry of fine sediment grains extracted from the surface of parcels of 0.4 m2 in areas of natural forest, natural alpine grassland, alpine grassland with conservation practices, ravines and trails. In general, ^(137)Cs values increases as local slope decreases as it was expected. The natural forest is the most stable area in terms of soil erosion and sediment accumulation and, mean ^(137)Cs activity was taken as reference to assess cumulative zones, with higher ^(137)Cs values and erosive, with lower. We found that trails are accumulative surfaces but in other areas, erosion predominates. Man-made ditches, trenches and afforestation in the alpine grassland have higher ^(137)Cs values than thenatural grassland, which indicates that conservation practices are limiting the sediment transfer from hillslopes to channels, however, soil retention is less than in the natural grassland. Additionally, we evaluated the luminescence(OSL) values obtained from samples extracted from the sediment transported in ravines that are cutting into different sectors of the study area to assess the grade of resetting of fluvial materials. These luminescence results indicated that the sediment transported in ravines that are cutting into the natural forest and alpine grassland is bleached more efficiently than the sediment transported in the alpine grassland with conservation practices. Results of fallout ^(137)Cs and luminesce

关键词： Sediment transfer Soil erosion Natural protected areas Alpine grassland Caesium-137 Optically stimulated luminescence

Absence of galectin-3 attenuates neuroinflammation improving functional recovery after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第1期11卷 92-93页

作者： Caio Andrade Prins Fernanda Martins Almeida Ana Maria Blanco Martinez laboratorio de Neurodegeneracao e Reparo-departamento de Patologia-Faculdade de Medicina-HUCFF-UFRJ-Rio de Janeiro-RJ Brazil Instituto de Ciencia Biomedicas UFRJRio de JaneiroRJBrazil

After spinal cord injury （SCI）, a cascade of events begins. At first, there is physical damage with disruption of the blood-brain barrier （BBB） and the integrity of the nervous tissue. The disruption of central ner- vous system （CNS） BBB alters the endothelial permeability, the protein and chemokines expression and the propensity to release in situ inflam- matory cytokines, overcoming anti-inflammatory signals, facilitating the attraction and entry of immune system cells into the injured spinal cord parenchyma （Gaudet et al., 2011）. As a result, there is a neuroin- flammatory response with changes in blood flow, edema, cell infiltra- tion, apoptosis and release of axonal growth inhibitory factors. Nerve function loss occurs when the nerve impulse propagation is interrupted and do not reach its target. This disorder encompasses neuron and glia apoptosis, accompanied by Wallerian degeneration of disconnected axons, and CNS cells exposure to a hostile microenvironment that hampers axon regeneration （Mautes et al., 2000; Harkey et al., 2003）.

关键词： galectin disruption permeability facilitating attraction cascade macrophages cytokines morphologic exposure

Resveratrol as an inductor of autophagy: is there a unique pathway of activation?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 101-103页

作者： Narayana Pineda-Ramírez Penélope Aguilera laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral.Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico

Autophagy is a process of cellular degradation for the removal of damaged components and eventual recycling of the resulting molecules that help to the maintenance of cellular *** this pathway,proteins with relatively long half-life and whole organelles(e.g.,mitochondria,peroxisomes,and ribosomes)are degraded in the cytoplasm for the continuous turnover of cellular structures to facilitate their ***,the beneficial effect of autophagy goes beyond cellular“cleaning”and resides to a large extent on its ability to recycle cell components back into the ***,autophagy is a fundamental mechanism to regulate cellular functions,including DNA repair,proliferation,differentiation,embryonic development,and the immune response.

关键词： homeostasis activation autophagy