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Technical-Economic Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality of COBB500 Broilers Fed Rations Incorporating Mango By-Product Feeds in Ivory Coast (West Africa)

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Open Journal of Animal sciences 2024年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Timbilfou Kiendrébéogo Alidjata Traoré etienne Sodre Drissa Barry Isidor Ouedraogo Marcelle Grace Koidja Vianney Tarpaga Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Laboratoire de Recherches en Production et Santé Animales (LAREPSA) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Laboratoire Central d’Horticulture (LCH) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire d’etude des Ressources Naturelles et des sciences de l’environnement (lERNSE) Ecole Doctorale Sciences Naturelles et Agronomie (ED-SNA) Université Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Université Catholique de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (UCAO) Section du Burkina Faso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Direction Régionale de l’Agriculture des Ressources Animales et Halieutiques de l’Est Fada Burkina Faso

The study evaluated the growth performance and carcass quality of COBB500 broilers fed two experimental rations incorporating feed and mango fine ED10 for a batch of 83 birds, ED20 (batch of 83 birds) in comparison with a commercial control ration CCD (84 birds). For this purpose, 250 day-old chicks of this breed were purchased in Korhogo and transported to Tengréla in Ivory Coast for rearing. The results show that substituting mango provender ans and mango seed flour for maize resulted in rations with costs per kgMS of 215.35FCFA, 2016.93FCFA and 320FCFA for the ED10, ED20 and CCD rations respectively. The production costs per kg of chicken (FCPkglW) of the CCD ration were significantly higher than those of the ED10 and ED20 (p 0.05). ADGs were significantly different and decreasing from CCD, ED20 to ED10 (p 0.05). Average weights at 42nd day for ED20 and CCD were homogeneous (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than for ED10 (p 0.05). By day 49th the average weight of ED20 had reached and exceeded that of CCD by day 42nd. PSlW, HCW and CCW were significantly different and decreasing from CCW, ED20 to ED10 (p 0.05). Average hot (HCY) and cooled (CCY) carcass yields of ED20 and CCD rations were comparable (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than those of ED10 ration (p = 0.009) and 0.003). Average drumstick and neck weights were significantly higher and lower for CCD, ED20 and ED10 (p 0.05). For all other parts of the cut, the average weights of the CCD ration were significantly higher (p 0.05) than those of the ED20 and ED10 rations, which were homogeneous (p 0.05). The incorporation of mango provender and mango seed flour in broiler rations offers the prospect of reduced production costs, less competition between man and animals over cereals, and lean meat production tha

关键词： Broiler COOB 500 Chickens Mango Feed Carcass Characteristics Tengrela Ivory Coast

Experimental Investigation of the Stability of the Performance Characteristics of a Photovoltaic Module in the Face of Environmental and Meteorological Factors

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Open Journal of Applied sciences 2024年第2期14卷 589-608页

作者： Adingra Paul Arsène Kouassi Siaka Touré Diakaridja Traoré laboratoire des sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences des Structures de la Matière et Technologie (UFR-SSMT) Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

The explosive technological improvement of photovoltaic systems as well as the necessity of populations to come to less expensive energy sources, that have led to an implosion at the level of solar panel manufacturers. This causes a large flow of these equipments to developing countries where the need is high, without any quality control. That conducted an experimental investigation on the performance characteristics of a 250 wp monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module in other to check the verification and quality control. Most of these PV panels which often have missing informations are manufactured and tested in places that are inadequate for our environmental and meteorological conditions. Also, their influences on the stability of internal parameters were evaluated in order to optimize their performance. The results obtained at maximum illumination (1000 w/m2) confirmed those produced by the manufacturer. The analysis of these characteristics showed that the illumination and the temperature (meteorological factors) influenced at most the stability of the internal characteristics of the module in the sense that the maximum power increased very rapidly beyond 750 w/m2 but a degradation of performance was accentuated for a temperature of the solar cells exceeding 50°C. The degradation coefficients were evaluated at -0.0864 V/°C for the voltage and at -1.6248 w/°C for the power. The 10° inclination angle of the solar panel proved to be ideal for optimizing overall efficiency in practical situations.

关键词： Renewables Energies Instruments Internal Parameters of Photovoltaic Panel Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Panel Solar Energy Production Energy Intermittence

Multivariate Approach to Characterizing Soil Quality of Gabonese’s Ferralitic Soils

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第4期14卷 237-268页

作者： Neil-Yohan Musadji Rolf Gaël Mabicka Obame Michel Mbina Mounguengui Jean Aubin Ondo lydie-Stella Koutika Eric Ravire Claude Geffroy laboratoire De Chimie Des Milieux et Des Mat&#233riaux Inorganiques Laboratoire D&#8217Analyse Des Sols et Environnement D&#233partement Des Sciences Fondamentales De L&#8217Ing&#233nieur Institut National D&#8217Agronomie et De Biotechnologies Universit&#233 Des Sciences et Techniques De Masuku Franceville Gabon Institut De Chimie des Milieux et Maté riaux De Poitiers (IC2MP) Universit&#233 De Poitiers Poitiers France laboratoire De Chimie Des Milieux et Des Mat&#233riaux Inorganiques Laboratoire D&#8217Analyse Des Sols et Environnement D&#233partement De Phytotechnologie Institut National D&#8217Agronomie et De Biotechnologies Universit&#233 Des Sciences et Techniques De Masuku Franceville Gabon Dé partement De G&#233ologie Facult&#233 Des Sciences Universit&#233 Des Sciences et Techniques De Masuku Franceville Gabon laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire des sciences Ecole Normale Sup&#233rieure Libreville Gabon Centre De Recherche Sur la Productivité et La Durabilit&#233 Des Plantations Industrielles Pointe Noire Republic of Congo Sucaf Gabon Somdiaa Franceville Gabon

Assessing soil quality is essential for crop management and soil temporal changes. The present study aims to evaluate soil quality in the Ferralitic soils context countrywide. This assessment was done using multivariate soil quality indice (SQI) models, such as additive quality index (AQI), weighted quality indexes (WQIadd and WQIcom) and Nemoro quality index (NQI), applied to two approaches of indicator selection: total data set (TDS) and minimum data set (MDS). Physical and chemical soil indicators were extracted from the ORSTOM’s reports resulting from a sampling campaign in different provinces of Gabon. The TDS approach shows soil quality status according to eleven soil indicators extracted from the analysis of 1,059 samples from arable soil layer (0 - 30 cm depth). The results indicated that 87% of all provinces presented a very low soil quality (Q5) whatever the model. Among soil indicators, exchangeable K+ and Mg2+, bulk density and C/N ratio were retained in MDS, using principal component analysis (PCA). In the MDS approach, 50 to 63% of provinces had low soil quality grades with AQI, WQIadd and NQI, whereas the total was observed with WQIcom. Only 25% of provinces had medium soil quality grades with AQI and NQI models, while 12.5% (NQI) and 25% (AQI) presented high quality grades. Robust statistical analyses confirmed the accuracy and validation (0.80 r P ≤ 0.016) of AQI, WQIadd and NQI into the TDS and MDS approaches. The same sensitivity index value (1.53) was obtained with AQI and WQIadd. However, WQIadd was chosen as the best SQI model, according to its high linear regression value (R2 = 0.82) between TDS and MDS. This study has important implications in decision-making on monitoring, evaluation and sustainable management of Gabonese soils in a pedoclimatic context unfavorable to plant growth.

关键词： Gabon Ferralitic Soil Soil Indicators Standard Score Function Soil Quality Indices Sustainable Soil Soil Management

Feeding Practices and Use of lysine and Methionine in Pigrationing on Intensified Pig Breeding in the West Center and Hauts Bassins Regions of Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Animal sciences 2024年第1期14卷 23-38页

作者： Isidor Zangbéwindin Ouedraogo Timbilfou Kiendrebeogo Aboubacar Toguyeni Chantal Yvette Kabore-Zoungrana laboratoire d’etudes et de Recherches sur les Ressources Naturelles et les sciences de l’environnement (lERNSE) Universit&#233 Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire de Recherche et d’etudes en Production et Santé Animales (lAREPSA) D&#233partement Productions Animales (DPA) l’Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Station de Farako-B&#226 Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire Central d’Horticulture (lCH) Station de Recherche de Farako-B&#226 Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Ministère de l’Agriculture des Ressources Animales et Halieutiques (MARAH) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The aim of the study was to assess feeding practices and the use of lysine and methionine in pig rationing on intensified and semi-intensive pig breeding in the Koudougou and Bobo-Dioulasso areas. To this end, a cross-sectional survey was carried out on 87 breeding in these towns. A Discriminant Factorial Analysis (DFA) confirming a k-means classification of the data collected was used to retain 71 breeding divided into three breeding classes: Class A (32.4% of breeding), Class B (14.08%) and Class C (53.52%). The results show that the majority of pig breeders were men between the ages of 36 and 59. Average herd sizes were 35 ± 28;79 ± 42 and 89 ± 21 pigs for Classes A, B and C respectively. The main breeds of pig found on the breeding were crossbred, large white, local, landrace and duroc. Class A (26.1%), B (30%) and C (15.8%) breeders were familiar with both lysine and methionine. Class A breeders distributed feed staggered (65.2%) and in rations (34.8%). lysine (13%) and methionine (8.7%) were purchased at 5250 FCFA/kg. Those in class B distributed feed staggered (50%) and in the form of rations (50%), in which they incorporated lysine (30%) and methionine (30%) purchased at a cost of 2500 FCFA/kg and 3000 FCFA/kg respectively. Rationing and staggered feeding were practiced by 23.7% and 76.3% of Class C breeders respectively. Only lysine purchased at 3400 FCFA/kg was incorporated into rations by 10.5% of breeders. The high cost of lysine and methionine was incriminated by Class A (100%), B (33.3%) and C (50%) breeders. In conclusion, intensive pig breeding, the practice of rationing and the incorporation of the amino acids lysine and methionine are of ascending importance from classes C, A to B. The high cost of feedstuffs, particularly lysine and methionine, compromises their use in rations, which could have a negative impact on expected breeding performance. The screening and use of feeds rich in and/or enriched with these amino acids, through the development

关键词： Feeding Practices lysine Methionine Intensive Pig Breeding Burkina Faso

Seasonal compensation implied no weakening of the land carbon sink in the Northern Hemisphere under the 2015/2016 El Niño

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第1期67卷 281-294页

作者： Fangzhong SHI Xiuchen WU Xiaoyan lI Philippe CIAIS Hongyan lIU Chao YUE Yuting YANG Shulei ZHANG Shushi PENG Yi YIN Benjamin POUlTER Deliang CHEN State Key laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key laboratory of Tibetan Plateau land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810016China Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering Beijing Normal University(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519085China laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l’environnement(lSCE) CEA-CNRS-UVSQUMR821291191Gif-sur-YvetteFrance College of Urban and Environmental Science MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong laboratory(Zhuhai) School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA 91125USA Biospheric sciences laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Regional climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg SE-40530Sweden

The recurrent extreme El Niño events are commonly linked to reduced vegetation growth and the land carbon sink over many but discrete regions of the Northern Hemisphere(NH).However,we reported here a pervasive and continuous vegetation greening and no weakened land carbon sink in the maturation phase of the 2015/2016 El Niño event over the NH(mainly in the extra-tropics),based on multiple evidences from remote sensing observations,global ecosystem model simulations and atmospheric CO_(2)*** discovered a significant compensation effect of the enhanced vegetation growth in spring on subsequent summer/autumn vegetation growth that sustained vegetation greening and led to a slight increase in the land carbon sink over the spring and summer of 2015(average increases of 23.34%and 0.63%in net ecosystem exchange from two independent datasets relative to a 5-years average before the El Niño event,respectively)and spring of 2016(6.82%),especially in the extra-tropics of the NH,where the water supply during the pre-growing-season(November of the previous year to March of the current year)had a positive *** seasonal compensation effect was much stronger than that in 1997 and 1998 and significantly alleviated the adverse impacts of the 2015/2016 El Niño event on vegetation growth during its maturation *** legacy effect of water supply during the pre-growing-season on subsequent vegetation growth lasted up to approximately six *** findings highlight the role of seasonal compensation effects on mediating the land carbon sink in response to episodic extreme El Niño events.

关键词： El Niño Seasonal compensation effect Vegetation greening land carbon sink Net ecosystem exchange legacy effect

Physical Transformations on Organic Product during Its Convective Drying: Case of Sweet Potato

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2024年第2期15卷 25-34页

作者： Ouoba Kondia Honoré Ganamé Abdou-Salam Compaoré Aboubakar Ibrango Abdoul Salam Bama Désiré Zougmoré Francois desmorieux Hélène laboratoire de Matriaux de lHliophysique et environnement (la.M.H.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliques (UFR/SEA) Universit Nazi BONI Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire des Matriaux et environnement (lA.M.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Applique (UFR/SEA) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de lenvironnement (lPCE) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie (ED-ST) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire dAutomatique et de Gnie des Procds(lAGEP) Universit Claude Bernard Lyon France

This study highlighted the physical transformation that agri-food products undergo during their drying. This transformation enormously affects the customer’s choice and the profit margin of the dried product promoter. The example of the experimental study of the potato reveals that the product continually changes its dimensions during its drying. The more the product loses its water, the more the dimensions decrease. The results initially showed that the water parameters such as mass or water content decrease according to the drying principle. The dimensions length l., width l and thickness e. decrease following a linear trend whose mathematical equations which describe them are determined using the office tool, excel. This trend has repercussions on the surface and volume parameters which in turn decreases almost linearly with the product’s water content. Note that the coefficient R2 is not always acceptable, confirming the complex nature of the behavior of organic products.

关键词： Dimensions Reduction Shrinkage Index I

Optimized Adsorption of Small and Medium Molecules by a Biosorbent Based on Hevea Hulls

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第9期12卷 69-83页

作者： Djedjess Essoh Jules César Meledje Yapo Hermann Aristide Yapi David léonce Kouadio Djamatchè Paul Valéry Akesse Kolo Yeo laboratoire des sciences Physiques Fondamentales et appliques Ecole Normale Suprieure dAbidjan Abidjan Cte dIvoire Mathmatiques physiques Chimie Physique UFR Environnement Universit Jean Lorougnon Gud Daloa Cte dIvoire

In the context of the recovery of agricultural waste, many researches have focused on the preparation of adsorbents from natural waste from fruit trees, egg shells, palm waste or sawdust. This work aims to optimize the preparation of a biosorbent from rubber hulls by studying its ability to adsorb small and medium molecules. The influence of parameters such as drying temperature (X1), particle size (X2), stirring time (X3) and sodium hypochloride mass (X4) was studied. The results indicate that the model used for biosorbent optimization on methylene blue and iodine index is significant. In addition, this model has greater adsorption capabilities on small molecules than with large molecules. Statistical analysis of the data shows that temperature is the most influential factor in the adsorption of small molecules. On the other hand, particle size has a significant influence on the adsorption of large molecules. The optimum biosorbent preparation values are 1.0 for drying temperature (X1), −1.0 for biosorbent grain size (X2), 1.0 for stirring time (X3) and 1.0 for sodium hypochloride mass (X4).

关键词： Optimization Biosorbent Methylene Blue Index Iodine Index Rubber Hulls

Phytochemical Screening and Assays of Phenolic Compounds in Senna occidentalis l. leaf and Seed Extracts

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Food and Nutrition sciences 2024年第7期15卷 499-508页

作者： Edmond Antoine Badock lahat Niang Abdoulaye Dramé Célestine Nkounkou-loumpangou Omar Touré Omar Sokhna Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Mady Cissé Ecole Suprieure Polytechnique Laboratoire Eau Energie Environnement et Procds Industriels (LE3PI) Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal Ecole Suprieure Polytechnique Centre dEtudes sur la Scurit Alimentaire et les Molcules Fonctionnelles (CESAM-RESCIF) Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal laboratoire de Valorisation des Produits de la Biomasse Dpartement de Chimie Universit Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sngal Unit de Chimie du Vgtal et de la Vie Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Republic of the Congo laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bio-Organique Dpartement de Chimie Facult des Sciences et Techniques/UCAD Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal

Phytochemical screening and assay of secondary metabolites, crude extracts with distilled water, aqueous methanol, aqueous acetone and aqueous ethanol of leaves and seeds of Senna occidentalis l. were studied in this work. The aim was to verify the distribution of secondary metabolites according to S. occidentalis organs. Four leaf samples from four different localities (South, East, West and Central Senegal) and a mixed sample of seeds were used. Functional molecules such as polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins were then assessed in the leaves and seeds using various standard methods. The results show that Senna occidentalis l. leaf and seed samples display an identical and homogeneous profile, regardless of locality. They contain secondary metabolites and the polyphenol content of extracts from southern, eastern, western and central leaves is: 0.620 - 0.539 - 0.811 - 0.573 g GAE/100 g DM;flavonoids: 0.064 - 0.074 - 0.130 - 0.101 g CE/100 g DM and tannins: 0.326 - 0.264 - 0.269 - 0.494 g TAE/100 g DM. The efficacy of S. occidentalis l. infusions in therapy is thus justified by the presence of these metabolites, whose biological properties are well known. It is then possible to explore isolation of active principles of Senna occidentalis l. leaves and even seeds for producing medicines.

关键词： Senna occidentalis l. Total Polyphenols Flavonoids Tannins

Towards an enhanced interpretation of δ18O changes during the past 300 kyr over Asia

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National Science Review 2022年第11期9卷 63-64页

作者： Gilles Ramstein laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l’environnement LSCE/IPSL CEA-CNRS-UVSQUniversite Paris-Saclay

For many decades, the impact of orbital forcing on monsoon systems has been intensively studied. Rapidly, attention has been drawn to the Mid-Holocene due to the ’Green Sahara’, which was depicted, using many different proxies, as much more humid than the present-day desert. It also corresponds to enhanced Asian monsoons [1]. climate models have been used to simulate this period.

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