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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第16期6卷 1514-1521页

作者： Carine C. Hedji Fré dé ric M. Houndonougbo Ulbad P. Tougan Marcel R. B. Houinato Didier E. Fiogbe Dé partement de Zoologie Facult&eacute des Sciences et Techniques Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Humides (LRZH) Abomey-Calavi B&eacute nin

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of unconventional food resources on the quality of pig meat. 90 pigs of which 20 were slaughtered at 180 days old for meat quality evaluation. It came out from the study that the highest L* and b* were obtained in A0 commercial feed, while the highest a* was recorded in A3 (P Longissimus dorsi) were lower in control group than in experimental groups. The cooking loss and water-holding capacity of the meat from A4 were higher than those of other treatments. Luminance, redness, yellowness, chroma values and pH of the pork had increased during the post-mortem aging time for the both diet treatments while the hue value decreased (P < 0.05). Nutritionally, the protein content, the fat content, the dry matter content and the ash content varied respectively from 24.45% to 26.87%, 0.52% to 1.6%, 26% to 27.5% and 1.1% to 1.79% with the highest protein contents found in meat from unconventional feed A4 (P < 0.01) while the highest fat content (1.6%) was obtained from meat of the control group A0 (P < 0.001). The texture of the meat from the control group was better than those of experimental groups (P < 0.01). Overall, unconventional diet based on Azolla and Moringa improves technological and nutritional pork quality.

关键词： Pig Meat Quality Unconventional Diet Benin

Growth, Mortality Parameters and Exploitation Rate of West African Ilisha (Ilisha africanaBloch, 1795, Clupeidae) off Benin Coastal Waters (West Africa): Implications for Management and Conservation

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2017年第3期7卷 327-342页

作者： Sossoukpe Edmond Azonningbo S. H. Wilfrid Fiogbe Emile Didier laboratoire de recherche sur les zones Humides Département de Zoologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey Calavi Benin

West African Ilisha was the third most abundant species of Clupeidae off Benin coastal waters after Sardinella spp and Ethmalosa frimbriata. The fishing effort of these fisheries increased with a dominance of small-sized specimens in the catches. This paper allowed updating some demographic parameters and the exploitation rate of Ilisha africana collected between July 2013 and June 2014 from the coastal waters of Benin for management and conservation of these fisheries. The growth pattern showed a negative allometric growth with an abundance of small-sized specimens. The von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF) estimations were: L∞= 21.31 cm standard length;K = 1.20 year-1;and t0 = -0.138 year. The total mortality rate (Z), natural mortality rate (M) and fishing mortality rate (F) were 4.040 year-1, 2.27 year-1 and 1.77 year-1 respectively. The Z/K ratio was 3.667 and the exploitation rate (E = F/Z) was 0.44 showing an under exploitation of this species. The estimated potential longevity (tmax) was 2.5 years. In addition, the fisheries management should be devolved from the state to the local level to compel fishermen to take greater responsibility for the sustainability and conservation of the fisheries such as size-limit regulation by gradually increasing fishing gears mesh size.

关键词： Ilisha africana Growth Parameters Mortality Exploitation Rate Benin

Using GIS and Geostatistical Techniques for Mapping Piezometry and Groundwater Quality of the Albian Aquifer of the M’zab Region, Algerian Sahara

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International Journal of Geosciences 2021年第3期12卷 253-279页

作者： Mansour Achour Moulay Idriss Hassani Hadjira Benhedid Abla Hadj Brahim laboratoire Géoresources Environnement & Risques Naturels (Géoren) University of Oran 2 MB Oran Algeria laboratoire de protection des écosystèmes dans les zones arides et semi-arides University of Ouargla Ouargla Algeria

The M’zab region is subject to an arid Saharan climate where surface and sub-surface waters are of little importance. The Albian Aquifer, commonly called Continental Intercalary (CI), main component of North Western Sahara Aquifer System (NWSAS/SASS), constitutes the most extensive aquifer formation of the region. In our study area, the CI is identified, as a regional subset, as the Albian Aquifer of M’zab Region (AAMR). Its groundwater resources are considered the only source available to meet the growing needs of drinking water supply, agriculture and industry. This aquifer is heavily exploited by a very large number of wells (more than 750). Its supply is very low, so it is a very low renewable layer. This requires periodic monitoring and control of its piezometric level and its physico- chemical quality. The objective of our study is to know the current state of this aquifer, while studying the variation of its piezometry for the period 2010

关键词： M’zab Albian NWSAS AAMR Groundwater Geostatistical

Feeding ecology of the mangrove oyster, Crassostrea gasar(Dautzenberg, 1891) in traditional farming at the coastal zone of Benin, West Africa

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Natural Science 2013年第12期5卷 1238-1248页

作者： Alphonse Adite Stanislas P. Sonon Ghelus L. Gbedjissi laboratoire de Parasitologie & Ecologie Parasitaire Département de Zoologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin PRECOB Unité de Recherches sur les Zones Humides (URZH) Département de Zoologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

Wild collection management and farming of the mangrove oyster (Crassostrea gasar) occurring widely at the Benin (West Africa) coastal zone require knowledge on the feeding ecology to explore energy sources and nutritional needs. Six hundred thirty (630) individuals of C. gasar have been sampled in the rearing site at the Benin coastal lagoon to investigate on the trophic ecology of this cultivated bivalve. The diet analysis revealed that C. gasar is a filter-feeder foraging mainly on phytoplankton (72.70%) and substrate particles (22.95%). This trophic specialization results from anatomical structure, mainly the presence of gills which facilitate the filtering of number of plankton taxa. Dominant phytoplanktons ingested comprised of Diatomophycea (33.52%), Chlorophycae (17.19%), Scenedesmacae (13.80%), Dictyosphaeriacae (3.79%), and Pleurococcacae (2.75%). Eight genuses of phytoplankton, Polycystis, Coelosphaerium, Protococcus, Botryoccocus, Crucigenia, Melosira, Cyclotella, and Gyrosigma dominated the diet of C. gasar with aggreated volumetric proportions reaching 69.06% of the diet. Higher occurrences were recorded mainly for Melosira occurring in 263 (41.75%) stomachs, substrate particles in 211 (33.49%), and Polycystis in 151 (23.97%). C. gasar exhibited a high niche breadths varying from 4.54 to 5.78, suggesting that this bivalve consumed a high variety of food items, thus exhibiting a degree of trophic plasticity. Diet overlaps (?jk) among different size classes were high and varied from 0.71 to 0.98, indicating an ontogenetic diet shift pattern in C. gasar. Probably, to adapt to the benthic-muddy environment and to increase survival, C. gasar has evolved a specialized feeding mechanism and strategy to retrieve only needed nutrients for growth and to reject awful and nondigestible foods. Also, at the oyster rearing grounds, there is an evidence of shift in the food web structure leading to an increase of the biological productivity at the coastal zone. The out

关键词： Conservation Crassostrea Diet Overlaps Farming Filter-Feeder Food Web Foraging Strategy Phytoplankton

Bacterial Inoculation and Co-Inoculation Improves Durum Wheat Productivity in Alkaline Calcareous Soils

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第12期93卷 3313-3329页

作者： Bouazza Chami Nabil Touzout Souad Guemouri-Athmani Djamel Baali-Cherif Adil Mihoub JakubČerný Muhammad Farhan Saeed Aftab Jamal Hayi Mohamed Yassine Yaser Hassan dewir Aurelio Scavo laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie des Organismes Facultédes Sciences BiologiquesUniversitédes Sciences et de la Technologie Houari BoumedieneBab EzzouarAlger16111Algérie department of Nature and Life Sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of MedeaMedea26000Algeria laboratoire de recherche sur les zones arides USTHB/ENSAAlger16111Algeria Biophysical Environment Station Center for Scientific and Technical Research on Arid RegionsTouggourt30240Algeria department of Silviculture Forestry and Game Management Research InstituteNa Olivě550Opočno51773Czech Republic department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusVehari61100Pakistan department of Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Crop Production SciencesThe University of AgriculturePeshawar25130Pakistan department of Math and Computer Science Faculty of SciencesPole Urban OuzeraUniversity of MedeaMedea26000Algeria department of Plant Production College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia department of Veterinary Sciences University of MessinaPolo Universitario dell’AnnunziataMessina98168Italy

Intensive agricultural practices have undeniably reduced soil fertility and crop ***,alkaline calcareous soils represent a significant challenge for agricultural production,particularly durum wheat,which is vital for ensuring food *** is therefore essential to explore new cereal management strategies to maintain food production and promote crop *** application of soil microorganisms,particularly plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR),as inoculants to enhance crop production is a growing area of *** study investigates the effects of the rhizobacteria Paenibacillus polymyxa SGH1 and SGK2,applied both individually and in combination,on the growth and productivity of durum wheat in alkaline calcareous *** conducted field experiments over two growing seasons using a randomized complete block design with three blocks,considering four treatments:non-inoculated wheat grains(T0),inoculation with the *** SGH1 strain(T1),inoculation with the *** SGK2 strain(T2),and co-inoculation with both strains(T3).The results clearly showed that SGH1 and SGK2 inoculation improved the morphometric characteristics of wheat plants,with co-inoculation of both strains that induced more pronounced improvements compared to T0 in terms of collar diameter(+16.9%),tillers plant-1(+89.8%),and SA/RA ratio(+35.5%).Co-inoculation was also the most effective treatment for improving the wheat grain yield(+41.1%in season I and+16.6%in season Ⅱ).In addition,T3 significantly increased the grain starch content(+220%).T1 determined the highest grain protein content in both seasons(9.5%in season Ⅰand 9.66%DW in season Ⅱ).This study demonstrated that bacterial inoculation and co-inoculation strategies can significantly enhance wheat productivity and grain quality in alkaline calcareous soils while reducing at the same time the ecological footprint of agriculture.

关键词： Paenibacillus polymyxa Triticum durum grain yield wheat technological quality microbial inoculation plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria

Ecology and Fish Biodiversity of Man-Made Lakes of Southern Benin (West Africa): Implications for Species Conservation and Fisheries Management

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第6期7卷 874-894页

作者： Houehanou M. A. G. Gbaguidi Alphonse Adite Edmond Sossoukpe laboratoire d’Ecologie et de Management des Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (LEMEA) Département de Zoologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Unité de recherches sur les zones Humides Département de Zoologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

Man-made lakes are alternative and potential habitats for biodiversity conservation, fisheries and extensive aquaculture. We investigated the ecology and the fish community structure of two (2) sand-dragged man-made lakes, Lake Ahozon and Lake Bewacodji of Southern Benin, with implications for species conservation, fisheries management and aquaculture valorization. From August 2014 to July 2015, habitats conditions were evaluated and fishes were sampled monthly with seine, cast net, experimental gill net and hooks in the open water and aquatic vegetation habitats of both lakes. Overall, the water quality of Lake Ahozon was globally favorable for the growth and the survival of the fish resources whereas Lake Bewacodji exhibited a poor water quality indicated mainly by an acid pH (mean: 6.32 ± 0.58) and low dissolved oxygen concentrations (mean: 3.52 ± 1.25 mg/l) caused by dense floating plants, Nymphea sp mainly and huge daily dumping of domestic wastes. The study revealed low species richness, d = 5.89 and d = 3.87, and low species diversity, H’ = 0.76 and H’ = 0.48 for Lakes Ahozon and Bewacodji, respectively, with Lake Ahozon more diverse than Lake Bewacodji. The fish community of Lake Ahozon comprised six (6) species, 3 cichlids Sarotherodon galilaeus, Oreochromis niloticus and Tilapia guineensis, the silver catfish, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Claroteidae), the African bonytongue, Heterotis niloticus (Osteoglossidae), and the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae). Numerically, S. galilaeus dominated Lake Ahozon and made 85.21% of the sample. In Lake Bewacodji, the fish composition comprised four (4) species, Sarotherodon galilaeus multifasciatus, the dominant species making numerically 91.58% of the total sample, T. guineensis, C. gariepinus and C. nigrodigitatus. With regard to trophic structure, the fish assemblages of both lakes were numerically dominated by planktinovores/ detritivores, mainly S. galilaeus, O. niloticus, T. guineensis and C. nigro

关键词： Conservation Diversity Domestic Wastes Fisheries Habitat degradation Management Man-Made Lakes Sand-Dragging Sarotherodon galilaeus

Feeding Ecology and Establishment of the Naturally-Colonized Freshwater Cichlid, Sarotherodon galilaeus (Pisces: Actinopterigii: Perciformes) from a Man-Made Lake, South-Benin, West Africa

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Natural Resources 2016年第6期7卷 337-355页

The freshwater cichlid, Sarotherodon galilaeus (Linné, 1758) is an economically and commercially important fisheries species that has naturally colonized and dominated a sand-dragged man-made freshwater lake of Ahozon (South-Benin) where the species made about 85.21% of the fish community. We investigated the feeding ecology of S. galilaeus in order to evaluate resource exploitation and the establishment of this species in Lake Ahozon. During wet, flood and dry seasons, 1189 individuals of S. galilaeus have been monthly sampled in the open water and in the aquatic vegetation habitats. The study showed that S. galilaeus consumed about seventy (70) food items dominated by algae (52.88%) composed of 28 families and 52 genera from blue-green algae, green algae, desmids, and diatoms, sand particles (23.95%), detritus (12.27%) and protozoans (7.68%). Minor preys were rotifers, copepods, cladodera, crustacea and insect parts. Foods items with higher diet occurrence were sand particles with a percentage occurrence of 72.33%, detritus (69.47%), and some algae such as Scenedesmus (58.96%), Closterium (55.68%), and Microcystis (51.30%). Significant (P ≤ 0.05) ontogenetic variations of empty stomachs were recorded. S. galilaeus exhibited a wide diet breadth (DB) ranging between 5.55 and 7.29 that tended to increase with fish sizes. Diet overlaps (Øjk) varied from 0.77 to 0.97, indicating high diet similarities between different life stage categories. The slope b = 0.560 obtained from Log (body weight)-Log (gut length) linear regression, and the mean ratio of GL/SL = 6.72 ± 2.23 support our findings that S. galilaeus exhibited detritivorous, herbivorous and omnivorous food habits. The broad spectrum of food resources consumed/utilized and the high diet breadth recorded leading to allometric growth, the active breeding and the high propagation of the species, were some indicators of the successful establishment of S. galilaeus in the man-made lake of Ahozon. Sustainable fi

关键词： Algae Artificial Lake Diet Breadth Diet Similarities Ecomorphology Establishment Fisheries Foraging Grounds Tilapine Species

Diet breadth variation and trophic plasticity behavior of the African bonytongue Heterotis niloticus(Cuvier, 1829) in the SôRiver-Lake Hlan aquatic system (Benin, West Africa): Implications for species conservation and aquaculture development

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Natural Science 2013年第12期5卷 1219-1229页

作者： Alphonse Adite Adam Gbankoto Ibrahim Imorou Toko Emile Didier Fiogbe Département de Physiologie Animale Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey- Calavi Cotonou Bénin Faculté d’Agronomie Université de Parakou (UNIPAR) Parakou Bénin PRECOB Unité de Recherches sur les Zones Humides Département de Zoologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

The African bonytongue, Heterotis niloticus (Pisces: Osteoglossidae), is an omnivore foraging mainly on aquatic insects, microcrustacea, seeds and detritus. We examined the diet breadth and the trophic plasticity behavior of this species (1461 specimens) in the S? River and Lake Hlan water system located in the southern Benin (West Africa). Overall, the mean diet breadths of the two populations of Heterotis from both habitats were not significantly (p ≥ 0.05) different and were not associated with seasons. However, in Lake Hlan, mean diet breadths tended to increase with size (r = 0.81) and gut length (r = 0.82) indicating that bonytongues ingest a broader range of food resources as they grow. In both habitats, the positive correlation of both standard length (Log SL) and gut length (Log GL) with the volumetric proportions of detritus and with the volumetric proportions of seeds suggests that the consumption of these two food resources increased with the size of Heterotis and with the development of the digestive tract. Likewise, the negative correlation of both (Log SL) and (Log GL) with the volumetric proportions of aquatic insects and with the volumetric proportions of microcrustacea suggests that the consumption of these two food categories decreased as the size and the gut length of Heterotis increased. The differences in the consumption of microcrustacea (13.77% in Lake Hlan versus 2.63% in S? River) and mollusks (0.73% in Lake Hlan versus 4.91% in S? River) evidenced that Heterotis shifts his trophic structure according to resource availlability in the habitat. This foraging behavior suggests a degree of trophic plasticity in Heterotis. The specialized morphological structure of Heterotis, mainly the presence of a relatively high number of gill rakers (42 - 94 rakers on the first branchial arch) during its whole life, allowing sieving of zooplankton and other microcrustacea, and the presence of the gizzard favored this trophic plasticity. The broader diet bre

关键词： African Bonytongues Aquaculture Conservation Diet Breadth Foraging Behavior Gill Raker Omnivore Trophic Plasticity

Fish Assemblages in the degraded Mangrove Ecosystems of the Coastal Zone, Benin, West Africa: Implications for Ecosystem Restoration and Resources Conservation

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第12期4卷 1461-1475页

作者： Alphonse Adite Ibrahim ImorouToko Adam Gbankoto Département de Physiologie Animale Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin. Faculté d’Agronomie Université de Parakou (UNIPAR) Parakou Bénin PRECOB Unité de Recherches sur les Zones Humides (URZH) Département de Zoologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

Mangrove forests are unique habitats in their function as potential food source and nurseries, and support an important fisheries resource. In the Benin coastal zone, the mangrove fishes have been surveyed to investigate fish species diversity, community structures and ecosystem degradation impacts in order to protect and to improve the mangrove fish resources. Results from wet, high-water and dry season samplings revealed that the two dominant mangrove species, Rizophora racemosa and Avicennia africana, are being intensively degraded for domestic use such as firewood and house building. Fifty one (51) fish species belonging to 25 families were recorded with Eleotridae (7 species), Cichlidae (5 species), and Mugilidae (5 species), the most speciose families. Dominant trophic guilds were detritivores (54.57%) and planktinovores/microcarnivores (30.41%). Six (6) species, Sarotherodon melanotheron, Dormitator lebretonis, Gerres melanopterus, Hemichromis fasciatus, Ethmalosa fimbriata, and Aplocheilichthys spilauchen, dominated the samples and accounted for about 80.27%. Sarotherodon melanotheron constituted the major dominant species and accounted numerically for about 29% of the total catches and 46.7% of the total biomass. The Margalef index of species richness ranged between 2.42 and 4.43, the Shannon-Weaver index of species diversity between 1.39 and 2.27, and the evenness between 0.50 and 0.62. Lower indices were observed for the highly degraded and the moderately degraded sites whereas higher indices were recorded for the less degraded and the restored sites. Species richness, species diversity and dominant species abundance were positively correlated with depth and transparency and negatively correlated with temperature. Multi-species fisheries dominate the coastal zone with Sarotherodon melanotheron, Dormitator lebretonis, Gerres melanopterus, Ethmalosa fimbriata, Liza falcipinus, Mugil sp. and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, the major species in the commercial ca

关键词： Conservation detritivores Diversity Evolutionary Process Fragmentized Habitats Hydroelectrical Dam Mangrove degradation Multi-Species Fisheries

In VitroGermination and Early Vegetative Growth of Five Tomato (Solanum lycopersicumL.) Varieties under Salt Stress Conditions

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第10期12卷 796-817页

作者： Abdou Khadre Sané Bassirou Diallo Aboubacry Kane Maurice Sagna Djibril Sané Mame Ourèye Sy laboratoire Campus de Biotechnologies végétales Département de Biologie Végétale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sénégal laboratoire Mixte International-Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes associés aux Stress Environnementaux (LMI-LAPSE) IRD ISRA UCAD Dakar Sénégal laboratoire National de recherches sur les Productions Végétales (LNRPV) Unité de recherche en culture in vitro (URCI) Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA) Dakar Sénégal

In Senegal, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivation is affected by salinity in many agro-ecological zones. The selection of salt tolerant varieties would be an alternative solution to enhance the production. Thus, germination and growth are studied under axenic conditions for five varieties of tomato subjected to increasing concentrations of NaCl [0, 35, 70 and 105 mM], and supplemented in an MS/2 medium for 30 days. The results reveal that salt negatively affects the evaluated parameters. The Rodeo and Lady Nema varieties have the lowest final germination rates (50%) unlike the Mongal variety (55%). These last two varieties have a decrease of 71.78% and 81.28% in the height of the stem, respectively, in the presence of NaCl at [105 mM] while that of the Rodeo variety is 70%. The Xewel variety has the greatest average number of leaves in the presence of [NaCl 35 mM] (4.95 leaves) and [NaCl 70 mM] (4.77 leaves). The Lady Nema variety records the longest taproot length (2.99 cm) unlike the Rodeo variety (2.25 cm) at [NaCl 105 mM]. The Ganila variety reveals the highest number of secondary roots at the concentrations of [0, 35 and 105 mM] of NaCl with, respectively, 4

关键词： Solanum lycopersicum NaCl Germination Growth Tolerance In Vitro Conditions

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