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Chilli Pepper (<i>Capsicum</i>Spp.) Diversity, Production and Fungal Contamination Management in Benin

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1859-1879页

作者： Nicéphore M. Glodjinon Agossou P. Noumavo Brice A. M. Ohin Noel S. Tovide Fatiou Toukourou Lamine Baba-Moussa Aly Savadogo Farid Baba-Moussa laboratoire de Microbiologie et des Technologies Alimentaires Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie Appliquée Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The present study was carried out in the form of a survey with the aim of listing and describing the technical itineraries of production, storage and conservation used in six departments of high production of chilli pepper in Benin. The survey was conducted on the basis of a questionnaire in the six departments of Benin: Ouémé, Plateau, Atlantic, Littoral, Zou and Collines. The survey collected information on the socio-economic characteristics of producers, the varieties of chilli pepper grown, and the current technical itineraries used for the production, storage and conservation of chilli pepper. On the other hand, it also gave an idea of the constraints that prevent the production of chilli pepper of good sanitary quality. The results of this survey show that three varieties of chilli peppers are the most produced and consumed in Benin. These are the Gbotakin variety (Capsicum chinense), the Afundja variety (Capsicum annuum) and the Danhomètakin variety (Capsicum frutescens). The technical itineraries related to the cultivation of these chilli peppers varieties are the same in the six study departments. Unfortunately, their contamination sometimes starts at the nursery stage, passing through the field where other contaminants are added and develop until harvest. After harvest, contamination can continue in storage and finally reach the consumer if proper measures are not taken. The inappropriate or inadequate use of phytosanitary products in the chilli pepper industry is also a source of illness for consumers of this vegetable fruit. Training of producers on the best technical itineraries for the production and storage of chilli peppers is essential to revitalize and develop this sector by improving the sanitary quality of the chilli peppers produced in Benin.

关键词： Chilli Pepper Capsicum Spp. Technical Itineraries Fungal Contamination Benin

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deterministic and Stochastic Schistosomiasis Models with General Incidence

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Applied Mathematics 2013年第12期4卷 1682-1693页

作者： Stanislas Ouaro Ali Traoré laboratoire d’Analyse Mathématique des Equations (LAME) Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées Département de Mathématiques Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

In this paper, deterministic and stochastic models for schistosomiasis involving four sub-populations are developed. Conditions are given under which system exhibits thresholds behavior. The disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if R0 ?and the unique endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when R0 >?1. The populations are computationally simulated under various conditions. Comparisons are made between the deterministic and the stochastic model.

关键词： Computational Simulation General Incidence Reproduction Number Schistosomiasis Model Stochastic Differential Equation

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Fungal diversity in adult date palm(Phoenix dactylifera L.) revealed by culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2013年第12期14卷 1084-1099页

作者： Ines Ben CHOBBA Amine ELLEUCH Imen AYADI Lamia KHANNOUS Ahmed NAMSI Frederique CERQUEIRA Noureddine DRIRA Néji GHARSALLAH Tatiana VALLAEYS laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées à l'Amélioration des Cultures LBVAAC Faculté des Sciences de SfaxB.P. 1171 3000 Sfax Tunisia UMR 5119 Université de Montpellier 2 Sciences et Techniques pl E. BataillonCC093 34095 Montpellier France laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax Université de Sfax Route Sidi MansourB.P. 1177 3018 Sfax Tunisia laboratoire de Phytopathologie Oasienne Centre Régional de Recherches en Agriculture Oasienne à DegacheDegache 2260 Tunisia Plateforme Séquen age-Génotypage SFR "Montpellier environnement Biodiversité" ISEM Université de Montpellier 234095 Montpellier France

endophytic flora plays a vital role in the colonization and survival of host plants, especially in harsh environments, such as arid regions. This flora may, however, contain pathogenic species responsible for various troublesome host diseases. The present study is aimed at investigating the diversity of both cultivable and non-cultivable endophytic fungal floras in the internal tissues(roots and leaves) of Tunisian date palm trees(Phoenix dactylifera). Accordingly, 13 isolates from both root and leaf samples, exhibiting distinct colony morphology, were selected from potato dextrose agar(PDA) medium and identified by a sequence match search wherein their 18S–28S internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequences were compared to those available in public databases. These findings revealed that the cultivable root and leaf isolates fell into two groups, namely Nectriaceae and Pleosporaceae. Additionally, total DNA from palm roots and leaves was further extracted and ITS fragments were amplified. Restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) analysis of the ITS from 200 fungal clones(leaves: 100; roots: 100) using HaeIII restriction enzyme revealed 13 distinct patterns that were further sequenced and led to the identification of Alternaria, Cladosporium, Davidiella(Cladosporium teleomorph), Pythium, Curvularia, and uncharacterized fungal endophytes. Both approaches confirmed that while the roots were predominantly colonized by Fusaria(members of the Nectriaceae family), the leaves were essentially colonized by Alternaria(members of the Pleosporaceae family). Overall, the findings of the present study constitute, to the authors' knowledge, the first extensive report on the diversity of endophytic fungal flora associated with date palm trees(P. dactylifera).

关键词： Date palm tree(Phoenix dactylifera) endophytic cultivable fungi rDNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS) Phylogenetic analysis Total DNA diversity analysis

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Vacancy Aggregation in Diamond Films grown in CH4＋H2 Atmosphere by MPCVD

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第12期24卷 3502-3505页

作者：刘燕燕张庆瑜 Elizabeth BAUER-GROSSE State Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ion and Electron Beams Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 laboratoire de Science et Gdnie des surfaces UMR 7570 Ecole des Mines Parc de Saurupt Nancy Cedex 54042 Prance

Transmission electron microscopy is applied to study the diamond film grown in a C114 and 1t2 gaseous mixture by microwave plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition. defects in the nanometre scale, dislocation loops, are first observed in diamond films. The dislocation loops are found to be of co-existence with planar defects and are next to the planar defects for {111} faceting grains. A possible mechanism is suggested to interpret the co-existence of dislocation loops with planar defects.

关键词： thermoelectric half-Heusler compounds thermal conductivity

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16S rRNA Gene-Based Metagenomic Analysis of Soil Bacterial Diversity in Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第9期13卷 477-498页

作者： Irène Marie Cécile Mboukou Kimbatsa Itsouhou Ngô Armel Ibala Zamba Faly Armel Soloka Mabika Thantique Moutali Lingouangou Joseph Goma-Tchimbakala etienne Nguimbi laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (BCM) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Unité de recherche en Bioinformatique et Microbiologie Moléculaire Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Institut National de recherche en Sciences Exactes et Naturelles (IRSen) Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Soil contains a great diversity of microorganisms, among which are bacteria. This study aimed to explore bacterial diversity in soil samples in Brazzaville in the Republic of the Congo. environmental DNA was extracted. The illumina MiSeq sequencing was held and the diversity indices have been computed. Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed 21 Phyla, four of which were abundant: Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Soil microbial communities in the studied samples were phylogenetically diverse but with a stable community structure. 17 classes are represented with relative abundances of Rihzobiales, Bacillales, Actinomycetales and Acidobacteriales. 40 families, the Alphaproteobacteria, the Bacilli and the 12 Actinobacteria. 83 orders among which the Rhizobiales are the most abundant followed by Bacillales and the least abundant followed by the Flavobacteriaceae. Of the 28 genera listed, the Bradyrhizobium is the most dominant in Mw3 and Mw4. 25 listed species, Bradyrhizobium, Bacillus, Actinoplanes, and Candidatu coribacter Acidobacterium are the most abundant species. The Shannon indices of Mw3 and Mw4 are equal, the H’max of Mw4 is greater than the H’max of Mw3. The Simpson index of Mw4 is equal to the Simpson index of Mw3, and the Pielou index (J) of Mw4 is less than the R of Mw3, but very close. This study opens interesting perspectives on the knowledge and exploitation of telluric bacteria in several areas of life.

关键词： Metagenomic Sequencing 16S rRNA Gene Soil Bacteria

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Negative Impacts of the Practices of Acadjas on the Aheme Lake in Benin

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Journal of environmental Protection 2014年第4期5卷 301-309页

作者： Comlan Achille dedjiho Abdoukarim Alassane Waris Chouti etienne Sagbo Odilon Changotade Daouda Mama Moussa Boukari Dominique C. K. Sohounhloue 1laboratoire d’Hydrologie Appliquée (LHA) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin 2Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique et de l’Environnement Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin laboratoire d’étude et de recherche en chimie Appliquée (LERCA) école Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi (EPAC) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin laboratoire d’Hydrologie Appliquée (LHA) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin laboratoire de chimie Inorganique et de l’environnement Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

The objective of this study is to reveal the negative impacts of the practices of acadjas on the Aheme lake in Benin. Various material and methods were used for the measures of the physicochemical parameters such as: colorimetric HACH DR/890, the multiparameter WTW 340i and specific kits for the dosage of minerals. Also, the investigations were made with the resources by persons. It emerges from this study that the practices of acadjas asphyxiate and disturb the lake species. In fact, the concentrations in dissolved oxygen became very weak (1595 mg/L to 3740 mg/L), and the contents of nitrites (2, 25 mg/L to 14, 5 mg/L), suspension materials and turbidity are raised. The consequences both on the aquatic fauna and on the vegetation of the bank are worrying. The waterside populations are also threatened. Some actions in an attempt to regulate the practice of acadjas and promote reforestation of the lagoon bank need to be put in place.

关键词： Acadjas Negative Impacts Aquatic Fauna Aheme Lake Benin

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Research of the Characteristic Dimension of the Transfers during the Convective Drying of the Sweet Potato for the Parallelepipedic and Spherical Shapes

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2021年第12期11卷 267-276页

作者： Kondia Honoré Ouoba Abdou-Salam Ganame François Zougmore laboratoire des matériaux et environnement (LA.M.E.) Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquée (UFR/SEA) Université de Ouaga I Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The aim of this work was to determine the characteristic dimension governing transfers during convective drying. Parallelepipedic and cylindrical form of sweet potato was used. For the parallelepipedic form P_L-l-e, the thickness e is set to 1 cm while the length L and the width l are varying. The results show that the variation of the other dimensions other than the thickness e does not influence the transfers in a considerable way. The same observation is made for the cylindrical samples c_H-R by keeping the radius R constant. This present work therefore allows us to conclude that the thickness of the parallelepiped shaped samples and the radius of the cylindrical shapes, all being the smallest dimensions, characterize the transfers.

关键词： Drying Initial Size Characteristic Dimension Forms

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Dimensioning of an Anaerobic Digester for the Treatment of Chicken Manure and for the Production of Biogas: The Case Study of a Chicken Farm in Yaokokoroko (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2022年第4期12卷 91-103页

作者： Kouakou Adjoumani Rodrigue Ehouman Ahissan Donatien Konan Affoué Tindo Sylvie Teki Adjoba Marie-Emmanuelle Kouadio Marc Cyril Adou Kouakou Eric Konan Gbangbo Remis laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de physico-chimie du Milieu (LTPCM) UFR Sciences Fondamentales Appliquées Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Département de Formation et de recherche des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minières Ressources en Eaux et Risques Hydrologiques Institut National Polytechnique Felix Houphou&#235 t-Boigny Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire Institut de recherche sur les energies Nouvelles Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire laboratoire des Procédés Industriels de Synthèse de l’Environnement et des énergies Nouvelles (LAPISEN) Institut National Polytechnique Houphou&#235 t-Boigny Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire

This study allowed us to highlight the level of pollution of a BAYA River water near several poultry farms and the sizing of an anaerobic digester that will be able to treat chicken manure from a poultry farm (BRIN FOUNDATION). To evaluate this pollution, the parameters such as ammonium (NH4+), Phosphate (PO43-), Biochemical Oxygen demand (DBO5) and Nitrate (NO3-) were determined. For sampling point P1, the concentrations in mg/L of these parameters are (25.00 ± 4.25), (0.40 ± 0.20), (98.00 ± 6.35) and (96.00 ± 5.35), respectively. On the other hand, for sampling point P2, the concentrations in mg/L of these parameters are respectively (33.00 ± 9.05), (0.70 ± 0.12), (123 ± 7.13) and (93 ± 7.10). These values indicate a strong organic pollution of the BAYA River. The determination of the different concentrations of the organic pollution parameters allowed us to evaluate the degradation and the quality of the water of the BAYA River water, by the poultry activity. However, considering the physicochemical properties of the waste (chicken manure), which is the main source of organic pollution, we have considered an energy recovery through the production of biogas. This requires the design, sizing, and implementation of an anaerobic digester in a poultry farm. Therefore, the project would require the construction of an adapted masonry type anaerobic digester with a capacity of 10 m3.

关键词： Biogas Organic Pollution Surface Water Biodigester Chicken Manure Anaerobic Digestion

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Acute Toxicity and Antipyretic Activities of a Methanolic Extract of Alchornea cordifolia Leaves

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第7期4卷 1-6页

作者： K. E. Effo G. Kouakou-Siransy G. Irie-Nguessan R. W. Sawadogo I. L. Dally A. B. Kamenan L. S. Kouakou J. Kablan-Brou laboratoire de Pharmacologie et de Physiologie UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et BiologiquesUniversiteFelix Houphouet BoignyAbidjanCote d’Ivoire laboratoire de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante(IRSS/CNRST)OuagadougouBurkina Faso laboratoire de Galenique UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et BiologiquesUniversiteFelix Houphouet BoignyAbidjanCote d’Ivoire.

Alchornea cordifolia (Euphorbiaceae) is a very prized plant among traditional healers in Africa. Its leaves are used for its antipyretic properties in traditional areas. The aim of our study is to determine the acute toxicity and the antipyretic activity of a methanolic extract of Alchornea cordifolia leaves. Acute toxicity was assessed by measuring mortality, changes in body weight, spontaneous movements, and normal rectal temperature in mice. Antipyretic activity was evaluated by brewer’s yeast-induced hyperpyrexia in rats according to Teotino method (1963). The antipyretic effect of methanolicextract of Alchornea cordifolia leaves was compared with paracetamol (100 mg/kg bw) orally. Groups of mice treated with doses of 6500;3250;1625 and 812.5mg/kg of the extract did not show any mortality, nor significant alteration of body weight, nor alteration of spontaneous movements. However, incomplete reversed dose-dependent hypothermic activity was observed with doses of 50.78;101.56;203.12;406.25;and 812.5 mg/kg p.o. of the extract, showing acute toxicity of this plant. In the antipyretic assay, the extract with doses of 50.78;101.56;203.12;406.25;and 812.5 mg/kg p.o. exhibited a significant dose-dependent antipyretic activity similar to paracetamol (100 mg/kg bw) in rats. Thus Alchornea cordifolia may inhibit prostaglandins-biosynthesis from hypothalamus. Our results support claims on its traditional uses in management of fever. However Alchornea cordifolia may affect hypothalamus not only during fever but also when body temperature is normal.

关键词： Alchornea cordifolia Acute Toxicity Brewer’s Yeast Hypothermia

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微波等离子体化学气相沉积合成掺氮金刚石薄膜的缺陷和结构特征及其生长行为

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物理学报 2007年第4期56卷 2359-2368页

作者：刘燕燕 E.Bauer-Grosse 张庆瑜大连理工大学三束材料改性国家重点实验室 laboratoire de Science et Génie des surfaces Ecole des MinesNancy 54042France

采用微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)技术,在甲烷和氢气的混合气体中,通过掺入微量氮气的方法,合成了掺氮金刚石薄膜.利用扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱和透射电子显微镜对薄膜的形貌和结构进行了表征.研究结果表明:处于基片中心位置的薄... 详细信息

采用微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)技术,在甲烷和氢气的混合气体中,通过掺入微量氮气的方法,合成了掺氮金刚石薄膜.利用扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱和透射电子显微镜对薄膜的形貌和结构进行了表征.研究结果表明:处于基片中心位置的薄膜具有比较高的成核密度,成核密度高达4.8×108cm-2,并且具有〈001〉的择优取向,晶粒呈立方金刚石特征,但沿{111}晶面生长时存在大量层错.处于基片边缘的薄膜成核密度较低,晶粒为6H型多型金刚石结构,而且多型金刚石的出现,导致金刚石孪晶关系的变化.此外,根据薄膜的生长速率,探讨了MPCVD过程中掺氮对薄膜生长行为的影响.

关键词：金刚石结构表征透射电子显微镜多型金刚石

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