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A study on wildfire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue Gisèle Krysztofiak Yangang Ren min Cai Patrick mercier Frédéric le Fur Corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique Daele max RmcGillen Yujing mu Valéry Catoire Abdelwahid mellouki laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’environnement et de l’Espace(lPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France Institut de Combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China lig’Air-Association de surveillance de la qualitéde l’air en région Centre-Val de loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France mohammed V University RabatMorocco

Wildfire events are increasing globally which may be partly associated with climate change,resulting in significant adverse impacts on local,regional air quality and global *** September 2020,a small wildfire(burned area:36.3 ha)event occurred in Souesmes(loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and its plume spread out over 200 km on the following day as observed by the mODIS *** on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northwest of the fire location)in Orléans and backward trajectory analysis,young wildfire plumes were *** increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and particles(including black carbon)were found within the wildfire plumes,leading to a reduced air *** factors,defined as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(where,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and black carbon within the young wildfire plumes were determined accordingly and compared with previous *** in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chloride,and nitrite in the particle-and gasphase)and aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol water content,aerosol p H)were also quantified and ***,we estimated the total carbon and climate-related species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and BC)emissions and compared them with fire emission *** biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned areas and *** instance,we found that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may underestimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small wildfire while other inventories(GFED and FINN)showed significant *** that it is the first time to record wildfire plumes in this region,related atmospheric implications are presented and discussed.

关键词： Wildfire Air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOlTAIRE supersite

Effect of Size and Initial Water Content on the Effective Diffusion Coefficient during Convective Drying of Sweet Potato Cut into Cubic and Cylindrical Shapes

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Journal of materials Science and Chemical engineering 2024年第6期12卷 71-82页

作者： Ibrango Abdoul Salam Ouoba Kondia Honoré Bama Désiré Traoré Yssa Zongo Karim Ouedraogo Salifou laboratoire de matriaux de lHliophysique et environnement (la.m.H.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences. Exactes et Appliques (UFR/SEA) Universit Nazi BONI de Bobo-Dioulasso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

In this article, we investigated the influence of size and initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient of sweet potatoes samples cut into cubic and cylindrical shapes. The sizes of the cubic samples are 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.5 and 3 cm edge with a respective initial water content of 2.7, 3.76, 3.48, 2.68, 3.28, 2.17 and 2.29 kg/kgms. For cylindrical samples, the radius is set at 0.5 cm and sample heights are 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 cm with respective water contents of 2.2, 3.19, 2.85, 2.1, 2.17, 2.39 and 2.03 kg/kgms. The effective diffusion coefficients of cubic samples are of the order of 10−10 and 10−9 m2∙s−1 grew with sample edge. As for the cylindrical samples, the effective diffusion coefficients were of the order of 10−9 m2∙s−1 and there was no linear correlation between cylinder height and their effective diffusion coefficient. As for the examination of the initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient, it turned out that the initial water content had no influence on the effective diffusion coefficient of the sweet potato samples.

关键词： Effective Diffusion Coefficient Initial Water Content Sweet Potato Cubic Cylindrical

Physical Transformations on Organic Product during Its Convective Drying: Case of Sweet Potato

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2024年第2期15卷 25-34页

作者： Ouoba Kondia Honoré Ganamé Abdou-Salam Compaoré Aboubakar Ibrango Abdoul Salam Bama Désiré Zougmoré Francois desmorieux Hélène laboratoire de matriaux de lHliophysique et environnement (la.m.H.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliques (UFR/SEA) Universit Nazi BONI Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire des matriaux et environnement (lA.m.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Applique (UFR/SEA) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de lenvironnement (lPCE) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie (ED-ST) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire dAutomatique et de Gnie des Procds(lAGEP) Universit Claude Bernard Lyon France

This study highlighted the physical transformation that agri-food products undergo during their drying. This transformation enormously affects the customer’s choice and the profit margin of the dried product promoter. The example of the experimental study of the potato reveals that the product continually changes its dimensions during its drying. The more the product loses its water, the more the dimensions decrease. The results initially showed that the water parameters such as mass or water content decrease according to the drying principle. The dimensions length l., width l and thickness e. decrease following a linear trend whose mathematical equations which describe them are determined using the office tool, excel. This trend has repercussions on the surface and volume parameters which in turn decreases almost linearly with the product’s water content. Note that the coefficient R2 is not always acceptable, confirming the complex nature of the behavior of organic products.

关键词： Dimensions Reduction Shrinkage Index I

Evaluation of Water losses by Evaporation in the Nakanbe Basin

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 29-41页

作者： Bayala Alfred Kabre Sayouba Yonli Hamma Fabien Chesneau Xavier Thierry Sikoudouin maurice Ky Zeghmati Belkacem Kieno P. Florent Kam Sié Unité de Formation et de recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR/SEA) Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de recherche en Science Exactes et Appliquées Centre Universitaire de Kaya (CU-K) Perpignan France laboratoire de modélisation Pluridisciplinaire et Simulation Université de Perpignan Via Domitia Perpignan France Unité de Formation et de recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR/SEA) Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement Uni-versité Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’ environnement (lPCE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

A numerical approach to heat and mass transfer in a large water reservoir is presented. This water reservoir is likened to a parallelepiped reservoir whose vertical and lower walls are adiabatic and impermeable. The equations that govern natural convection in water are solved by the finite volume method and Thomas’salgorithm. The adequacy between the velocity and pressure fields is ensured by the SImPlE algorithm. We are going to evaluate the water losses by evaporation from three dams in the Nakanbé basin in Burkina Faso for a period of thirty years, that is to say from January 1, 1991, to march 15, 2020. The three dams have a rate of evaporation greater than 40% of the volume of water stored. Indeed the rate of evaporation in each dam increases with the water filling rate in the reservoir: we have observed the following results for each dam in the Nakanbé basin;for the date of 02/27/1988 to 03/13/2020., the loumbila dam received a total volume of stored water of 22.02 mm3 and 10.57 mm3 as the total volume of water evaporated at the same date. At the Ouaga dam (2 + 3), it stored a water volume of 4.06 mm3 and evaporated 2.03 mm3 of its storage volume from 01/01/1988 to 05/07/2016. Finally, with regard to the Bagré dam, it stored 745.16 mm3 of water and 365.13 mm3 as the volume of water evaporated from 01/01/1993 to 03/31/2020.

关键词： Numerical Study Evaporation meteorological Data Natural Convection Basins Dams

Traditional Healer’s medicinal Practice Survey and Clinical Evidence Assessment of “YIKI”: An Antimalarial Phytomedicine Recipe from Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第7期15卷 248-267页

作者： Zachari Kabre Rakiswende Serge Yerbanga Aminata Fofana Roland Nâg-Tiero meda Anyirekun Fabrice Some Alassane Haro Natacha A. J. A. Boro Fazhira B. Ye Benjamin Kouliga Koama Sami Eric Kam Eliasse Zongo Hadidjatou Belèm Windmi Kagambèga Florence Fournet Georges A. Ouedraogo Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo Institut de recherche en Sciences de la Sant Direction Rgionale de lOuest Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire de recherche et denseignement en Sant et Biotechnologies Animales Universit Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Techniques Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire de recherche en Bactriologie INSP/Centre MURAZ Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso maladies Infectueuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie Gntique Evolution et Contrle (MIVEGEC) Institut de Recherche pour le Dveloppement Universit de Monpellier Montpellier France

YIKI is an antimalarial phytomedicine used by a traditional healer to treat malaria in Bobo-Dioulasso. However, there is no scientific evidence to support its use by local populations. The aim of this study was to identify the medicinal practices of the healer holder of YIKI and assess the clinical evidence of its phytomedicine in the uncomplicated malaria treatment. ethnomedical survey based on a semi-structured and open questionnaire was conducted from October to december 2019 with the healer. malaria knowledge and diagnosis methods, patient treatment and monitoring, and recipe formulation steps were surveyed. moreover, thick and thin blood smears were taken, haemoglobin levels and temperature of consenting patients were measured before treatment, mid-treatment and at the end of treatment. The survey revealed that the healer has a good knowledge of malaria symptoms and his diagnosis is based on observation and physical examination of patients. The healer’s malaria diagnosis was rudimentary and had accuracy problems, with only 62.79% of malaria cases confirmed by microscopy. The formulation of YIKI and its use to treat malaria follow a standard process for plant harvesting, powder quantities and posology, but do not use any reproducible parameters for dose adjustment. Forty-three patients diagnosed and treated by the healer participated in the study. laboratory results revealed 27 Plasmodium falciparum infection cases, including 2 with parasitaemia ≥ 200,000 p/µl blood. 25 patients were selected for therapeutic evidence assessment. There was a 48% elimination of parasites, a 28% parasitaemia decrease without complete cure, with gametocytogenesis in some patients, and a 24% parasitaemia increase. Haemoglobin and temperature results suggested that YIKI was not cytotoxic and reduced fever. encouraging preliminary results have been obtained, but in view of the low number of patients, further YIKI efficacy and toxicity studies will be necessary for patient safety.

关键词： Antimalarial-Phytomedicine Efficacy Traditional Practices Bobo-Dioulasso

A transcriptional cascade mediated by two APetAlA2 family members orchestrates carotenoid biosynthesis in tomato

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1227-1241页

作者： Xiaoqing He Kaidong liu Yi Wu Weijie Xu Ruochen Wang Julien Pirrello mondher Bouzayen mengbo Wu mingchun liu Key laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-environment of ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China life Science and Technology School Lingnan Normal UniversityZhanjiang 524048China laboratoire de recherche en Sciences Vegetales—Genomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits—UmR5546 Universite de ToulouseCNRSUPSToulouse-INPToulouse 31013France

Carotenoids are important nutrients for human health that must be obtained from plants since they cannot be biosynthesized by the human *** the regulatory mechanism of carotenoid metabolism in plants represents the first step toward manipulating carotenoid contents in plants by molecular design *** this study,we determined that SlAP2c,an APetAlA2(AP2)family member,acts as a transcriptional repressor to regulate carotenoid biosynthesis in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum).Knockout of SlAP2c in both the“micro Tom”and“Ailsa Craig”backgrounds resulted in greater lycopene accumulation,whereas overexpression of this gene led to orange-ripe fruit with significantly lower lycopene contents than the wild *** established that SlAP2c represses the expression of genes involved in lycopene biosynthesis by directly binding to the cis-elements in their ***,SlAP2c relies on its EAR motif to recruit the co-repressors TOPlESS(TPl)2/4 and forms a complex with histone deacetylase(had)1/3,thereby reducing the histone acetylation levels of lycopene biosynthesis ***,SlAP2a,a homolog of SlAP2c,acts upstream of SlAP2c and alleviates the SlAP2c-induced repression of lycopene biosynthesis genes by inhibiting SlAP2c transcription during fruit ***,we identified a transcriptional cascade mediated by AP2 family members that regulates lycopene biosynthesis during fruit ripening in tomato,laying the foundation for the manipulation of carotenoid metabolism in plants.

关键词： APetAlA2 family members carotenoid biosynthesis tomato transcriptional cascade

Photovoltaic waste management in sub-Saharan Africa:current practices in Burkina Faso

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable energy 2024年第2期6卷 271-282页

作者： Kodami Badza Yrebegnan moussa Soro marie Sawadogo laboratoire energies Renouvelables et Efficacitéenergétique Institut International d'Ingenierie de I'Eau et de I'Environnement(2iE)01 BP 594 OuagadougouBurkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa is witnessing a proliferation of photovoltaic(PV)waste due to the increasing number of solar PV power *** waste(panels,batteries,electrical cables,mounting structures,and inverters)consists of elements such as mercury,cadmium,chromium,lead,copper,aluminum,fluorinated compounds,and plastics that are toxic to human health and the environment if a proper management system is not *** many studies worldwide have focused on PV waste management,very few have been conducted in sub-Saharan *** study aims to investigate the current PV waste management system in Burkina Faso,determine stakeholder profiles,and propose strategies to enhance the existing *** research,interviews,questionnaires,and field visits were used in the *** survey showed that young people,mainly under 30 years of age and with a primary education,dominate(70%)in terms of PV waste collection and repair activities,while the more technical recycling and export activities are carried out mainly(88%)by stakeholders older than 40 years and with a secondary education(60%).Among the older stakeholders,100%are aware of the hazardous nature of PV waste,whereas 36%are young *** an environmental perspective,the main source of contamination observed is the release of lead-rich sulfuric acids into water and soil during the collection and repair *** the recycling of batteries and electrical cables,toxic fumes are emitted into the air,and recycling residues rich in toxic substances are *** reduce risks to human health and the environment when managing PV waste,the introduction of legislation,the multiplication of collection points and appropriate infrastructures,the training and awareness-raising of stakeholders,and the extended responsibility of manufacturers are *** on the economic feasibility of setting up formal management structures are needed to complete this work.

关键词： Photovoltaic waste Sub-Saharan Africa Waste management Recycling Batteries Incineration

Case Study for Undetermined mosquito Species by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Western Burkina Faso

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American Journal of molecular Biology 2024年第2期14卷 43-53页

作者： Koudraogo Bienvenue Yaméogo Sassan Simplice Kambou Domonbabélé François de Sales Hien logotio Rachel Angela Traore Franck Adama Yao Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga Centre National de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique CNRST Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante (IRSS) Laboratoire de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et parasitaires Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Techniques (INSTech Bobo) Avenue de Sya Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Introduction: malaria eradication campaigns all over the world are largely based on parasite and vector control. Vector identification, whether morphological or molecular, is an essential component of vector control. This study analyzed the possible causes of indeterminate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for mosquito species in Western part of Burkina Faso. methodology: From July 2021 to November 2021, mosquitoes were collected during the period of high malaria transmission in the village of Séguéré, Houet province, Burkina Faso, and morphologically identified. After DNA extraction, samples were amplified by sine 200× PCR to identify species of the Anopheles gambiae complex. Indeterminate samples were then selected for further analysis. The parameters studied were: DNA dilution, the effect of protocol adjusting, and the type of protocol used. Results: A total of 130 “indeterminate” DNAs diluted 1:10 were analyzed. After dilution, the mean amount was 14.73 ± 3.59 ng/μl and absorbance 1.71 ± 0.1. PCR chain reaction yielded 94.62% (123/130) anopheline species in SINE PCR, 5.38% (7/130) “negative”. A significant difference between SINE PCR before dilution and after dilution was observed (P dentification tests carried out using other protocols gave no positive results. From these results, we note that the adaptation of the protocol significantly reduced the polymerase amplification results of the species. Conclusion: It is therefore necessary to respect the amplification protocols. However, the persistence of “indeterminate” results suggests that further studies should be carried out to shed more light on the subject.

关键词： malaria Vector DNA PCR

Technical-Economic Performance, Carcass and meat Quality of COBB500 Broilers Fed Rations Incorporating mango By-Product Feeds in Ivory Coast (West Africa)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Timbilfou Kiendrébéogo Alidjata Traoré etienne Sodre Drissa Barry Isidor Ouedraogo marcelle Grace Koidja Vianney Tarpaga Centre National de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Laboratoire de Recherches en Production et Santé Animales (LAREPSA) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre National de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Laboratoire Central d’Horticulture (LCH) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire d’etude des Ressources Naturelles et des Sciences de l’environnement (lERNSE) Ecole Doctorale Sciences Naturelles et Agronomie (ED-SNA) Université Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Université Catholique de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (UCAO) Section du Burkina Faso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Direction Régionale de l’Agriculture des Ressources Animales et Halieutiques de l’Est Fada Burkina Faso

The study evaluated the growth performance and carcass quality of COBB500 broilers fed two experimental rations incorporating feed and mango fine ED10 for a batch of 83 birds, ED20 (batch of 83 birds) in comparison with a commercial control ration CCD (84 birds). For this purpose, 250 day-old chicks of this breed were purchased in Korhogo and transported to Tengréla in Ivory Coast for rearing. The results show that substituting mango provender ans and mango seed flour for maize resulted in rations with costs per kgmS of 215.35FCFA, 2016.93FCFA and 320FCFA for the ED10, ED20 and CCD rations respectively. The production costs per kg of chicken (FCPkglW) of the CCD ration were significantly higher than those of the ED10 and ED20 (p 0.05). ADGs were significantly different and decreasing from CCD, ED20 to ED10 (p 0.05). Average weights at 42nd day for ED20 and CCD were homogeneous (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than for ED10 (p 0.05). By day 49th the average weight of ED20 had reached and exceeded that of CCD by day 42nd. PSlW, HCW and CCW were significantly different and decreasing from CCW, ED20 to ED10 (p 0.05). Average hot (HCY) and cooled (CCY) carcass yields of ED20 and CCD rations were comparable (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than those of ED10 ration (p = 0.009) and 0.003). Average drumstick and neck weights were significantly higher and lower for CCD, ED20 and ED10 (p 0.05). For all other parts of the cut, the average weights of the CCD ration were significantly higher (p 0.05) than those of the ED20 and ED10 rations, which were homogeneous (p 0.05). The incorporation of mango provender and mango seed flour in broiler rations offers the prospect of reduced production costs, less competition between man and animals over cereals, and lean meat production tha

关键词： Broiler COOB 500 Chickens mango Feed Carcass Characteristics Tengrela Ivory Coast