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Evolution of a Holocene banner bank controlled by morphodynamics and structural setting of a macrotidal coast: Saint-Brieuc Bay (NW-Europe)

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geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 166-181页

作者： Kalil Traoréa David Menier Erwan gensac Pascal Le Roy Clément Lambert Paul Bessin Kevin Pedoja Anne Duperret Romain Le gall laboratoire géoscience Océan UMR 6538CNRSUniversitéBretagne SudCampus de Tohannic56000 VannesFrance laboratoire géoscience Océan UMR 6538CNRSIUEMUniversitéBretagne Occidentale29280 PlouzanéFrance laboratoire de planétologie et géodynamique UMR 6112CNRSLe Mans UniversitéAvenue Olivier Messiaen72085 Le Mans CEDEX 9France laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière UMR 6143CNRSUniversitéCaen Normandiecampus 12-4Rue des Tilleuls14000 Caen cedexFrance laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes UMR 6294CNRSUniversitéLe Havre Normandie53 rue de PronyCS8054076058 Le Havre cedexFrance

The morphology and internal structure of the Horaine Bank(Bay of Saint-Brieuc,NW France)are described based on multibeam echosounder and high-resolution seismic datasets coupled with vibro-core *** Horaine Bank shows large-scale bedforms in the lee of a submerged rocky shoal,which allowed defining it as a Banner *** internal structure of the sandbank reveals four seismic units(U1-U4)on a Cambrian basement(U0).The basal unit U1 is interpreted as reworked lowstand fluvial sediments those infilled micro incised valleys during a rise in sea *** unit is overlain by paleo-coastal barrier sand-spit(U2)whose development was controlled by swell in the context of a rapid rise in sea *** successive prograding unit(U3)is interpreted as flooding deposits in continuity with unit *** unit U4 is characterized by oblique reflectors oriented in two opposite *** last unit,dated post 3500 yr BP,corresponds to migrating dunes superimposed on the bank and observable in the high-resolution bathymetric *** strong correlation between tidal currents and the apparent clockwise migration of dune crests suggests the presence of a tidal gyre controlling the present-day dynamics of most of the Horaine bank *** study proposes a new model for the construction of banner banks characterized by the gradual transition of a sand spit to a banner bank during marine transgression and ensuing hydrodynamic variability.

关键词： Sand banks Banner bank Holocene climate geomorphology Sea level rise Tidal gyre

Baossi–Warack monogenetic volcanoes, Adamawa Plateau,Cameroon: petrography, mineralogy and geochemistry

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Acta geochimica 2019年第1期38卷 40-67页

作者： Anicet Feudjio Tiabou Robert Temdjim Pierre Wandji Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff Vivian Bih Che Edith Ekatah Bate Tibang Caroline Neh Ngwa Fran?ois Xavier Onana Mebara Remote Sensing Unit Faculty of Science Department of Geology University of Buea department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé 1 laboratoire de géologie Ecole Normale Supérieure de Yaoundé Univ.Paris-Sud Sciences de la Terre VolcanologiePlanétologie UMR CNRS 8148 GEOPS Bat.504 Université Paris-Saclay Higher Teacher Training College Department of GeologyUniversity of Bamenda Institute for geological and Mining Research (IRgM) Institute for geological and Mining Research (IRgM) Branch of Volcanologic and Geophysics Research (ARGV)

Three monogenetic cones in the Baossi–Warack area, Ngaoundéré, Adamawa Plateau forming part of the Cameroon Volcanic Line(CVL) are documented in this study. Basaltic lavas(<1 km^3) scattered around these vents and ... 详细信息

Three monogenetic cones in the Baossi–Warack area, Ngaoundéré, Adamawa Plateau forming part of the Cameroon Volcanic Line(CVL) are documented in this study. Basaltic lavas(deposits were emplaced by Hawaiian and mild strombolian style eruptions. The lavas are porphyritic, mainly composed of olivine(chrysolite) and clinopyroxene(diopside and augite) phenocrysts and plagioclase(andesine) microphenocrysts. Accessory minerals include titano-magnetite and titano-hematite, nepheline,apatite and amphibole xenocrysts. Sanidine occurs in some samples and sodi-potassic albite in others. Some olivines and clinopyroxenes exhibit resorbed margins and thin reaction rims while plagioclase displays oscillatory zoning, and sieved textures as a result of magma mixing. Whole-rock geochemistry data indicates that the lavas are silica-undersaturated, composed of basanites and basalts, showing little compositional variations(SiO_2: 39.20 wt.%–48.01 wt.%,MgO: 5.29 wt.%–9.70 wt.%). Trace elements patterns of these lavas suggest they are enriched in LILE including Pb,probably due to crustal contamination. REE patterns suggest cogenetic magmas below Baossi 1 and Baossi 2 volcanoes,and distinct sources below Warack volcano and nearby *** lavas studied show affinity to high-μ(HIMU), enriched type Ⅰ(EM1) and Oceanic Island Basalt(OIB)-like mantle signatures and thus indicate a heterogeneous mantle source underneath the vents as noted at other monogenetic and polygenetic volcanoes along the CVL. Primary melts derived from low degrees of partial melting(0.5%–2%) and encountered low rates of fractionation, and crustal contamination coupled with magma mixing. These melts evolved independently through structural weaknesses in the basement.

关键词： Cameroon volcanic line Adamawa Plateau Volcanic field Monogenetic volcano Magma mixing Petrogenesis

A Phelipanche ramosa KAI2 protein perceives strigolactones and isothiocyanates enzymatically

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plant Communications 2021年第5期2卷 132-147页

作者： Alexandre de Saint germain Anse Jacobs guillaume Brun Jean-Bernard Pouvreau Lukas Braem David Cornu guillaume Clavé Emmanuelle Baudu Vincent Steinmetz Vincent Servajean Susann Wicke Kris gevaert Philippe Simier Sofie goormachtig Philippe delavault François-Didier Boyer Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRAEAgroParisTechUniversitéParis-Saclay78000 VersaillesFrance department of plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University9052 GentBelgium Center for plant Systems Biology VIB9052 GentBelgium department of Biomolecular Medicine Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Center for Medical Biotechnology VIB9000 GhentBelgium laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales(LBPV) Equipe d’Accueil 1157Universitéde Nantes44000 NantesFrance Institute for Biology Humboldt-Universit€at zu Berlin10115 BerlinGermany UniversitéParis-Saclay CEACNRSInstitute for Integrative Biology of the Cell(I2BC)91198Gif-sur-YvetteFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CNRSInstitut de Chimie des Substances NaturellesUPR 230191198Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

Phelipanche ramosa is an obligate root-parasitic weed that threatens major crops in central *** order to germinate,it must perceive various structurally divergent host-exuded signals,including isothiocyanates(ITCs)and strigolactones(SLs).However,the receptors involved are still ***,we identify five putative SL receptors in *** and show that PrKAI2d3 is involved in the stimulation of seed *** demonstrate the high plasticity of PrKAI2d3,which allows it to interact with different chemicals,including *** SL perception mechanism of PrKAI2d3 is similar to that of endogenous SLs in non-parasitic *** provide evidence that PrKAI2d3 enzymatic activity confers hypersensitivity to ***,we demonstrate that methylbutenolide-OH binds PrKAI2d3 and stimulates *** germination with bioactivity comparable to that of *** study demonstrates that *** has extended its signal perception system during evolution,a fact that should be considered for the development of specific and efficient biocontrol methods.

关键词： a/b-hydrolase receptor seed germination stimulant strigolactones isothiocyanates Phelipanche ramosa

The giant Radio Array for Neutrino detection(gRAND):Science and design

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第1期63卷 1-43页

作者： Jaime Alvarez-Muniz Rafael Alves Batista Aswathi Balagopal V. Julien Bolmont Mauricio Bustamante Washington Carvalho Jr. Didier Charrier Ismael Cognard Valentin decoene Peter B.denton Sijbrand de Jong Krijn D.de Vries Ralph Engel Ke Fang Chad Finley Stefano gabici Quan Bu gou Jun Hua gu Claire guépin Hong Bo Hu Yan Huang Kumiko Kotera Sandra Le Coz Jean-Philippe Lenain guo Liang Léü Olivier Martineau-Huynh Miguel Mostafá Fabrice Mottez Kohta Murase Valentin Niess Foteini Oikonomou Tanguy Pierog Xiang Li Qian Bo Qin Duan Ran Nicolas Renault-Tinacci Markus Roth Frank g.Schroder Fabian Schüssler Cyril Tasse Charles Timmerman Matías Tueros Xiang Ping Wu Philippe Zarka Andreas Zech B.Theodore Zhang Jian Li Zhang Yi Zhang Qian Zheng Anne Zilles departamento de Fisica de Particulas&lnstituto galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias Universidad de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782Spain Instituto de Astronomia Geofisica e Ciencias AtmosfericasUniversidade de Sao PauloSao Paulo-SP 05508-090Brazil department of Physics-Astrophysics University of OxfordDWBOxford 0X13RHUK Institute of Experimental Particle Physics(etP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsru he D-76021Germany laboratoire de Physique Nucleeaire et de Hautes Energies(LPNHE) Sorbonne UniversiteUniversite Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris CiteCNRS place Jussieu F-75252Paris Cedex 5France Niels Bohr International Academy and DARK Niels Bohr InstituteCopenhagen 2100Denmark Discovery Center Niels Bohr InstituteCopenhagen 2100Denmark Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics(CCA.PP)&department of Physics Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH 43210USA Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela 15782Spain 0SUBATECH Institut Mines-Telecom Atlantique-CNRS/IN2P3-Universite de NantesNantes 44300France laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de KEnvironnement et de VEspace LPC2E CNRS-Universite d'Orleans Orleans F-45071France Station de Radioastronomie de Nancay Observatoire de ParisCNRS/INSU F-18330 NangayFrance Sorbonne Universite UMR 7095Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris98 bis bd AragoParis 75014France Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics(IMAPP)Radboud UniversiteitNijmegen 6500Netherlands Nationaal Instituut voor Kemfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica(NIKHEF) Amsterdam NL-1009Netherlands IIHE/ELEM Vrije Universiteit BrusselPleinlaan 2Brussels 1050Belgium Institute for Nuclear Physics(IKP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsruhe D-76021Germany Einstein Fellow Stanford UniversityStanford CA 94305USA department of Astronomy University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742-2421USA Joint Space-Science Institute College Park MD 20742-2421USA Oskar Klein Centre Stockholm UniversityStockholm SE-10691Sweden department of Phy

The giant Radio Array for Neutrino detection(gRAND)is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy(UHE)cosmic particles,with energies exceeding 10~8 ge *** goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic *** do this,gRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched *** will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the *** design is modular:20 separate,independent sub-arrays,each of 10000 radio antennas deployed over 10000 km^2.A staged construction plan will validate key detection techniques while achieving important science goals *** we present the science goals,detection strategy,preliminary design,performance goals,and construction plans for gRAND.

关键词： radio telescopes neutrinos in astronomical observations cosmic rays in astronomical observations radiowave radiation:sources galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays:galactic and extragalactic

development and Evolution of the Size of Polygonal Fracture Systems during Fluid-Solid Separation in Clay-Rich deposits

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第6期29卷 1319-1334页

作者： Teodolina Lopez Raphael Antoine JoséDarrozes Michel Rabinowicz David Baratoux CESBIO Universite de ToulouseCNES/CNRS/IRD/UPSloulousePrance International Space Science Institute(ISSI) BernSwitzerland CEREMA Laboratoire Regional de RouenGroupe Sciences de la TerreCS 90245F-76121 Le Grand QuevillyFrance get Universite de ToulouseUPS/CNRS/IRD/CNESToulouseFrance Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire(IFAN) Cheikh Anta DioDakarSenegal

In continental and oceanic conditions, clay-rich deposits are characterised by the development of polygonal fracture systems（PFS）. PFS can increase the vertical permeability of clay-rich deposits（mean permeability ≤10-16 m2） and are pathways for fluids. On continents, the width of PFS ranges from centimeters to hundreds of meters, while in oceanic contexts they are up to a few kilometers large. These structures are linked to water-solid separation during deposition, consolidation and complete fluid squeeze of the clay horizon. During the last few decades, modeling of melt migration in partially molten plastic rocks led to rigorous quantifications of two-phase flows with a particular emphasis on 2D and 3D induced flow structures. The numerical modeling shows that the melt migrates on distances almost equal to a few times the compaction length L that depends on permeability and viscosity. Consequently, polygonal structures in partially molten plastic rocks are resulted from the melt-rock separation and their sizes are proportional to L. Applying these results to fluid-solid separation in clay-rich horizons, we show that（1） centimetric to kilometric PFS are resulted from the dramatic increase of L during compaction and（2）, this process involves agglomerates with 100 μm to 1 mm size.

关键词： compaction clay deposit agglomerates polygonal fractures desiccation cracks

The giant Radio Array for Neutrino detection(gRAND):Science and design

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 5-47页

作者： Jaime álvarez-Mu?iz Rafael Alves Batista Aswathi Balagopal V. Julien Bolmont Mauricio Bustamante Washington Carvalho Jr. Didier Charrier Isma?l Cognard Valentin decoene Peter B.denton Sijbrand de Jong Krijn D.de Vries Ralph Engel Ke Fang Chad Finley Stefano gabici Quan Bu gou Jun Hua gu Claire guépin Hong Bo Hu Yan Huang Kumiko Kotera Sandra Le Coz Jean-Philippe Lenain guo Liang Léü Olivier Martineau-Huynh Miguel Mostafá Fabrice Mottez Kohta Murase Valentin Niess Foteini Oikonomou Tanguy Pierog Xiang Li Qian Bo Qin Duan Ran Nicolas Renault-Tinacci Markus Roth Frank g.Schr ?der Fabian Schüssler Cyril Tasse Charles Timmerman Matías Tueros Xiang Ping Wu Philippe Zarka Andreas Zech B.Theodore Zhang Jian Li Zhang Yi Zhang Qian Zheng Anne Zilles departamento de Física de Partículas & Instituto galego de Física de Altas Enerxías Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Instituto de Astronomia Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas Universidade de S?o Paulo department of Physics—Astrophysics University of Oxford DWB Institute of Experimental Particle Physics (etP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) laboratoire de Physique Nucléeaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE) Sorbonne Université Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité Niels Bohr International Academy and DARK Niels Bohr Institute Discovery Center Niels Bohr Institute Center for Cosmology and Astro Particle Physics (CCAPP) & department of Physics Ohio State University Universidade de Santiago de Compostela SUBATECH Institut Mines-Telecom Atlantique – CNRS/IN2P3 – Université de Nantes laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace LPC2E CNRS-Université d’Orléans Station de Radioastronomie de Nan?cay Observatoire de Paris Sorbonne Université UMR 7095 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) Radboud Universiteit Nationaal Instituut voor Kernfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica (NIKHEF) IIHE/ELEM Vrije Universiteit Brussel Institute for Nuclear Physics (IKP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Einstein Fellow Stanford University department of Astronomy University of Maryland Joint Space-Science Institute Oskar Klein Centre Stockholm University department of Physics Stockholm University Astro Particule et Cosmologie (APC) Université Paris Diderot CNRS/IN2P3 CEA/Irfu Observatoire de Paris Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Science and Technology Xinjiang University Center for Particle and gravitational Astrophysics Pennsylvania State University department of Physics Pennsylvania State University department of Astronomy & Astrophysics Pennsylvania State University LUTH Observatoire de Paris

The giant Radio Array for Neutrino detection（gRAND） is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy（UHE） cosmic particles, with energies exceeding 10～8 ge V. Its goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic rays. To do this, gRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched sensitivity. gRAND will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the atmosphere. Its design is modular: 20 separate, independent sub-arrays, each of 10000 radio antennas deployed over 10000 km2. A staged construction plan will validate key detection techniques while achieving important science goals early. Here we present the science goals, detection strategy, preliminary design, performance goals, and construction plans for gRAND.

关键词： radio telescopes neutrinos in astronomical observations cosmic rays in astronomical observations radiowave radiation: sources galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays