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Antioxidant capacity and genoprotective effect of ethanol fruit extract from detarium microcarpum Guill. and Perr.(Caesalpiniaceae)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第1期7卷 32-36页

作者： AblasséRouamba Maurice Ouedraogo Martin Kiendrebeogo laboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliqu′ees(LABIOCA) UFR-SVTUniversit′e de Ouagadougou03 BP 7021Ouagadougou 03Burkina Faso laboratoire de physiologie animale(LAPA) UFR-SVTUniversit′e de Ouagadougou09 BP 848Ouagadougou 09Burkina Faso

Objective: To evidence the ability of ethanol fruit extract from detarium microcarpum(D. microcarpum) to preserve DNA integrity against oxidative genomic ***: ethanol extract from D. microcarpum fruit pulp was analyzed for its antioxidant capacity using ferric reducing antioxidant power, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl,2,20-azinobis-3-ethyl-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate, superoxide anion, deoxyribose degradation and lipid peroxidation models. The genoprotective activity was assessed ex vivo by comet assay, on liver cells of NMRI female mice using cyclophosphamide(CP) as genotoxic ***: ethanol extract from D. microcarpum fruit pulp exhibited interesting antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, deoxyribose degradation and lipid peroxidation assays. The extract did not present any genotoxic effect but protected DNA against CP-induced damages with a dose-dependent manner. The genoprotective effect observed was related to the antioxidant molecules of the fruit that scavenged the hydroxyl radical(generated by the metabolism of CP) as well as the peroxyl and alkoxyl radicals issued from lipid peroxidation. Other mechanisms such as inactivation of CP metabolism to genotoxic end products, induction of the expression of antioxidant and DNA repair enzymes have been ***: Our results suggest that the wild edible fruit from D. microcarpum could be beneficial on consumer's health by its antioxidant and genoprotective effects, particularly during chemotherapies exhibiting genotoxic effects like CP in cancer treatment.

关键词： Antioxidant activity Comet assay detarium microcarpum Genoprotection

Lyon遗传性高血压大鼠:一种低肾素性高血压动物模型(英文)

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2003年第1期24卷 3-8页

作者： Jean SASSARD 69373 Lyon Cedex 08 8 avenue Rockefeller CNRS UMR 5014 Département de physiologie et pharmacologie Clinique Facultéde Pharmacie France.

This paper reviews the data which demonstrate that Lyon genetically hypertensive (LH) rats exhibit a low renin form of hypertension. Since when compared to normotensive controls, LH rats exhibit a low renin release and are salt-sensitive. despite this, the blockade of the renin-angiotensin system normalizes the blood pressure level and the regional blood flows in LH rats. Such a discrepancy between the compulsory presence of angiotensin Ⅱ for the hypertension to develop and the low level of renin release seen in LH rats led to two hypotheses: 1) the existence of an early, short lasting increase of renin release which would be sufficient for the occurrence of a stable hypertension; 2) an hypersensitivity to the effects of angiotensin Ⅱ. The study of the long-term effects of early short lasting blockades of the renin-angiotensin system allowed to exclude the first hypothesis. Concerning a hypersensitivity to the effects of angiotensin Ⅱ, it was found to exist in the preglomerular vessels of LH rats. Th

关键词：高血压肾素血管紧张素Ⅱ 肾素-血管紧张素系统遗传学大鼠

Acute Toxicity and Antipyretic Activities of a Methanolic Extract of Alchornea cordifolia Leaves

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第7期4卷 1-6页

作者： K. E. Effo G. Kouakou-Siransy G. Irie-Nguessan R. W. Sawadogo I. L. Dally A. B. Kamenan L. S. Kouakou J. Kablan-Brou laboratoire de pharmacologie et de physiologie UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et BiologiquesUniversiteFelix Houphouet BoignyAbidjanCote d’Ivoire laboratoire de pharmacologie et de Toxicologie Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante(IRSS/CNRST)OuagadougouBurkina Faso laboratoire de Galenique UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et BiologiquesUniversiteFelix Houphouet BoignyAbidjanCote d’Ivoire.

Alchornea cordifolia (Euphorbiaceae) is a very prized plant among traditional healers in Africa. Its leaves are used for its antipyretic properties in traditional areas. The aim of our study is to determine the acute toxicity and the antipyretic activity of a methanolic extract of Alchornea cordifolia leaves. Acute toxicity was assessed by measuring mortality, changes in body weight, spontaneous movements, and normal rectal temperature in mice. Antipyretic activity was evaluated by brewer’s yeast-induced hyperpyrexia in rats according to Teotino method (1963). The antipyretic effect of methanolicextract of Alchornea cordifolia leaves was compared with paracetamol (100 mg/kg bw) orally. Groups of mice treated with doses of 6500;3250;1625 and 812.5mg/kg of the extract did not show any mortality, nor significant alteration of body weight, nor alteration of spontaneous movements. However, incomplete reversed dose-dependent hypothermic activity was observed with doses of 50.78;101.56;203.12;406.25;and 812.5 mg/kg p.o. of the extract, showing acute toxicity of this plant. In the antipyretic assay, the extract with doses of 50.78;101.56;203.12;406.25;and 812.5 mg/kg p.o. exhibited a significant dose-dependent antipyretic activity similar to paracetamol (100 mg/kg bw) in rats. Thus Alchornea cordifolia may inhibit prostaglandins-biosynthesis from hypothalamus. Our results support claims on its traditional uses in management of fever. However Alchornea cordifolia may affect hypothalamus not only during fever but also when body temperature is normal.

关键词： Alchornea cordifolia Acute Toxicity Brewer’s Yeast Hypothermia

Phytochemical Study and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Properties of <i>Launaea taraxacifolia</i>Leaves Extracts on Cell Lines HepG2 and PLB985

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1768-1779页

作者： Omédine Koukoui Pascal Agbangnan Sylviane Boucherie Mahudro Yovo Oliver Nusse Laurent Combettes Dominique Sohounhloué laboratoire de physiologie animale de Signalisation Cellulaire et de Pharmacologie FAST/Dassa Université Polytechnique d’Abomey Dassa Zoumè Bénin laboratoire d’etude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée Université d’Abomey-Calavi (LERCA/UAC) Cotonou Bénin laboratoire d’Interactions Cellulaires et de Physiopathologie Hépatique UMR-S 1174 Université Paris Sud Paris France

Launaea taraxacifolia is a leafy vegetable of the family of Asteraceae (Compositae) found in several countries in West Africa including Ghana, Benin and Nigeria. The plant leaves are eaten either fresh as salad or cooked as sauces. They are also consumed as infusion to fight against several diseases including non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Several studies have been conducted in Ghana, Nigeria on the nutritional and medicinal values of this plant but no study has yet been conducted in Benin on the virtues of this plant. In this work we have achieved the phytochemical characterization and evaluated the cytotoxicity as well as hypolipidemic and anti-oxidant effects of the ethanol-aqueous extracts of Launaea taraxacifolia leaves. Cytotoxicity and hypolipidemic activities have been performed on HepG2 cells;the antioxidant effect has been performed on the PLB985 cells. The results showed that the ethanol-aqueous extracts of Launaea taraxacifolia leaves contained the following metabolites: catechic tannin, flavonoids, phenolic acids, mucilage and leucoanthocyanins. Only very high concentrations (>20 mg/ml) of leaves extracts are toxic for HepG2 cells. Launaea taraxacifolia leaves have significant antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities.

关键词： Launaea taraxacifolia Phytochemical Cytotoxicity Antioxidant Hypolipidemic

Effect of the ethanolic Extract of Khaya senegalensis on Some Biochemical Parameters on Rabbit’s in Glucose Overload Condition

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 240-248页

作者： Essé Agossou Mélanie Ahokpe Justin Behanzin Marcellin Takin Ganiou Yessoufou Loica Zohoun Lamine Baba-Moussa Alphonse Sezan laboratoire de Biomembranes et Signalisation Cellulaire Département de physiologie animale Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage moléculaire en Microbiologie Département de Biochimie et de Biologie Cellulaire Université d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin

The effect of the ethanolic extract Khaya senegalensis on some biochemical parameters was tested in rabbits with normal glucose and glucose overload. Phytochemical screening after three batches of 6 rabbits race (TBD) were treated with the extract in oral doses of respectively 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight for 30 days;three other groups receiving respectively these doses of the extract were placed under a priori temporary overload of glucose;a control group received instead distilled water treatment. Blood glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol were measured by spectrophotometry and weight gain of the animals was performed at the beginning of the experiment and every 2 weeks during the study period. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polyphenolic compounds (majority) of saponins of anthracene derivatives and steroids in the extract. The test results indicate that under the dose of 50 mg/kg body weight (BW) there was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in blood glucose after 24 hours. The extract had no effect on the lipid profile or body weight of rabbits.

关键词： Rabbit Khaya senegalensis Glucose Lipid Profile

Dose and Administration Schedule Effect of Tiludronate on Joint Damage in the Model of Complete Freund Adjuvant Induced Monoarthritis in Rats

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 18-25页

作者： Thierry Bertaim Eric Chapuy François Caussade denis Ardid Ceva Santé animale R&DLibourneFrance laboratoire de pharmacologie Médicale Facultés de Médecine et PharmacieClermont-FerrandFrance ANS Biotech Facultés de Médecine et PharmacieClermont-FerrandFrance

The effects of dose and administration schedule of Tiludronate (TA) were assessed on joint lesions and hyperalgesia in a rat model of monoarthritis induced by injection of Complete Freund Adjuvant into the tibio tarsal joint of the hindpaw on day 0 (D0). Rats (n = 12/group) received subcutaneous injection of saline at D1, D4, D8 and D12;single dose (15 mg/kg;60 mg/kg) at D1 or repeated doses (15 mg/kg) at D1, D4, D8 and D12 of TA;or daily injection of Meloxicam (1 mg/kg, from D1 to D12). Joint lesion severity, hindpaw volume and hyperalgesia were evaluated using radiography, plethysmometry and paw pressure, respectively. TA dose dependently reduced radiographic joint lesion (p 0.001), including bone demineralisation and erosion, joint deformation and to a lesser extent, soft tissue and space articular narrowing. These results were supported by a significant limited increase of paw volume at the highest dose, independently of the administration schedule (60 mg/kg, 4 × 15 mg/kg) within D12-D28 (p 0.01). In contrast, Meloxicam had no effect on radiographic joint lesion and significantly reduced paw volume only within D0-D12 (p 0.01). Irrespective of dose and administration schedule, TA had a significant partial anti hyperalgesic effect (p 0.05) within D0-D12 that was sustained until D28. In contrast, Meloxicam had a significant early anti hyperalgesic effect (p 0.001) that was not sustained overtime. In conclusion, early TA administration showed a beneficial effect on joint lesion severity, with a partial anti hyperalgesic effect indicating that TA might be helpful for the management of arthritic pathologies with bone remodelling and osteolysis.

关键词： Tiludronate Arthritis Bone Remodelling Hyperalgesia

Diet breadth variation and trophic plasticity behavior of the African bonytongue <i>Heterotis niloticus</i>(Cuvier, 1829) in the SôRiver-Lake Hlan aquatic system (Benin, West Africa): Implications for species conservation and aquaculture development

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Natural Science 2013年第12期5卷 1219-1229页

作者： Alphonse Adite Adam Gbankoto Ibrahim Imorou Toko Emile Didier Fiogbe Département de physiologie animale Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey- Calavi Cotonou Bénin Faculté d’Agronomie Université de Parakou (UNIPAR) Parakou Bénin PRECOB Unité de Recherches sur les Zones Humides Département de Zoologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

The African bonytongue, Heterotis niloticus (Pisces: Osteoglossidae), is an omnivore foraging mainly on aquatic insects, microcrustacea, seeds and detritus. We examined the diet breadth and the trophic plasticity behavior of this species (1461 specimens) in the S? River and Lake Hlan water system located in the southern Benin (West Africa). Overall, the mean diet breadths of the two populations of Heterotis from both habitats were not significantly (p ≥ 0.05) different and were not associated with seasons. However, in Lake Hlan, mean diet breadths tended to increase with size (r = 0.81) and gut length (r = 0.82) indicating that bonytongues ingest a broader range of food resources as they grow. In both habitats, the positive correlation of both standard length (Log SL) and gut length (Log GL) with the volumetric proportions of detritus and with the volumetric proportions of seeds suggests that the consumption of these two food resources increased with the size of Heterotis and with the development of the digestive tract. Likewise, the negative correlation of both (Log SL) and (Log GL) with the volumetric proportions of aquatic insects and with the volumetric proportions of microcrustacea suggests that the consumption of these two food categories decreased as the size and the gut length of Heterotis increased. The differences in the consumption of microcrustacea (13.77% in Lake Hlan versus 2.63% in S? River) and mollusks (0.73% in Lake Hlan versus 4.91% in S? River) evidenced that Heterotis shifts his trophic structure according to resource availlability in the habitat. This foraging behavior suggests a degree of trophic plasticity in Heterotis. The specialized morphological structure of Heterotis, mainly the presence of a relatively high number of gill rakers (42 - 94 rakers on the first branchial arch) during its whole life, allowing sieving of zooplankton and other microcrustacea, and the presence of the gizzard favored this trophic plasticity. The broader diet bre

关键词： African Bonytongues Aquaculture Conservation Diet Breadth Foraging Behavior Gill Raker Omnivore Trophic Plasticity

Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds Content of Extracts from Ceratotheca sesamoides Endl and Striga hermonthica (delille) Benth Used as Antheminthic in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第11期10卷 203-213页

作者： Dicko Amadou Kam Eric Sami Hadidjatou Belem Konaté Almamy Tindano Basile Meda Roland Nâg-Tiéro Ahoua Angora Rémi Constant Koné Mamidou Witabouna Kaboré Adama Traoré Amadou Bayala Balé Tamboura Hamidou Hamadou laboratoire de Biologie et Santé animale (LaBioSA) Centre National de recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)/Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies animales Unité de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences et Technique Université Nazi BONI Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso laboratoire de physiologie animale (LaPA) Unité de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences de la vie et de la Terre Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso laboratoire de Botanique et Valorisation de la Diversité Végétale (LaBVDIV) Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Centre Suisse de Recherche en Cô te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The revaluation of medicinal plants in the veterinary pharmacopoeia is essential for the development of livestock in Burkina Faso. In order to justify the use of C. sesamoides and S. hermonthica in the treatment of gastrointestinal parasitosis of small ruminants, a quantification of phenolic compounds as well as antioxidant activity and acute toxicité evaluation of both plants were performed. Acute toxicity was evaluated by administering a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of both plants to mice. The highest total polyphenol content for C. sesamo?des was obtained in the ethyl acetate fraction with 47.236 ± 2.57 mgEAG/100mg while that of S. hermonthica was 74.871 ± 2.57 mgEAG/100mg obtained with the n-butanol Fraction. The dichloromethane extract of S. hermonthica obtained the highest total flavonoid content with 7.31 ± 0.48 mgEQ/100 while the highest total flavonoid content of C. sesamo?des was obtained with ethyl acetate fraction with 5.4273 ± 0.35 mgEQ/100mg. The aqueous extract of C. sesamo?des obtained the highest content of condensed tannins with 3.028 ± 0.13 mgEAT/100mg. Both plant’s extracts did not show any signs of toxicity in NMRI mice after administration of the dose of 2000 mg/kg. The antioxidant activity by DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods was good compared to those of Quercetin and Trolox taken as standard.

关键词： C. sesamoides S. hermonthica Polyphénols Content Flavonoids Content Condensed Tannins Antioxidant Activity

Fish Assemblages in the degraded Mangrove Ecosystems of the Coastal Zone, Benin, West Africa: Implications for Ecosystem Restoration and Resources Conservation

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第12期4卷 1461-1475页

作者： Alphonse Adite Ibrahim ImorouToko Adam Gbankoto Département de physiologie animale Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin. Faculté d’Agronomie Université de Parakou (UNIPAR) Parakou Bénin PRECOB Unité de Recherches sur les Zones Humides (URZH) Département de Zoologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

Mangrove forests are unique habitats in their function as potential food source and nurseries, and support an important fisheries resource. In the Benin coastal zone, the mangrove fishes have been surveyed to investigate fish species diversity, community structures and ecosystem degradation impacts in order to protect and to improve the mangrove fish resources. Results from wet, high-water and dry season samplings revealed that the two dominant mangrove species, Rizophora racemosa and Avicennia africana, are being intensively degraded for domestic use such as firewood and house building. Fifty one (51) fish species belonging to 25 families were recorded with Eleotridae (7 species), Cichlidae (5 species), and Mugilidae (5 species), the most speciose families. Dominant trophic guilds were detritivores (54.57%) and planktinovores/microcarnivores (30.41%). Six (6) species, Sarotherodon melanotheron, Dormitator lebretonis, Gerres melanopterus, Hemichromis fasciatus, ethmalosa fimbriata, and Aplocheilichthys spilauchen, dominated the samples and accounted for about 80.27%. Sarotherodon melanotheron constituted the major dominant species and accounted numerically for about 29% of the total catches and 46.7% of the total biomass. The Margalef index of species richness ranged between 2.42 and 4.43, the Shannon-Weaver index of species diversity between 1.39 and 2.27, and the evenness between 0.50 and 0.62. Lower indices were observed for the highly degraded and the moderately degraded sites whereas higher indices were recorded for the less degraded and the restored sites. Species richness, species diversity and dominant species abundance were positively correlated with depth and transparency and negatively correlated with temperature. Multi-species fisheries dominate the coastal zone with Sarotherodon melanotheron, Dormitator lebretonis, Gerres melanopterus, ethmalosa fimbriata, Liza falcipinus, Mugil sp. and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, the major species in the commercial ca

关键词： Conservation detritivores Diversity Evolutionary Process Fragmentized Habitats Hydroelectrical Dam Mangrove degradation Multi-Species Fisheries