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Identification and functional characterization of fish IL‑17 receptors suggest important roles in the response to nodavirus infection

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 252-265页

作者： Carmen González‑Fernández Miguel A.García‑Álvarez Alberto Cuesta department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Murcia30100 MurciaSpain laboratoire d’écotoxicologie Centre de Lyon-VilleurbanneINRAEUR RiverLy69625 VilleurbanneFrance

Th17 is a lymphocyte T helper(Th)subpopulation relevant in the control and regulation of the immune response characterized by the production of interleukin(IL)-*** crucial cytokine family acts through their binding to the IL-17 receptors(IL-17R),having up to six *** the biology of fish Th17 is well-recognized,the molecular and functional characterization of IL-17 and IL-17R has been ***,our aim was to identify and characterize the IL-17R repertory and regulation in the two main Mediterranean cultured fish species,the gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)and the European sea bass(dicentrarchus labrax).Our in silico results showed the clear identification of six members in each fish species,from IL-17RA to IL-17RE-like,with well-conserved gene structure and protein domains with their human *** of them showed wide and constitutive transcription in naïve tissues but with highest levels in mucosal tissues,namely skin,gill or *** leucocytes,T mitogens showed the strongest up-regulation in most of the il17 receptors though il17ra resulted in inhibition by most ***,in vivo nodavirus infection resulted in alterations on the transcription of il17 *** nodavirus infection led to some increments in the il17ra,il17rb,il17rc and il17rd transcripts in the susceptible European sea bass,many down-regulations were observed in the resistant gilthead *** data identify the presence and conservation of six coding IL-17R in gilthead seabream and European sea bass as well as their differential regulation in vitro and upon nodavirus infection.

关键词： Th17 cells IL-17 receptors Immunity Teleost fish Nodavirus(NNV) Aquaculture

deep optics preconditioner for modulation-free pyramid wavefront sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 301-312页

作者： FELIPE GUZMÁN JORGE TAPIA CAMILO WEINBERGER NICOLÁS HERNÁNdEZ JORGE BACCA BENOIT NEICHEL ESTEBAN VERA School of Electrical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaı´soValparaı´soChile department of Systems Engineering Universidad Industrial de SantanderBucaramangaColombia laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille MarseilleFrance

The pyramid wavefront sensor(PWFS)can provide the sensitivity needed for demanding adaptive optics applications,such as imaging exoplanets using the future extremely large telescopes of over 30 m of diameter(d).However,its exquisite sensitivity has a limited linear range of operation,or dynamic range,although it can be extended through the use of beam modulation—despite sacrificing sensitivity and requiring additional optical *** by artificial intelligence techniques,this work proposes to train an optical layer—comprising a passive diffractive element placed at a conjugated Fourier plane of the pyramid prism—to boost the linear response of the pyramid sensor without the need for cumbersome *** develop an end-2-end simulation to train the diffractive element,which acts as an optical preconditioner to the traditional least-square modal phase estimation *** results with a large range of turbulence conditions show a noticeable improvement in the aberration estimation performance equivalent to over 3λ∕d of modulation when using the optically preconditioned deep PWFS(dPWFS).Experimental results validate the advantages of using the designed optical layer,where the dPWFS can pair the performance of a traditional PWFS with 2λ∕d of *** and adding an optical preconditioner to the PWFS is just the tip of the iceberg,since the proposed deep optics methodology can be used for the design of a completely new generation of wavefront sensors that can better fit the demands of sophisticated adaptive optics applications such as ground-to-space and underwater optical communications and imaging through scattering media.

关键词： process optics pyramid

Photovoltaic waste management in sub-Saharan Africa:current practices in Burkina Faso

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Waste disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第2期6卷 271-282页

作者： Kodami Badza Yrebegnan Moussa Soro Marie Sawadogo laboratoire Energies Renouvelables et EfficacitéEnergétique Institut International d'Ingenierie de I'Eau et de I'Environnement(2iE)01 BP 594 OuagadougouBurkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa is witnessing a proliferation of photovoltaic(PV)waste due to the increasing number of solar PV power *** waste(panels,batteries,electrical cables,mounting structures,and inverters)consists of elements such as mercury,cadmium,chromium,lead,copper,aluminum,fluorinated compounds,and plastics that are toxic to human health and the environment if a proper management system is not *** many studies worldwide have focused on PV waste management,very few have been conducted in sub-Saharan *** study aims to investigate the current PV waste management system in Burkina Faso,determine stakeholder profiles,and propose strategies to enhance the existing *** research,interviews,questionnaires,and field visits were used in the *** survey showed that young people,mainly under 30 years of age and with a primary education,dominate(70%)in terms of PV waste collection and repair activities,while the more technical recycling and export activities are carried out mainly(88%)by stakeholders older than 40 years and with a secondary education(60%).Among the older stakeholders,100%are aware of the hazardous nature of PV waste,whereas 36%are young *** an environmental perspective,the main source of contamination observed is the release of lead-rich sulfuric acids into water and soil during the collection and repair *** the recycling of batteries and electrical cables,toxic fumes are emitted into the air,and recycling residues rich in toxic substances are *** reduce risks to human health and the environment when managing PV waste,the introduction of legislation,the multiplication of collection points and appropriate infrastructures,the training and awareness-raising of stakeholders,and the extended responsibility of manufacturers are *** on the economic feasibility of setting up formal management structures are needed to complete this work.

关键词： Photovoltaic waste Sub-Saharan Africa Waste management Recycling Batteries Incineration

Numerical Simulation of Turbulent diffusion Flames of a Biogas Enriched with Hydrogen

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Fluid dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第1期20卷 79-96页

作者： Naima Krarraz Amina Sabeur Khadidja Safer Ahmed Ouadha laboratoire des Science et Ingénierie Maritimes Facultéde Génie MécaniqueUniversitédes Sciences et de la Technologie d’Oran Mohamed BoudiafOranAlgérie laboratoire des Carburants Gazeux et de l’Environnement Facultéde Génie MécaniqueUniversitédes Sciences et de la Laboratoire des Carburants Gazeux et de l’Environneme

Any biogas produced by the anaerobic fermentation of organic materials has the advantage of being an environmentally friendly ***,the relatively low calorific value of such gases makes their effective utilization in practical applications relatively *** present study considers the addition of hydrogen as a potential solution to mitigate this *** particular,the properties of turbulent diffusion jet flames and the related pollutant emissions are investigated numerically for different operating *** related numerical simulations are conducted by solving the RANS equations in the frame of the Reynolds Stress Model in combination with the flamelet *** effects are also taken into account and the combustion kinetics are described via the GRI-Mech 3.0 reaction *** considered hydrogen fuel enrichment spans the range from 0%to 50%in terms of *** varies between 1 and 10 *** results show that both hydrogen addition and pressure increase lead to an improvement in terms of mixing quality and have a significant effect on flame temperature and *** also reduce CO_(2) emissions but increase NOx *** NO is shown to be the predominant NO formation mechanism.

关键词： Biogas hydrogen diffusion flame turbulence NO formation route pressure

Residence time distribution of wood chips in a semi-industrial multiple hearth furnace using RFId tracers Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 268-279页

作者： Elie Lacombe Muriel Marchand Capucine dupont denis Maréchal Thierry Melkior Univ Grenoble Alpes CEALITENDTCHLaboratoire Réacteurs et ProcédésF-38000GrenobleFrance IHE delft Department of Water Supply Sanitation and Environmental EngineeringDelftthe Netherlands John Cockerill SeraingBelgium

In continuous biomass torrefaction plants,the products'yields,composition and homogeneity highly depend on the residence time of particles.A characterization of particle residence time distribution(RTd)was therefore carried out in an industrial-scale multiple hearth furnace on poplar wood chips using radio frequency identification *** effects of operating conditions,namely,mass flow rate of biomass,shaft speed of the rabbling system and interdental length on the RTd were *** increase of shaft speed and mass flow rate reduces particles’mean residence *** the length between two successive teeth also increases the bed *** biomass accumulation(also called“bulldozing”)was observed during several *** phenomenon is favored by a high mass flow rate of resources,a small interdental length between the teeth and a low shaft *** measurements were compared to the axial dispersion *** all tests,the Peclet number is ranging between 20 and 62,indicating that the multiple hearth furnace cannot be modelled as an ideal plug flow reactor.

关键词： Biomass Multiple hearth furnace Residence time distribution RFId

Modelling the viscoplastic behaviour of Callovo-Oxfordian claystone with consideration of damage effect

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 303-316页

作者： Hao Wang Yu-Jun Cui Minh Ngoc Vu Jean Talandier Ecole des Ponts ParisTech Laboratoire Navier/CERMES6 et 8 avenue Blaise PascalMarne La Vallée cedex 277455France Andra R&D DepartmentChâtenay-Malabry92290France

In order to evaluate the performance of deep geological disposal of radioactive waste,an underground research laboratory(URL)was constructed by Andra in the Callovo-Oxfordian(COx)claystone formation at the Meuse/Haute-Marne(MHM).The construction of URL induced the excavation damage of host formations,and the ventilation in the galleries desaturated the host formation close to the gallery ***,it is expected that the mechanical behaviour of COx claystone is *** study presents a constitutive model developed to describe the viscoplastic behaviour of unsaturated and damaged COx *** this model,the unsaturation effect is considered by adopting the Bishop effective stress and the van Genuchten(VG)water retention *** terms of the viscoplastic behaviour,the nonstationary flow surface(NSFS)theory for unsaturated soils is used with consideration of the coupled effects of strain rate and suction on the yield stress.A progressive hardening law is ***,a non-associated flow rule is used,which is similar to that in Barcelona basic model(BBM).In addition,to describe the damage effect induced by suction change and viscoplastic loading,a damage function is defined based on the crack volume *** damage function contains two variables:unsaturated effective stress and viscoplastic volumetric strain,with the related parameters determined based on the mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)*** the model validation,different tests on COx claystone under different loading paths are *** between experimental and simulated results indicated that the present model is able to well describe the viscoplastic behaviour of damaged COx claystone,including swelling/shrinkage,triaxial extension and compression,and triaxial creep.

关键词： Callovo-Oxfordian(COx)claystone Excavation damage Time-dependent behaviour Suction Viscoplastic model

Purity-dependent Lorenz number,electron hydrodynamics and electron-phonon coupling in WTe_(2)

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 153-158页

作者： Wei Xie Feng Yang Liangcai Xu Xiaokang Li Zengwei Zhu Kamran Behnia Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China laboratoire de Physique et d’Etude des Matériaux(ESPCI-CNRS-Sorbonne Université)PSL University Paris 75005France

We present a study of electrical and thermal transport in Weyl semimetal WTe_(2)down to 0.3 *** Wiedemann-Franz law holds below 2 K and a downward deviation starts *** deviation is more pronounced in cleaner samples,as expected in the hydrodynamic picture of electronic transport,where a fraction of electron-electron collisions conserve *** are the dominant heat carriers and their mean-free-path does not display a Knudsen *** is presumably a consequence of weak anharmonicity,as indicated by the temperature dependence of the specific *** momentum exchange between phonons and electrons leads to quantum oscillations of the phononic thermal ***-Grüneisen picture of electron-phonon scattering breaks down at low temperature when Umklapp ph-ph collisions cease to be a sink for electronic flow of *** with semi-metallic Sb shows that normal ph-ph collisions are amplified by *** both semimetals,at cryogenic temperature,e-ph collisions degrade the phononic flow of energy but not the electronic flow of momentum.

关键词： thermal conductivity Wiedemann-Franz law electron hydrodynamics electron-phonon coupling

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The algebra of symmetric tensors on smooth projective varieties In Memory of Professor Gang Xiao

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Science China Mathematics 2024年

作者： Arnaud Beauville Jie Liu CNRS Laboratoire J.-A.Dieudonné Université C?te d'Azur Institute of Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

In this paper, we discuss the C-algebra H0(X, S~·TX) for a smooth complex projective variety *** compute it in some simple examples, and give a sharp bound on its Krull dimension. Then we propose a conjectural charac...

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Lateral ring compression test applied to a small caliber steel jacket:Identification of a constitutive model

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defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 133-148页

作者： Yann Coget Yael demarty Christophe Czarnota Anthony Bracq Jean-Sebastien Brest Alexis Rusinek French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis 5 Rue Du General Cassagnou68300 Saint-LouisFrance laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mecanique des Materiaux(LEM3) CNRSUniversite de LorraineArts&Metiers ParisTechF-57000 MetzFrance

The evolution of threats and scenarios requires continuous performance improvements of ballistic protections for armed *** a modeling point of view,it is necessary to use sufficiently precise material behavior models to accurately describe the phenomena observed during the impact of a projectile on a protective *** this context,the goal of this paper is to characterize the behavior of a small caliber steel jacket by combining experimental and numerical *** experimental method is based on the lateral compression of ring specimens directly machined from the thin and small *** speeds and temperatures are considered in a quasi-static regime in order to reveal the strain rate and temperature dependencies of the tested *** Finite Element Updating Method(FEMU)is *** results are coupled with an inverse optimization method and a finite element numerical model in order to determine the parameters of a constitutive model representative of the jacket *** of the present model are verified against experimental results and a parametric study as well as a discussion on the identified material parameters are *** results indicate that the strain hardening parameter can be neglected and the behavior of the thin steel jacket can be described by a modeling without strain hardening sensitivity.

关键词： Full metal jacket ammunition Lateral ring compression Inverse identification Numerical simulation