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Floristic composition and edaphic relationships in ferruginous campo rupestre reference ecosystems

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 719-733页

作者： G.Wilson FERNANdeS Letícia RAMOS Dario C.PAIVA Jéssica CUNHA-BLUM Vanessa Matos GOMES Daniel NEGREIROS Ecologia Evolutiva&biodiversidade Departamento de GenéticaEcologia e Evolução/ICBUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Knowledge Center for Biodiversity 31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil department of Biological Sciences Institute of EnvironmentFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA Programa de Pós Graduação em biodiversidade e Uso dos Recursos Naturais Universidade Estadual de Montes ClarosMontes ClarosMGBrazil laboratório de Estudo das Relações Solo-Planta Departamento de SolosUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroSeropédicaRGBrazil

Land use change and occupation have led to modifications in the environment causing loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services throughout the *** environments with high economic relevance,such as the ferruginous campo rupestre(rupestrian grassland known as Canga in Brazil),are even more susceptible to severe impacts due to their extreme habitat conditions and low *** determination of reference ecosystems based on the intrinsic characteristics of the ecosystem is essential for conservation as well as to the implementation of ecological *** proposed the reference ecosystem of the three main types of habitats of the ferruginous campo rupestre based on their floristic *** described the floristic composition of each habitat and evaluated the physicochemical properties of the soils and the relationship between plants and *** three habitats showed high diversity of plant species and many endemic species,such as Chamaecrista choriophylla,Cuphea pseudovaccinium,Lychnophora pinaster,and Vellozia *** distribution of vegetation was strongly related with the edaphic characteristics,with a set of species more adapted to high concentration of base saturation,fine sand,organic carbon,and iron,while another set of species succeeded in more acidic soils with higher S and silt *** provide support for the contention that the ferruginous campo rupestre is a mosaic of different habitats shaped by intrinsic local *** to recognize the floristic composition of each particular habitat can lead to inappropriate restoration,increased habitat homogenization and increased loss of biodiversity and ecosystem *** study also advances the knowledge base for building the reference ecosystem for the different types of ferruginous campo rupestre habitats,as well as a key database for highlighting those species contribute most to community assembly in this diverse and threatened tropical mountain ecosystem.

关键词： Canga Ecological restoration Extreme ecosystem Non-forest ecosystems Rupestrian grassland Taxon environment relationships

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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da Silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CASTRO JoséJúlio de TOLEDO Gustavo GRACIOLLI Lucio AndréVIANA DIAS William Douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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Feeding ecology and interactions with mammal hosts in a symbiotic genus of birds(Buphagus spp.)in Namibia

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Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 336-344页

作者： Michael S.Lukubwe Daniel Velarde-Garcéz Fernando Sequeira Susana Lopes Adrian J.F.K.Craig Vanessa A.Mata department of Zoology and Entomology Rhodes UniversityMakhandaSouth Africa department of Wildlife Management and Tourism Studies University of NamibiaKatima Mulilo CampusNamibia departamento de Biologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal CIBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosInBIO Laboratório AssociadoCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal

As the sole obligate symbiotic birds in Africa,oxpeckers offer a unique model for studying symbiotic *** to the multitrophic level they occupy and the context dependent foraging behavior they exhibit,the type of symbiotic relationship can be *** addition to providing a cleaning service to the host by removing ticks,oxpeckers frequently feed on blood,mucus,and saliva,inflicting potential damage on the ***,we used DNA metabarcoding on faecal samples to analyze the taxonomic composition of the trophic interactions of the Yellow-billed Oxpecker(Buphagus africanus)and Red-billed Oxpecker(***)in northeastern *** contrast to conventional methods,DNA metabarcoding allows for a detailed identification of dietary resources encompassing both mammal hosts and consumed arthropods within the same *** this information,we examined differences in the diet composition between oxpecker species and localities,as well as the co-occurrence between host and arthropod *** findings revealed that oxpeckers predominantly source their diet from mammals,ticks,and flies;however,ticks and flies rarely co-occur in the diet of an *** observed variability among individuals in their feeding ecology,which is strongly correlated with locality and,to a lesser extent,with the mammal *** noted a high degree of mobility between hosts within relatively short periods,with 32%of the samples showing traces of at least two mammal *** study illustrates the dynamic foraging behavior of these specialized symbiotic birds,shedding light on their potential role in pest control services and disease transmission.

关键词： Commensalism Diet DNA metabarcoding Oxpeckers Parasitism Trophic ecology

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Opposite latitudinal gradients for species richness and phylogenetic diversity of endemic snakes in the Atlantic Forest

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 522-530页

作者： JoséThales da Motta Portillo JosuéAnderson Rēgo Azevedo Fausto Erritto Barbo Ricardo J.Sawaya Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biologia Animal Instituto de BiocienciasLetras e Ciencias ExatasUniversidade Estadual Paulista"Julio de Mesquita Filho"Rua Cristovao Colombo2265Sao Josédo Rio PretoSao Paulo 15054-000Brazil Programa de Colecoes Cientificas Biologicas Coordenagao de BiodiversidadeInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da AmazoniaAvenida AndréAraujo2936ManausAmazonas 69067-375Brazil Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre University of GothenburgBox 461GothenburgVastra Gotaland SE-40530Sweden Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia de Minas GeraisRodovia Machado-Paraguacukm 3MachadoMinas Gerais 37750-000Rraizil Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Humanas UniversidadeFederaldo ABCRua Arcturus03Sao Bernardo do CampoSao Paulo09606-070Brazil

The decrease in species richness toward higher latitudes is an expected biogeographical *** pattern could be related to particular envi-ronmental constraints and the evolutionary history of ***,species richness does not fully represent the evolutionary history of the clades behind their *** diversity better clarifies the role of historical factors in biogeographical *** analyzed envi-ronmental and historical drivers related to latitudinal variation in species richness and phylogenetic diversity of Atlantic Forest endemic *** implemented species distribution models,from voucherbased locality points,to map the snake ranges and *** used generalized additive mixed models to evaluate the relationships among the diversity metrics and area,topographical roughness,and past climate change velocity since the Last Maximum Glacial in the Atlantic Forest latitudinal *** to the expected general pattern,species richness was higher toward higher latitudes,being positively related to past climatic *** richness also increased with total area and higher topographical *** diversity,on the other hand,showed opposite relationships related to the same *** diversity increased with lower climatic stability in lower ***,dimensions of diversity were affected in different ways by historical and environmental constraints in this unique and threatened biodiversity hotspot.

关键词： biodiversity latitudinal gradient neotropical region phylogenetic diversity serpents species richness.

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Environmental determinants of social wasp diversity and assemblage structure in an Amazonian archipelagic landscape

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Zoological Research(Diversity and Conservation) 2024年第2期1卷 121-129页

作者： Jose Victor Alves Ferreira Alexandre Somavilla Maíra Benchimol Ana Filipa Palmeirim Carlos A.Peres Danielle Storck-Tonon laboratório de Ecologia Aplicada àConservação Universidade Estadual de Santa CruzIlhéus 45662-900Brazil Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Coordenação de BiodiversidadeManaus 69067-001Brazil CIBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosInBIO Laboratório AssociadoCampus de VairãoUniversidade do PortoVairão 4485-661Portugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairãoVairão 4485-661Portugal School of Environmental Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK Instituto Juruá Manaus69057-060Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambiente e Sistemas de Produção Agrícola(PPGASP) Universidade do Estado de Mato GrossoTangaráda Serra 78300-970Brazil

Hydropower development has become an important driver of habitat loss and fragmentation across lowland tropical *** ample evidence on the detrimental effects of insular habitat fragmentation on biodiversity,invertebrate taxa,that may be critical to ecosystem functioning,have been *** assessed the assemblage-level responses of social wasps to forest insularization induced by the Balbina Hydroelectric Dam in Central Brazilian *** Malaise trapping,we captured wasps on 27 forest islands and three continuous *** constructed Generalized Linear Models and employed a model selection approach to examine the impact of local variables(fire severity(FIRE)and basal area of pioneer tree species(PIONEER))and landscape-scale variables(amount of habitat(COVER))on patterns of species richness,composition,and body size of wasps.A total of 374 individuals(29 species)were collected across all sampling *** was the main predictor of species richness,while PIONEER was the only variable that explained variation in community composition,with a negative effect on body *** results add evidence to the pervasive impacts of large hydroelectric dams on tropical forest biodiversity,and suggest that social wasps,among other invertebrates,can be used as bioindicators in infrastructure development projects.

关键词： Habitat amount hypothesis Habitat fragmentation Habitat loss Hydroelectric dams Invertebrates

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Natural parasites in conjunction with behavioral and color traits explain male agonistic behaviors in a lizard

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 59-69页

作者： Rodrigo Megia-Palma Dhanashree Paranjpe Robert D.Cooper Pauline Blaimont Barry Sinervo department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Parasitology UnitUniversidad de Alcala(UAH)E-28805Alcala de HenaresSpain CIBio Centro de Investigagao em Biodiversidade e Recursos GeneticosInBIO Laboratorio AssociadoCampus de VairaoUniversidade do PortoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairaoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal Rupa Rahul Bajaj Center for Environment and Art Empress Botanical GardensKavade MalaPuneIndia department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA department of Biology University of Houston Downtown1Main St.HoustonTX 77002USA department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA

Male competition conforms to a cost-benefit model,because while aggression may increase reproductive prospects,it can also increase the risk of *** hypothesize that an additional cost in aggressive males would be an increase in parasite load associated with a high energy investment into sexual *** of these infections,in turn,may downmodulate the level of host aggression via energetic *** staged dyadic male contests in the lab to investigate the relationships of multiple parasites with the agonistic behavior of lizard hosts,Sceloporus *** also included both color and behavioral traits from opponents in the analyses because(1)color patches of lizards may serve as intraspecific signals used by conspecifics to assess the quality of opponents,and(2)contests between male lizards fit classical models of escalated aggression,where lizards increase aggression displays in response to an opponent's *** results conform to our hypothesis because male lizards displayed more pushups when they had more ***,some parasites may modulate the levels of aggression because lizards infected by hematic coccidians performed fewer ***,lizards also displayed fewer pushups when both the chroma and size of the opponent's blue patch were *** results thus also supported the role of the blue patch of *** as a sexual armament,because it contributed to the deterrence of aggression from opponent *** revealed that natural parasitic infections in lizard hosts can contribute to their agonistic *** encourage future studies to account for parasites in behavioral testswithlizards.

关键词： Ixodes pacificus Lankesterella sexual selection social interactions ticks

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Physiological plasticity in eucalyptus clones in the vegetative stage contributes to drought tolerance

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第5期34卷 1549-1561页

作者： Vilma Marques Ferreira Jailma Ribeiro de Andrade Claudiana Moura dos Santos Sebastiao de Oliveira Maia Júnior Joao Correia de Araújo Neto Andrea Francisca da Silva Santos Vicente Mota da Silva Lucas Teles Bezerra Laurício Endres laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal Campus de Engenharia e Ciências AgráriasUniversidade Federal de AlagoasRio LargoAL57072-900Brazil laboratório de Ciências Ambientais e biodiversidade Departamento de Zootecnia.Centro de Ciências AgráriasUniversidade Estadual do MaranhãoSão LuísMA65300-000Brazil laboratório de Propagação de Plantas.Campus de Engenharia e Ciências Agrárias Universidade Federal de AlagoasRio LargoAL57072-900Brazil laboratório de Lepidoptera Museu de ZoologiaUniversidade de São PauloIpirangaSão PauloSP04263-000Brazil

With the expansion of eucalyptus crops to areas with severe water limitations,physiological studies involving eucalyptus clones to identify those that are tolerant to water stress become *** objective of this study was to assess morphological and physiological responses by eucalyptus clones subjected to drought stress and *** experiment consisted of three eucalyptus clones:VC865,I224 and I144 and two water regimes:control and water stress followed by rehydration,with six *** water potential,gas exchange,maximum quantum efficiency of photo systemⅡand plant height and stem diameter were evaluated under drought stress and ***6 d of rehydration,the number of leaves,leaf area and dry mass of root,leaf,stem and their total were *** clones showed intense reduction of gas exchange during the drought stress period,and only VC865 and 1144 showed rapid recovery with 3 d of *** 1224 showed greater reduction in height,stem diameter,number of leaves,water potential at midday(Ψ_(w)_(Midday)),and maximum quantum efficiency of photosystemⅡ(F_(v)/F_(m)).Clones VC865and T144 showed lower reductions inΨ_(wMidday)and F_(v)/F_(m) under ***865 had lower reductions in leaf number,leaf area and higher leaf dry mass,while clone I144 had higher height and lower reduction in root dry mass *** these clones showed higher water use efficiency with 3d of *** different phenotypic plasticities gave the clones VC865 and 1144 efficient mechanisms of acclimatization to stress and more drought tolerance,enhancing their greater capacity for recovery after stress,which allowed lower dry mass *** 1224,however,was more susceptible to drought stress,undergoing greater physiological damage with only partial recovery during rehydration.

关键词： Drought Eucalyptus species Gas exchanges Post-stress Root dry mass

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Flight performance and wing morphology in the bat Carollia perspicillata:biophysical models and energetics

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第5期18卷 876-890页

作者： Lucas de Oliveira CARNEIRO Breno MELLADO Marcelo Rodrigues NOGUEIRA Ariovaldo Pereira da CRUZ-NETO Leandro Rabello MONTEIRO laboratório de Ciências Ambientais Centro de Biociências e BiotecnologiaUniversidade Estadual do Norte FluminenseCampos dos GoytacazesRio de JaneiroBrasil departamento de biodiversidade Universidade Estadual PaulistaRio ClaroSão PauloBrasil

Studies on functional performance are important to understand the processes responsible for the evolution of *** trait variation within species influences the energetic cost of locomotion and impacts life history traits,with ecological and evolutionary *** study examined wing morphology correlates of flight performance measured by energetic expenditure in the Seba’s short-tailed bat,Carollia *** the flight experiments,nature caught bats(59 females,57 males)were allowed to fly for 3 min in a *** each flight,thermographic images were taken to measure body temperature,and biophysical models were used to calculate sensible heat loss as a measure of energetic *** morphological traits were measured for each individual and associated with heat loss and power required to fly on performance *** morphological traits explained 7-10%of flight energetic cost,and morphologies with the best performance would save the energy equivalent to 9-30%of total daily *** optimal performance areas within the *** morphospace were consistent with predicted selection trends from the literature.A trade-off between demands for flight speed and maneuverability was *** loading and camber presented sexual *** morphological differences are likely associated with more economical but less maneuverable flight in females,leading them to fly more often in open areas along the forest *** findings demonstrate how small scale changes in wing morphology can affect life history strategies and fitness.

关键词： aerodynamics Chiroptera infrared thermography performance surfaces Phyllostomidae wing morphometrics

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Molecular approaches for spinal cord injury treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 23-30页

作者： Fernanda Martins de Almeida Suelen Adriani Marques Anne Caroline Rodrigues dos Santos Caio Andrade Prins Fellipe Soares dos Santos Cardoso Luiza dos Santos Heringer Henrique Rocha Mendonça Ana Maria Blanco Martinez laboratório de Neurodegeneração e Reparo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina:Anatomia PatológicaDepartamento de PatologiaFaculdade de MedicinaHospital Universitário Clementino Fraga FilhoCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Centro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto de Biologia Departamento de NeurobiologiaLaboratório de Regeneração Neural e FunçãoUFFRio de JaneiroBrazil laboratório Integrado de Morfologia Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade NUPEMPrograma de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas-SBFisCentro Multidisciplinar UFRJ-MacaéUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroMacaéBrazil

Injuries to the spinal cord result in permanent disabilities that limit daily life *** main reasons for these poor outcomes are the limited regenerative capacity of central neurons and the inhibitory milieu that is established upon traumatic *** decades of research,there is still no efficient treatment for spinal cord *** strategies are tested in preclinical studies that focus on ameliorating the functional outcomes after spinal cord *** these,molecular compounds are currently being used for neurological recovery,with promising *** molecules target the axon collapsed growth cone,the inhibitory microenvironment,the survival of neurons and glial cells,and the re-establishment of lost *** this review we focused on molecules that are being used,either in preclinical or clinical studies,to treat spinal cord injuries,such as drugs,growth and neurotrophic factors,enzymes,and *** mechanisms of action of these molecules are discussed,considering traumatic spinal cord injury in rodents and humans.

关键词： axonal regeneration drugs enzymes growth factors molecular therapy neurotrophic factors purines spinal cord injury

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Ultrastructural and enzymatic alterations in the ovary of Rhodnius prolixus infected with Trypanosoma rangeli

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第2期15卷 71-78页

作者： Guilherme S.Machado Rosane L.Lopes Simone S.C.Oliveira Simone P.C.Freitas Jacenir R.Santos-Mallet AndréL.S.Santos denise Feder Suzete A.O.Gomes Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia Instituto de BiologiaUniversidade Federal FluminenseNiteróiRJBrazil laboratório de biodiversidade de Insetos e Patógenos Departamento de Biologia GeralInstituto de BiologiaUniversidade Federal FluminenseNiteróiRJBrazil laboratório de Estudos Avançados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes Departamento de Microbiologia GeralInstituto de Microbiologia Paulo de GóesUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Piauí TeresinaPIBrazil laboratório Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Díptera e Hemíptera Instituto Oswaldo CruzFundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Universidade Iguaçu Nova IguaçuRJBrazil laboratório de Biologia de Insetos Departamento de Biologia GeralInstituto de BiologiaUniversidade Federal FluminenseNiteróiRJBrazil

Objective:To investigate the morphological structure of ovarian follicular cells and biochemical parameters of both ovaries and fat bodies(sites of vitellogenesis)from Rhodnius(R.)prolixus infected with Trypanosoma(T.)***:Adult virgin females of *** were fed upon a membrane apparatus containing heat-inactivated citrated rabbit blood and a suspension of *** epimastigotes(Macias strain).Females from the control group and all the males received parasite-free *** electron microscopy was used to reveal the morphological aspects of ovarian follicle cells in both control and parasite-infected *** profile,proteolytic activities and Western blotting analyses were performed in either ovary or fat body samples of control and parasite-infected ***:According to the ultrastructural data,*** infection elicited a degeneration process in the ovarian follicular cells of *** assays indicated a reduction in the activity of aspartic peptidases in the ovary and fat body from parasite-infected group,while a significant increase in the cysteine peptidase activity was measured in both insect ***,immunoblotting revealed that vitellogenin was overexpressed in the ovary of parasite-infected ***:*** infection seems to elicit an early programmed cell death in the ovarian follicle cells as well as induces the modulation on the activities of different peptidase classes in either ovaries or fat bodies and the overexpression of the vitellogenin in the ovary of ***.

关键词： Trypanosoma rangeli Rhodnius prolixus Ovarian follicle Vitellogenin Aspartic protease Cysteine protease

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