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Evaluation and salivary biochemistry associations of sour-salty taste interaction

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Journal of Future Foods 2024年第4期4卷 376-382页

作者： Hongnan Jiang Ye Chen Jianshe Chen Louise Dye Xinmiao Wang Laboratory of Food Oral Processing School of Food Science and BiotechnologyZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China Zhejiang-UK Joint Laboratory of Food Sensory Science Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China School of Food Science and Nutrition University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Taste interaction is a well-known phenomenon in sensory stodies,but how to quantify the magnitode of the effect of one tastant on other taste attribute(s)is still largely unsolved,let alone further explorations from a salivary biochemistry *** acquiring the individual taste threshold and evaluating the just noticeable difference(JND).this stody firstly established a quantitative method to assess the magnitude of taste interaction in a binary taste mixture by evaluating the concentration difference upon psychologically-comparable *** change of salty taste intensity(CSI)was therefore defined as the subtraction of JND using sour-salty taste stimulant from JND using pure salty taste stimulant,with a dimension of concentration in mmol/*** was then used to demonstrate how citric acid affected salty taste perception in a salty-sour binary taste mixture in 16 young and healthy *** of citric acid used in the binary taste mixtore were 0.***.0.09.0.***.0.24 and 0.40 mmolL,*** results showed that salty taste perception was enhanced(average CSI of 0.93 mmolL)when the citric acid concentration was low(at 0.05 and 0.09 mmolL).but with an increasing concentration of citric acid ranging from 0.14 to 0.40 mmol/L,this effect gradually turned from enhancement to suppression of salty taste perception(correspondingly a continoously decreasing CSI all the way down to an average of-2.94 mumol/L).It was also found that cystatin SN concentration in participants'unstimulated saliva samples was significantly negatively correlated with salty taste threshold(with and without the presence of citric acid),and it was one of the most significant factors affecting CSI,s shown in multiple regression *** anhydrase VI concentration in participants'unstimulated saliva sanples was also found to be significantly negatively correlated with salty taste recognition(with and without presence of citric acid).but it did not pose signific

关键词： Taste interaction evaluation Sensory analysis Salty taste perception Salivay biochemical components

共同富裕背景下中国社会福利强度与相对贫困治理——基于三次分配的视角

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统计与决策 2024年第4期40卷 68-72页

作者：李雪杰伦敦国王学院政治经济学系英国伦敦WC2R 2LS

文章基于2019年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,量化了再分配过程中居民获得的社会福利和第三次分配中的其他转移性净收入对相对贫困的缓解效应,并测度了可支配收入形成后进一步消除相对贫困所需的额外福利强度。以居民人均可支配收入中位... 详细信息

文章基于2019年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,量化了再分配过程中居民获得的社会福利和第三次分配中的其他转移性净收入对相对贫困的缓解效应,并测度了可支配收入形成后进一步消除相对贫困所需的额外福利强度。以居民人均可支配收入中位数的40%为相对贫困线的分析结果表明,再分配确实降低了居民收入的相对贫困率,全国社会福利减贫效应达到15.81%;再分配改变了相对贫困率最低省份的分布格局,但未改变相对贫困率最高省份的分布格局,也未改变相对贫困程度东、中、西依次递增的区域分布模式。居民实际获得的社会福利强度及其减贫效应呈现东、中、西依次递减的特征,社会福利一定程度的错配影响了其整体减贫效应;第三次分配在减少相对贫困方面的作用有很大提升空间,地区差异不大;中国进一步消除相对贫困所需的平均额外福利强度为2.07%,表现出东、中、西依次递增的特征。

关键词：相对贫困治理社会福利强度三次分配减贫效应

Evasive attacks against autoencoder-based cyberattack detection systems in power systems

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 126-135页

作者： Yew Meng Khaw Amir Abiri Jahromi Mohammadreza F.M.Arani Deepa Kundur Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3G4Canada School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUnited Kingdom Department of Electrical Computer&Biomedical EngineeringToronto Metropolitan University(formerly Ryerson University)TorontoON M5B 2K3Canada

The digital transformation process of power systems towards smart grids is resulting in improved reliability, efficiency and situational awareness at the expense of increased cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Given the availability of large volumes of smart grid data, machine learning-based methods are considered an effective way to improve cybersecurity posture. Despite the unquestionable merits of machine learning approaches for cybersecurity enhancement, they represent a component of the cyberattack surface that is vulnerable, in particular, to adversarial attacks. In this paper, we examine the robustness of autoencoder-based cyberattack detection systems in smart grids to adversarial attacks. A novel iterative-based method is first proposed to craft adversarial attack samples. Then, it is demonstrated that an attacker with white-box access to the autoencoder-based cyberattack detection systems can successfully craft evasive samples using the proposed method. The results indicate that naive initial adversarial seeds cannot be employed to craft successful adversarial attacks shedding insight on the complexity of designing adversarial attacks against autoencoder-based cyberattack detection systems in smart grids.

关键词： Cybersecurity Adversarial attacks Anomaly detection Iterative-based methods Substati on automati on

Present-day movement characteristics of the Qinghai Nanshan fault and its surrounding area from GPS observation

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第2期15卷 133-141页

作者： Yang Liu Yuxuan Qiu Jialiang Liu Luyun Xiong Caijun Xu Jianghui Geng Gang Zheng Tianchen Sheng School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy Ministry of EducationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China Key Laboratory of Geophysical Geodesy Ministry of Natural ResourcesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China GNSS Research Center Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China School of Earth and Environment University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Qinghai Basic Surveying and Mapping Institute Xining 810101China

The Qinghai Nanshan fault is a larger fault in the Northeastern Xizang *** previous studies,its movement characteristics are mainly investigated with geological and seismic observations,and the tectonic transformation role of the fault on its east is not yet *** study uses data fusion to obtain denser GPS observations near the Qinghai Nanshan *** on tectonic characteristics,we establish a block model to investigate the fault slip rate,locking degree,and slip *** results show that the Qinghai Nanshan fault slip rate is characterized by sinistral and convergent *** the sinistral and convergent rates display a decreasing trend from west to *** locking degree and slip deficit are higher in the western segment(with an average of about 0.74 and 1.1 mm/a)and lower in the eastern ***,we construct a strain rate field using GPS observations to analyze the regional strain *** results indicate that along the fault,the western segment shows a larger shear strain rate and negative dilation *** earthquake records show that the frequency of earthquakes is lower near the *** joint results suggest that the western segment may have a higher earthquake *** addition,the insignificant fault slip rate in the eastern segment may indicate that it does not participate in the tectonic transformation among the Riyueshan,Lajishan,and West Qinling faults.

关键词： The Qinghai Nanshan fault Movement characteristics Block model Slip rate GPS

wrBench:Comparing Cache Architectures and Coherency Protocols on ARMv8 Many-Core Systems

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2023年第6期38卷 1323-1338页

作者：高琬蓉方建滨黄春徐传福王峥 College of Computer Science National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China School of Computing University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTU.K.

Cache performance is a critical design constraint for modern many-core *** the cache often works in a"black-box"manner,it is difficult for the software to reason about the cache behavior to match the running software to the underlying *** better support code optimization,we need to understand and characterize the cache *** cache performance characterization is heavily studied on traditional x86 architectures,there is little work for understanding the cache implementations on emerging ARMv8-based *** paper presents a comprehensive study to evaluate the cache architecture design on three representative ARMv8 multi-cores,Phytium 2000+,ThunderX2,and Kunpeng 920(KP920).To this end,we develop wrBench,a micro-benchmark suite to measure the realized latency and bandwidth of caches at different memory hierarchies when performing core-to-core *** evaluation pro-vides inter-core latency and bandwidth in different cache levels and coherency states for the three ARMv8 *** quantitative performance data is shown in *** mine the characteristics of caches and coherency protocols by analyzing the data for the three processors,Phytium 2000+,ThunderX2,and *** paper also provides discussions and guidelines for optimizing memory access on ARMv8 many-cores.

关键词： ARMv8 many-core cache architecture microbenchmark core-to-core communication

What controls the critical temperature of high temperature copper oxide superconductors:insights from scanneling tunnelling microscopy

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Science Bulletin 2017年第2期62卷 102-104页

作者： Cedric Weber King's College London Theory and Simulation of Condensed Matter The Strand London WC2R 2LS UK

Since their discovery,the electronic structure of the high temperature superconductors has been a subject of intensive theoretical attention as well as controversy,a situation that continues even today.

关键词：高温超导体铜氧化物超导体隧道显微镜临界温度控制电子结构

Towards Blockchain-Based Secure BGP Routing,Challenges and Future Research Directions

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2035-2062页

作者： Qiong Yang Li Ma Shanshan Tu Sami Ullah MuhammadWaqas Hisham Alasmary Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China School of Information Science and Technology North China University of TechnologyBeijing100144China Department of Computer Science Shaheed Benazir Bhutto UniversitySheringal18050Pakistan School of Computing and Mathematical Science Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of GreenwichLondonSE109LSUK School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityPerth6027Australia Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

Border Gateway Protocol(BGP)is a standard inter-domain routing protocol for the Internet that conveys network layer reachability information and establishes routes to different *** BGP protocol exhibits security design defects,such as an unconditional trust mechanism and the default acceptance of BGP route announcements from peers by BGP neighboring nodes,easily triggering prefix hijacking,path forgery,route leakage,and other BGP security ***,the traditional BGP security mechanism,relying on a public key infrastructure,faces issues like a single point of failure and a single point of *** decentralization,anti-tampering,and traceability advantages of blockchain offer new solution ideas for constructing secure and trusted inter-domain routing *** this paper,we summarize the characteristics of BGP protocol in detail,sort out the BGP security threats and their ***,we analyze the shortcomings of the traditional BGP security mechanism and comprehensively evaluate existing blockchain-based solutions to address the above problems and validate the reliability and effectiveness of blockchain-based BGP security methods in mitigating BGP security ***,we discuss the challenges posed by BGP security problems and outline prospects for future research.

关键词： BGP security blockchain prefix hijacking trust model secure routing

基于规则的信号交叉口纯电动公交节能驾驶策略

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交通运输系统工程与信息 2024年第4期24卷 139-150页

作者：李铁柱谢炳言刘天昊陈海波王召东南大学交通学院南京210000 利兹大学交通研究所利兹LS29JT英国开沃新能源汽车集团股份有限公司南京210000

为解决纯电动公交在通过信号交叉口时能耗较大的问题,本文提出一种旨在最小化电量消耗的基于规则的两阶段驾驶策略,能够实现通行策略场景的合理划分选择及充分优化加减速调整曲线凹凸性,同时,不牺牲乘客舒适度和通行时间。在策略第1阶段... 详细信息

为解决纯电动公交在通过信号交叉口时能耗较大的问题,本文提出一种旨在最小化电量消耗的基于规则的两阶段驾驶策略,能够实现通行策略场景的合理划分选择及充分优化加减速调整曲线凹凸性,同时,不牺牲乘客舒适度和通行时间。在策略第1阶段,结合车辆运行状态和通过车路协同技术获取的交叉口信号相位和时序信息,提出4种交叉口通行策略的划分与判断选择方式,包括匀速通过策略、加速通过策略、减速通过策略和制动停车策略;在策略第2阶段,利用基于XGBoost算法的能耗估算模型和基于加减速特征参数的曲线模型,优化策略场景中匀速过程、加速过程和减速过程的速度曲线;最后,结合VISSIM仿真验证4种通行策略的有效性。结果表明,所提出的策略可以有效减少电量消耗,在4种驾驶场景下,降低了29.8%~34.2%的能耗。此外,分析发现,在经济车速以上和以下的最佳速度节能曲线均为凹凸形曲线,因此,通过对比实验进行不同速度调整范围的最节能曲线凹凸性规律总结,该结论可以为纯电动公交车的节能驾驶提供更易于操作的驾驶引导。

关键词：城市交通节能驾驶策略速度曲线优化纯电动公交信号交叉口通行场景划分

定向凝固条件下Ti_(3)Al合金中梯度纳米结构的形成机制与力学行为——原子尺度研究

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第5期34卷 1507-1519页

作者：邹鹏飞李昌侯兆阳 Jia-yi SUN 高全华李克凡王真 Ke-jun DONG 长安大学理学院西安710064 Faculty of Natural Mathematics&Engineering SciencesKing’s College LondonLondonWC2R 2LSUnited Kingdom School of Engineering Design and Built EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityPenrithNSW 2751Australia

通过分子动力学(MD)模拟方法对Ti_(3)Al合金在定向凝固条件下的生长机理进行系统研究,并通过对比纳米晶(NG)、粗晶(CG)和梯度纳米晶(GNG)合金,研究Ti_(3)Al合金的结构力学性能。结果表明,在凝固过程中Ti_(3)Al相优先生长为等轴晶组织,... 详细信息

通过分子动力学(MD)模拟方法对Ti_(3)Al合金在定向凝固条件下的生长机理进行系统研究,并通过对比纳米晶(NG)、粗晶(CG)和梯度纳米晶(GNG)合金,研究Ti_(3)Al合金的结构力学性能。结果表明,在凝固过程中Ti_(3)Al相优先生长为等轴晶组织,随后逐渐演变为柱状粒,并最终形成梯度纳米晶结构。此时,晶粒在与凝固方向平行的方向优先生长。此外,研究还发现,相较于NG和CG结构,GNG结构定向凝固合金具有更高的抗拉强度和更好的延展性。GNG结构不仅有效抑制了小晶粒区域的应变局域化和晶粒生长,而且促进了较大晶粒区域的位错形成,从而获得更好的力学性能。

关键词：定向凝固 Ti_(3)Al合金分子动力学模拟梯度纳米结构